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原创已于 2023-11-15 18:02:09 修改 · 97 阅读

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#网络

于 2023-11-13 19:41:23 首次发布

文章描述了路由器配置过程，包括IP地址分配、静态路由设置、MGRE隧道环境的配置、OSPF协议的启用与调整，以及解决DR/BDR选举和邻接关系问题，最后进行了连通性测试。

配置IP
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 192.168.12.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 192.168.13.1 24
[R1-LoopBack0]ip address 1.1.1.1 24

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.12.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.24.2 24
[R2-LoopBack0]ip ad 2.2.2.2 24

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 192.168.34.3 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 192.168.13.3 24
[R3-LoopBack0]ip ad 3.3.3.3 24

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 192.168.24.4 24
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 192.168.34.4 24
[R4-LoopBack0]ip ad 4.4.4.4 24

先配IP 在保证缺省能通过

[r1]int g0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 107.0.0.7 24
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
Nov 15 2023 16:42:01-08:00 r1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip ad 192.168.7.1 24
[r1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 107.0.0.10

[r2]int g0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 108.0.0.8 24
Nov 15 2023 16:43:10-08:00 r2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip ad 192.168.8.1 24
[r2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 108.0.0.10

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 107.0.0.10 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 108.0.0.10 24
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip ad 109.0.0.10 24

[r4]int g0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 109.0.0.9 24
[r4-LoopBack0]ip ad 192.168.9.1 24

[r4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 109.0.0.10
[r4]ping 107.0.0.7
PING 107.0.0.7: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Request time out
Reply from 107.0.0.7: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=90 ms
Reply from 107.0.0.7: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=50 ms
Reply from 107.0.0.7: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=30 ms
Reply from 107.0.0.7: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=20 ms

--- 107.0.0.7 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
4 packet(s) received
20.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 20/47/90 ms

保证通信后配置MGRE环境

[r1]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]ip ad 192.168.4.7 24

[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp

[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]source 107.0.0.7
Nov 15 2023 16:57:38-08:00 r1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface Tunnel0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]dis th
[V200R003C00]
#
interface Tunnel0/0/0
ip address 192.168.4.7 255.255.255.0
tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
source 107.0.0.7
#
return
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]

[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic

[r2]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]ip ad 192.168.4.8 24
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]tu
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]sou
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]source g0/0/0
Nov 15 2023 17:04:40-08:00 r2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface Tunnel0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 192.168.4.7 107.0.0.7 register

[r4]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[r4-Tunnel0/0/0]ip ad 192.168.4.9 24

[r4-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r4-Tunnel0/0/0]source g0/0/0
Nov 15 2023 17:06:42-08:00 r4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface Tunnel0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[r4-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 192.168.4.7 107.0.0.7 register

开始启动OSPF

[r1]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[r1-ospf-1]are
[r1-ospf-1]area 0
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]netw
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.7.1 0.0.0.0------宣告
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.4.7 0.0.0.0--------宣告tunnel
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]

[r2]ospf 1 router-id 8.8.8.8

[r2-ospf-1]a 0

[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.8.1 0.0.0.0

[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.4.8 0.0.0.0

[r4]ospf 1 router-id 9.0.0.0
Info: The configuration succeeded. You need to restart the OSPF process to valid
ate the new router ID.

[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.9.1 0.0.0.0

[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.4.9 0.0.0.0

开销值1562：实际传输速率极低

有问题r1只收到R4的，但不能建立

因为R1是P2P

[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast

因为R2是P2P不用条件匹配，，R1是broad要条件匹配，R1认为R9是DR，然后进行BDR，但R2是P2P不发HEllo包，发DBD，因此卡在ExStart

不同的网络类型，可以建立邻居关系，但是会

都修改

[r4-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type b

新问题：DR，BDR认知错误

让分支节点放弃选举

1.修改

[r1]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 10
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]q
[r1]q
<r1>res
<r1>reset ospf 1 p

改不了放弃
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]undo ospf dr-priority

[r4]int t0/0/0
[r4-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf d
[r4-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0

[r2]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf d
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0

检测联通性

[r4]ping -a 192.168.9.1 192.168.8.1
PING 192.168.8.1: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 192.168.8.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=40 ms
Reply from 192.168.8.1: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=30 ms
Reply from 192.168.8.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=20 ms
Reply from 192.168.8.1: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=40 ms
Reply from 192.168.8.1: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=30 ms

--- 192.168.8.1 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 20/32/40 ms