Dubbo框架搭建服务发布与订阅(Dubbo第二炮)

本文是一篇Dubbo框架的复习笔记,详细介绍了如何搭建Provider到Consumer的环境,包括Eclipse中创建4个Maven工程,分别对应用户接口、服务提供者和服务消费者。文章还涉及Zookeeper的配置和使用,以及在遇到问题时的解决方案,帮助读者理解Dubbo的工作原理和实际操作。

说明:大概是3年前在一个Saas平台中接触到dubbo,此博文是复习笔记,分享给需要的读者。学习dubbo要有一定的java和maven基础,因为此演示全程都离不开maven。此演示侧重dubbo原理图中的Provider—>Registy<—>Consumer 实战搭建,并且编写演示代码及dubbo平台管理, 笔者将其称为” Dubbo第二炮”。(很久没玩dubbo了,博文用于复习与交流)

此演示内容如下(这里的演示相当于手把手教妹子):
在这里插入图片描述

1.dubbo环境搭建简介

前言:Dubbo框架如何搭建?
有过SSH,SSMJ,PAFA,JALOR等框架经验的道友,估计都有搭建框架的经验,不论你是学习时还是工作时搭建的。它们都有一个共性,基本上离不开jar包导入和配置文件的编写,当然咯,现在傻B(SpringBoot简称SB)和maven进行了大量的简化,但是仍然离不开jar包和配置文件的管理。

搭建框架本质就是如何正确消费别人的提供的技术。这些技术构建成jar,库等供大家使用。

此演示环境说明:
Eclipse : Version: Kepler Service Release 2
Tomcat 5.23
Jdk: java version “1.8.0_31”
Zookeeper服务器 zookeeper3.4.12
Maven服务器apache-maven-3.0.5 (看清楚,这里指服务器不是指jar包版本)

2.dubbo工作原理图

在这里插入图片描述

3.在eclipse中新建4个maven工程

这些工程分别是
user(代表父工程,管理和聚合所有的工程)
user-api(编写接口和pojo或domain)
user-provider(服务提供者,对应dubbo原理图中的Provider)
user-consumer(服务消费者,调用user-provider中提供/暴露的服务或接口)

在这里插入图片描述

(1) user工程中主要资源pom.xml

在这里插入图片描述

===>>>>pom.xml代码如下

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 
  <!-- 作为maven父工程,管理公用的依赖资源和聚合相关联的项目 -->
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>org.yl.dubbo</groupId>
  <artifactId>user</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>pom</packaging>
  
  <!-- maven中央工厂,如果本地仓库settings配置了镜像mirror则会覆盖url,从中央资源工厂下载资源时通过Nexus私服管理 -->



<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  <properties>
	  <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  </properties>
	
  <!-- maven聚合 -->



 <modules>
	<module>../user-api</module>
	<module>../user-provider</module>
  </modules>
	
  <!-- 公共依赖管理 -->
  <dependencyManagement>
  	<dependencies>
  		<!-- 配置Spring 相应的jar -->
  		<dependency>  
	        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
	        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>  
	        <version>4.3.20.RELEASE</version>  
     	</dependency>
     	<dependency>  
	        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
	        <artifactId>spring-bean</artifactId>  
	        <version>4.3.20.RELEASE</version>
     	</dependency>
  		<dependency>
		    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
		    <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
		    <version>4.3.20.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
 	
	<!-- 配置注册中心(zookeeper相关联的依赖)所需要的jar -->
	<dependency>  
        <groupId>zookeeper</groupId>  
        <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>  
        <version>3.4.8</version>  
    </dependency>
    
	<dependency>
        <groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
        <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
        <version>0.9</version>
  	</dependency>

	<!-- 配置阿里儿子jar -->
	<dependency>
		<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
		<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
		<version>2.5.10</version>
	</dependency>
	
	<!-- 测试依赖jar -->
  	<dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    
</dependencies>


</dependencyManagement>



  <!-- 插件管理 -->
  <build>
    <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
      <plugins>
        <!-- clean lifecycle, see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/lifecycles.html#clean_Lifecycle -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.1.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- default lifecycle, jar packaging: see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_jar_packaging -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.22.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- site lifecycle, see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/lifecycles.html#site_Lifecycle -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-site-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.7.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-project-info-reports-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.0</version>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>

</project>

(2) user-api工程

在这里插入图片描述

===>>> User.java 代码

package org.yl.dubbo.user_api.pojo;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class User implements Serializable {
	/**
	 * serialVersionUID
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = -1279924345353308732L;

	private Long userId;
	
	private String username;
	
	private String password;
	
	private String sex;
	
	private String telephone;

	public Long getUserId() {
		return userId;
	}

	public void setUserId(Long userId) {
		this.userId = userId;
	}

	public String getUsername() {
		return username;
	}

	public void setUsername(String username) {
		this.username = username;
	}

	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}

	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}

	public String getSex() {
		return sex;
	}

	public void setSex(String sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}

	public String getTelephone() {
		return telephone;
	}

	public void setTelephone(String telephone) {
		this.telephone = telephone;
	}
	
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
		sb.append("{userId:").append(this.userId).append(" ,")
			.append("username:").append(this.username).append(" ,")
			.append("password:").append(this.password).append(" ,")
			.append("sex:").append(this.sex).append(" ,")
			.append("telephone:").append(this.telephone)
			.append("}");
		return sb.toString();
	}
}

===>>>> UserService.java代码

package org.yl.dubbo.user_api.service;

import org.yl.dubbo.user_api.pojo.User;

public interface UserService {

	User findUserById(Long userId);
	
	int addUser(User user);
	
}

===>>>> user-appi/pom.xml代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
	 	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
		xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
		  http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
		  
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<!-- 继承 -->
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.yl.dubbo</groupId>
		<artifactId>user</artifactId>
		<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
		<!-- 相对路径 -->
		<relativePath>../user/pom.xml</relativePath>
	</parent>

	<artifactId>user-api</artifactId>
	<name>user-api</name>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<!-- clean lifecycle, see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/lifecycles.html#clean_Lifecycle -->
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
			<!-- default lifecycle, jar packaging: see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_jar_packaging -->
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
			<!-- site lifecycle, see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/lifecycles.html#site_Lifecycle -->
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-site-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-project-info-reports-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>
</project>

(3) user-provider工程
在这里插入图片描述

====>>>> UserProvider2Application.java代码

package org.yl.dubbo.user.impl;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

/**
 * 初始化Spring容器,用于启动user-provider项目来提供服务
 * @author 拈花为何不一笑
 *
 *此演示"dubbo环境搭建" 执行顺序: zookeeper –->
 *  user-provider(运行UserProvider2Application.java)-->
 *  user-consumer(运行ConsumerUserService.java)
 */
public class UserProvider2Application {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:application-provider.xml");
		context.start();
		System.out.println("user-provider: " + context.getDisplayName());
		System.out.println("===>>>> 启动user-provider应用...");
        try {
			System.in.read();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			System.out.println("===>>>> UserProvider2Application异常...");
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

}

===>>>> UserServiceImpl.java代码

package org.yl.dubbo.user.impl;

import org.yl.dubbo.user_api.pojo.User;
import org.yl.dubbo.user_api.service.UserService;

public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

	@Override
	public User findUserById(Long userId) {
		System.out.println("===>>> 模拟查询用户");
		
		User user = new User();
		user.setUserId(userId);
		user.setUsername("lulu");
		user.setSex("female");
		user.setTelephone("13656821236");
		
		return user;
	}

	@Override
	public int addUser(User user) {
		System.out.println("===>>> 添加一个用户");
		return 0;
	}

}

===>>>> application-provider.xml代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
       xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
		http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">

	<!-- 当前应用名(项目名,模块名) -->
    <dubbo:application name="user-provider" owner="admin"  organization="dubbox" />
	
	<!-- 使用zookeeper注册中心,注册服务提供给其它项目或模块使用即服务发布 -->
    <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://localhost:2181" client="zkclient" />
	
	<!-- 用dubbo协议暴露20880端口 -->
	<dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880" />
	
	<!-- 服务提供者的接口暴露 -->
	<dubbo:service interface="org.yl.dubbo.user_api.service.UserService" ref="userService" />
	
	<!-- 服务提供者的接口实现的bean --> 
    <bean id="userService" class="org.yl.dubbo.user.impl.UserServiceImpl"/>

	<!-- 
    <dubbo:reference id="" interface="" check="false"/>
    <bean id="userService" class="com.alibaba.dubbo.governance.service.impl.UserServiceImpl">
        <property name="rootPassword" value="${dubbo.admin.root.password}"/>
        <property name="guestPassword" value="${dubbo.admin.guest.password}"/>
    </bean>
 	-->
 	
</beans>

===>>>> user-provider/pom.xml代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<!-- 继承 -->
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.yl.dubbo</groupId>
		<artifactId>user</artifactId>
		<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
		<!-- 相对路径 -->
		<relativePath>../user/pom.xml</relativePath>
	</parent>

	<artifactId>user-provider</artifactId>
	<name>user-provider</name>

	<!-- 依赖的jar -->
	<dependencies>
		<!-- 引入依赖项目user-api打成的jar包 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>${project.groupId}</groupId>
			<artifactId>user-api</artifactId>
			<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
		</dependency>
		
		<!-- spring相关联的jar(发现依赖父类工程user其中一个spring jar其它的也依赖进来了) -->
		<dependency>
		    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
		    <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<!-- 依赖dobbo jar -->
		<dependency>
    		<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
    		<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
    	</dependency>
		
		<!-- zookeeper相关的jar -->
  		<dependency>
            <groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
            <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
      	</dependency>
		
		
		<!-- 测试相关联的jar -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<!-- 依赖的插件 -->
	<build>
		<plugins>
			<!-- clean lifecycle, see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/lifecycles.html#clean_Lifecycle -->
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
			<!-- default lifecycle, jar packaging: see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_jar_packaging -->
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
			<!-- site lifecycle, see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/lifecycles.html#site_Lifecycle -->
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-site-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-project-info-reports-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>
</project>

(4) user-consumer工程

在这里插入图片描述

===>>>> ConsumerUserService.java代码

package org.yl.dubbo.user_consumer;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.yl.dubbo.user_api.pojo.User;
import org.yl.dubbo.user_api.service.UserService;

/**
 * 消费者,调用提供者提供的服务
 *  即user-consumer工程调用user-provider工程(这里采用dubbo提供的RPC)
 * @author 拈花为何不一笑
 *
 * 此演示"dubbo环境搭建" 执行顺序: zookeeper –->
 *  user-provider(运行UserProvider2Application.java)-->
 *  user-consumer(运行ConsumerUserService.java)
 */
public class ConsumerUserService {
	
	//通过Spring来启动user-consumer工程
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		System.setProperty("java.net.preferIPv4Stack", "true");
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:application-consumer.xml");
        context.start();
        System.out.println("user-consumer: " + context.getDisplayName());
		System.out.println("===>>>> 启动user-consumer应用...");
        //获取远程服务代理(这玩意跟EJB中的JNDI很相似)
        UserService userService = (UserService) context.getBean("userService"); 
        // 调用远程服务即user-provider提供的服务
        User userResult = (User)userService.findUserById(1012L);
        System.out.println("===>>>> userResult: " + userResult);
        
	}
}

===>>>> application-consumer.xml代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
       xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
		http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">

	<!-- 当前应用名(项目名,模块名) -->
    <dubbo:application name="user-consumer" owner="admin"  organization="dubbox" />
	
	<!-- 使用zookeeper注册中心,用于访问注册中心注册的的服务即服务订阅  -->
    <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://localhost:2181" client="zkclient" />
	
	<!-- 调用注册的服务或接口 --> 
	<dubbo:reference id="userService" interface="org.yl.dubbo.user_api.service.UserService" check="false"/>
	
	<!-- 
    <dubbo:reference id="" interface="" check="false"/>
    <bean id="userService" class="com.alibaba.dubbo.governance.service.impl.UserServiceImpl">
        <property name="rootPassword" value="${dubbo.admin.root.password}"/>
        <property name="guestPassword" value="${dubbo.admin.guest.password}"/>
    </bean>
 	-->
 	
</beans>

===>>>> user-consumer/pom.xml代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
		http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<!-- 继承 -->
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.yl.dubbo</groupId>
		<artifactId>user</artifactId>
		<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
		<!-- 相对路径 -->
		<relativePath>../user/pom.xml</relativePath>
	</parent>
	<artifactId>user-consumer</artifactId>
	<name>user-consumer</name>

	<!-- 依赖的jar -->
	<dependencies>
		<!-- 引入依赖项目user-api打成的jar包 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>${project.groupId}</groupId>
			<artifactId>user-api</artifactId>
			<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- spring相关联的jar(发现依赖父类工程user其中一个spring jar其它的也依赖进来了) -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<!-- 依赖dobbo jar -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
			<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<!-- zookeeper相关的jar -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
			<artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
		</dependency>


		<!-- 测试依赖 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<!-- 依赖的插件 -->
	<build>
		<plugins>
			<!-- clean lifecycle, see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/lifecycles.html#clean_Lifecycle -->
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
			<!-- default lifecycle, jar packaging: see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_jar_packaging -->
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
			<!-- site lifecycle, see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/lifecycles.html#site_Lifecycle -->
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-site-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-project-info-reports-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>
</project>

4.maven工程编译,打包,安装(complie, package, install)
关于maven怎么使用,这里不详细,不会的自己去学习!贴一张图,给上面四个工程编译,打包和安装….
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  1. 启动服务器和应用项目
    顺序:zookeeper–> tomcat --> user-provider工程中的UserProvider2Application.java程序—>user-consumer工程中的ConsumerUserService.java程序
    这其中,有遇到的问题及解决方案,请仔细阅读下面内容

(1)启动zookeeper服务器
双击zkServer.cmd (windwos系统中), 不知道怎么玩zookeeper看笔者另一篇博文“dubbo第一炮”
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成功启动后如下图:
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(2)启动tomcat服务器
说明tomcat服务器中部署了dubbo-admin.war应用项目,可参考笔者另一篇博文”dubbo第一炮”
在tomcat安装目录\bin 中找到startup.bat 双击即可启动(无需改监听端口),成功启动后如下图:

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(3)启动应用项目user-provider
运行UserProvider2Application.java程序即可启动user-provider工程

成功如下图
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遇到问题及解决方案(由于笔者落掉了配置导致),如下图,具体解决方案在图中已提供

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(4) 启动应用项目user-consumer
运行ConsumerUserService.java程序即可启动user-consumer工程

成功如下图
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遇到问题及解决方案(由于笔者落掉了配置导致),如下图,具体解决方案在图中已提供
在这里插入图片描述

  1. 服务器和应用项目信息分析或展示
    (1)zookeeper服务器与user-provider和user-consumer
    a) Zookeeper与user-provider工程连接信息
    在这里插入图片描述

    b) Zookeeper与user-consumer工程连接信息
    在这里插入图片描述

(2)tomcat服务器中dubbo-admin应用项目
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希望与大家交流,探讨。谢谢! @author;拈花为何不一笑。敬请观看即将出炉的 博文”dubbo第三炮”
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