Andriod框架知识（一）

最新推荐文章于 2025-08-06 16:23:50 发布

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有的时候就很烦，即使你想专心去研究java的一些基础知识，但是如果没有网页、app或者swing的包装来展示他，总是给人一种纸上谈兵的感觉。有的时候我们需要这种东西来提高自己的实战水平。对于Andriod的框架和这种非java的知识，我们做到会用和熟悉就好。下面放一些代码，作为记录，便于查找。

（一）HelloWorld入门

HelloWorldActivity.java

package com.quinnnorris.helloworld;

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;

public class HelloWorldActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        //在活动被创建时必须执行的方法onCreate
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_hello_world);
        //布局和逻辑分离，加载布局
        Log.d("HelloWorldActivity","onCreate execute");
    }
}

AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.quinnnorris.helloworld">

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".HelloWorldActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>

（二）MyActivity页面间跳转和传递信息

FirstActivity.java

package com.quinnnorris.myactivity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class FirstActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.first_layout);

        Log.d("FirstActivity", this.toString());

        Button button1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button_1);
        button1.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Intent intent = new Intent(FirstActivity.this, SecondActivity.class);
                //显示使用Intent，直接指定

                //Intent intent = new Intent("com.quinnnorris.myactivity.ACTION_START");
                //通过隐式方法使用Intent

                //intent.addCategory("com.quinnnorris.myactivity.MY_CATEGORY");
                //为intent指定类别

                //Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
                //通过intent启动一些内置方法
                //intent.setData(Uri.parse("http://www.baidu.com"));
                //intent.setData(Uri.parse("tel:10086"));

                String data = "Hello SecondActivity";
                //Intent intent = new Intent(FirstActivity.this,SecondActivity.class);
                intent.putExtra("extra_data", data);

                //startActivity(intent);
                //Activity类中提供的方法，启用活动intent
                startActivityForResult(intent, 1);
                //可以返回数据的启动方法

                //Toast.makeText(FirstActivity.this,"You clicked Button 1",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                //弹出提示信息
                //finish();
                //销毁当前活动
            }
        });
    }

    /**
     * 调用本方法，将menu文件中的菜单加载到当前的活动中
     *
     * @param menu 我们将菜单添加到这个menu参数中
     * @return 返回true表示将菜单显示出来
     */
    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * 重写该方法，对点击菜单的结果做反应
     *
     * @param item 这个菜单的内容
     * @return 返回ture
     */
    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        switch (item.getItemId()) {
            case R.id.add_item:
                Toast.makeText(this, "You Clicked Add", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                break;
            case R.id.remove_item:
                Toast.makeText(this, "You Clicked Remove", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                break;
            default:
        }
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * 重写这个方法对之前栈返回的数据做处理
     *
     * @param requestCode 我们约定的请求码
     * @param resultCode  我们在返回数据的时候传入的处理结果
     * @param data        Intent对象，保存着返回的内容
     */
    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        switch (requestCode) {
            case 1:
                if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
                    String returnData = data.getStringExtra("data_return");
                    Log.d("FirstActivity", returnData);
                }
                break;
            default:
        }
    }
}

SecondActivity.java

package com.quinnnorris.myactivity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class SecondActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.second_layout);
        final Intent intent = getIntent();
        final String data = intent.getStringExtra("extra_data");
        Button button1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button_2);

        button1.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Toast.makeText(SecondActivity.this,data,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                Intent re_intent = new Intent();
                re_intent.putExtra("data_return","Hello FirstActivity");
                setResult(RESULT_OK,re_intent);
                finish();
            }
        });
    }

    /**
     * 当我们使用back键返回时，确保回传数据不会丢失
     */
    @Override
    public void onBackPressed() {
        Intent intent = new Intent();
        intent.putExtra("data_return","Hello FirstActivity");
        setResult(RESULT_OK,intent);
        finish();
    }
}

AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.quinnnorris.myactivity">

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity
            android:name=".FirstActivity"
            android:launchMode="singleTop"
            android:label="This is FirstActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <activity android:name=".SecondActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.quinnnorris.myactivity.ACTION_START" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
                <category android:name="com.quinnnorris.myactivity.MY_CATEGORY" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <activity android:name=".ThirdActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
                <data android:scheme="http"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>

Menu文件夹内：main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">

    <item android:title="Add"
        android:id="@+id/add_item" />
    <item android:title="Remove"
        android:id="@+id/remove_item" />
</menu>

first_layout.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">

<Button
    android:text="Button 1"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:id="@+id/button_1" />
</LinearLayout>

second_layout.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <Button
        android:text="Button 2"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/button_2" />
</LinearLayout>

（三）ActivityLifeCycleTest测试生命周期

MainActivity.java

package com.quinnnorris.activitylifecycletest;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    public static final String TAG = "MainActivity";

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main_layout);

        Button startNormalActivity = (Button) findViewById(R.id.start_normal_activity);
        Button startDialogActivity = (Button) findViewById(R.id.start_dialog_activity);
        startNormalActivity.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this,NormalActivity.class);
                startActivity(intent);
            }
        });
        startDialogActivity.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this,DialogActivity.class);
                startActivity(intent);
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    protected void onStart() {
        super.onStart();
        Log.d(TAG, "onStart");
    }

    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        Log.d(TAG, "onResume");
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPause() {
        super.onPause();
        Log.d(TAG, "onPause");
    }

    @Override
    protected void onStop() {
        super.onStop();
        Log.d(TAG, "onStop");
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        Log.d(TAG, "onDestroy");
    }

    @Override
    protected void onRestart() {
        super.onRestart();
        Log.d(TAG, "onRestart");
    }
}

AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.quinnnorris.activitylifecycletest">

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <activity android:name=".NormalActivity">
        </activity>
        <activity android:name=".DialogActivity"
            android:theme="@android:style/Theme">
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>

DialogActivity.java

package com.quinnnorris.activitylifecycletest;

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;

public class DialogActivity extends Activity {

    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.dialog_layout);
    }
}

（四）UIWidgetTest UI设计

MainActivity.java

package com.quinnnorris.uiwidgettest;

import android.app.ProgressDialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.preference.DialogPreference;
import android.support.v7.app.AlertDialog;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.ProgressBar;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private static final String TAG="MainActivity";

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        Button button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);
        final EditText edit_text = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.edit_text);
        final ImageView image_view = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.image_view);
        final ProgressBar progress_bar = (ProgressBar) findViewById(R.id.progressBar4);
        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                switch (v.getId()) {
                    case R.id.button:
                        //String edit_data = edit_text.getText().toString();
                        //Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, edit_data, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

                        //image_view.setImageResource(R.drawable.img_2);

                        //if(progress_bar.getVisibility() == View.GONE)
                        //   progress_bar.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                        //else
                        //    progress_bar.setVisibility(View.GONE);

                        //int pro = progress_bar.getProgress();
                        //pro +=10;
                        //progress_bar.setProgress(pro);

                        /*AlertDialog.Builder dialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this);
                        dialog.setTitle("This is a Dialog");
                        dialog.setMessage("Something important");
                        dialog.setCancelable(false);
                        是否可以被取消，不可取消情况下back键也无效
                        dialog.setPositiveButton("OK", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                            @Override
                            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                            }
                        });
                        dialog.setNegativeButton("Cancel", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                            @Override
                            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                            }
                        });
                        dialog.show();*/

                        /*ProgressDialog progressDialog = new ProgressDialog(MainActivity.this);
                        progressDialog.setTitle("This is ProgressDialog");
                        progressDialog.setMessage("Loading...");
                        progressDialog.setCancelable(true);
                        progressDialog.show();*/

                        break;
                    default:
                        break;
                }
            }
        });
    }
}

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:id="@+id/progress_bar"
    app:layout_collapseParallaxMultiplier="1.0">


    <TextView
        android:text="this is TextView"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:id="@+id/text_view"
        android:textColor="#00ff00"
        android:textSize="24sp"
        android:fontFamily="cursive" />

    <Button
        android:text="Button"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/button"
        android:textAllCaps="false" />

    <EditText
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:inputType="textPersonName"
        android:ems="10"
        android:id="@+id/edit_text"
        android:maxLines="2"
        android:hint="this is your name" />

    <ImageView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        app:srcCompat="@drawable/img_1"
        android:id="@+id/image_view" />

    <ProgressBar
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/progressBar3" />

    <ProgressBar
        style="?android:attr/progressBarStyleHorizontal"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/progressBar4"
        android:max="100" />


</LinearLayout>