JAVA的RPC框架之一：分布式框架 Dubbo

最新推荐文章于 2025-07-17 11:03:49 发布

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#java #dubbo #分布式

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本文详细介绍了如何在SpringBoot项目中集成Dubbo框架，实现服务提供者与消费者的微服务架构。从pom.xml配置到启动类注解，再到具体业务实现，提供了完整的示例代码。

RPC框架：

RPC是远程过程调用（Remote Procedure Call）的缩写形式。SAP系统RPC调用的原理其实很简单，有一些类似于三层构架的C/S系统，第三方的客户程序通过接口调用SAP内部的标准或自定义函数，获得函数返回的数据进行处理后显示或打印

RPC 是一种技术思想而非一种规范或协议，常见 RPC 技术和框架有：

应用级的服务框架：阿里的 Dubbo/Dubbox、Google gRPC、Spring Boot/Spring Cloud。
远程通信协议：RMI、Socket、SOAP(HTTP XML)、REST(HTTP JSON)。
通信框架：MINA 和 Netty。

Dubbo admin

github : https://github.com/apache/dubbo-ops

springboot 简易版用dubbo调用

生产者

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.chinaoly</groupId>
    <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>producer</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.chinaoly</groupId>
            <artifactId>baseCore</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>0.2.0</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
</project>

application.properties

dubbo.application.name=producer
dubbo.registry.address=zookeeper://192.168.52.34:2181?backup=192.168.52.33:2181,192.168.52.35:2181
dubbo.protocol.name=dubbo
dubbo.protocol.port=20881

启动类

@EnableDubbo //基于注解的dubbo功能
@SpringBootApplication
public class ProducerApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        SpringApplication.run(ProducerApplication.class);
    }
}

业务

package com.chinaoly.service.Impl;

import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Service;
import com.chinaoly.bean.UserAddress;
import com.chinaoly.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

@Service //使用的是dubbo的Service
@Component
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

    public List<UserAddress> getUserAddressList(String userId) {
        UserAddress u1 = new UserAddress(1,"北京。。。3楼","1","李老师","010-28292929","");
        UserAddress u2 = new UserAddress(2,"深圳。。。3层","1","王老师","010-36228293","");
        return Arrays.asList(u1,u2);
    }
}

消费者

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.chinaoly</groupId>
    <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>consumer</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.chinaoly</groupId>
            <artifactId>baseCore</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>0.2.0</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

application.properties

server.port=20880
dubbo.application.name=consumer
dubbo.registry.address=zookeeper://192.168.52.34:2181?backup=192.168.52.33:2181,192.168.52.35:2181

启动类

package com.chinaoly;

import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.spring.context.annotation.EnableDubbo;
import com.chinaoly.service.OrderService;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import java.io.IOException;

@EnableDubbo
@SpringBootApplication
public class ConsumerApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args){
        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class);
    }
}

业务：

package com.chinaoly.controller;

import com.chinaoly.service.OrderService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

@Controller
public class OrderController {

    @Autowired
    private OrderService orderService;


    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("/initOrder")
    public Object getOrderInfo(String userId){
        return orderService.initOrder(userId);
    }
}

// 还有一个OrderService接口类，放在dubbo的api项目中
package com.chinaoly.service.impl;

import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Reference;
import com.chinaoly.bean.UserAddress;
import com.chinaoly.service.OrderService;
import com.chinaoly.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.List;

@Service
public class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService {

//    @Autowired
    @Reference
    private UserService userService;

    public Object initOrder(String userId) {
        List<UserAddress> addressList = userService.getUserAddressList(userId);
        for (UserAddress u : addressList){
            System.out.println(u.getUserAddress());
        }
        return addressList;
    }
}