webservice 初步学习

最新推荐文章于 2023-09-24 08:30:00 发布

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本文介绍了如何使用Apache CXF 2.7.2版本创建和部署一个简单的WebService服务。服务端通过CXF发布到Tomcat，实现了IHelloWorld接口，并提供了多个方法供客户端调用。客户端使用wsdl2java命令生成对应接口和JavaBean，并通过同步和异步方式调用服务。此外，还提到了SOAP消息发送过程中遇到的问题及调试工具SOAPUI的使用。

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cxf 版本 2.7.2

服务端工程：CXFThirdServer

IHelloWorld

package bean;

import java.util.List;

import javax.jws.WebMethod;
import javax.jws.WebParam;
import javax.jws.WebResult;
import javax.jws.WebService;

@WebService
public interface IHelloWorld {

   @WebMethod
   public @WebResult(name="returnStr")String sayHello(@WebParam(name="name")String name);

   @WebMethod
   public @WebResult(name="returnUser")User sayHello2(@WebParam(name="name")String name, @WebParam(name="age")String age);

   @WebMethod
   public @WebResult(name="returnList")List<User> sayHello3(@WebParam(name="name")String name, @WebParam(name="age")String age);

}

实现类HelloWorld：

package bean;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import javax.jws.WebMethod;
import javax.jws.WebParam;
import javax.jws.WebResult;
import javax.jws.WebService;

@WebService
public class HelloWorld implements IHelloWorld {

   @Override
   @WebMethod
   public @WebResult(name="name")String sayHello(@WebParam(name="name")String name){
       System.out.println("CXFThirdServer sayHello called...");
       return "Hello " + name;
   }

   @Override
   @WebMethod
   public @WebResult(name="returnUser")User sayHello2(@WebParam(name="name")String name, @WebParam(name="age")String age) {
       // TODO Auto-generated method stub
       System.out.println("CXFThirdServer sayHello2 called...");
       User user = new User();
       user.name = name;
       user.age = age;
       return user;
   }

   @WebMethod
   public @WebResult(name="returnList")List<User> sayHello3(@WebParam(name="name")String name, @WebParam(name="age")String age){
       List<User> returnList = new ArrayList<User>();
       for(int i =0; i < 3; i++){
           User u = new User();
           u.name = name+i;
           u.age = age+i;
           returnList.add(u);
       }
       return returnList;
   }


}

返回javabean：

User

package bean;

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessorType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;

@XmlRootElement(name="User")
@XmlAccessorType(value=XmlAccessType.FIELD)
public class User {

   public String name;

   public String age;

}

webservice 在网络上传输对象是用jaxb将对象序列化为xml。

main类 MainServer:

package main;

import javax.xml.ws.Endpoint;

import bean.HelloWorld;

public class MainServer {

   public static void main(String[] args){
       HelloWorld hello = new HelloWorld();

   }

}

//Endpoint.publish("http://localhost:9001/HelloWorld", hello);将hello发布成webservice到jdk内嵌的容器中；也可以发布到tomcat中，写配置文件cxfconfig.xml和web.xml,然后在tomcat的webapps文件夹下new一个文件，名称是工程名，我这里是CXFThirdServer，然后再把该工程的WEB-INFO拷贝到CXFThirdServer文件夹下，就算再tomcat里面部署好了，在浏览器里打开http://localhost:8080/CXFThirdServer/HelloWorld?wsdl，得到wsdl文件的内容，那么在tomcat里面该服务就算发布好了。

cxfconfig.xml

web.xml：

<!DOCTYPE web-app
PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd">

   <web-app>
       
        <context-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>/WEB-INF/cxfconfig.xml</param-value>
        </context-param>
        
        <listener>
            <listener-class>
                org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
            </listener-class>
        </listener>
        <servlet>
            <servlet-name>CXFServlet</servlet-name>
            <display-name>CXF Servlet</display-name>
            <servlet-class>
                org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet
            </servlet-class>
            <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
        </servlet>
        
        <servlet-mapping>
            <servlet-name>CXFServlet</servlet-name>
            <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
        </servlet-mapping>
    </web-app>

下面是创建客户端工程：CXFThirdClient

利用wsdl2java命令生成对应的接口和javabean：wsdl2java -d F:\cxftest http://localhost:8080/CXFThirdServer/HelloWorld?wsdl

将得到的IHelloWorld接口和User对象拷贝到CXFThirdClient工程下面的bean包中，

然后在main包中创建主类MainClient：

package main;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.StringReader;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;

import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
import javax.xml.soap.AttachmentPart;
import javax.xml.soap.MimeHeaders;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPElement;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPException;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPMessage;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPPart;
import javax.xml.transform.Source;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.sax.SAXSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamSource;
import javax.xml.ws.AsyncHandler;
import javax.xml.ws.Dispatch;
import javax.xml.ws.Response;
import javax.xml.ws.Service;

import org.xml.sax.InputSource;

import bean.IHelloWorld;
import bean.User;

public class MainClient {

   /**
   * @param args
   * @throws MalformedURLException
   */
   public static void main(String[] args) throws MalformedURLException {
       // TODO Auto-generated method stub
       QName serviceQName = new QName("http://bean/","HelloWorldService");//对应wsdl:service name="HelloWorldService"
       Service service = Service.create(new URL("http://localhost:8080/CXFThirdServer/HelloWorld?wsdl"), serviceQName);//

//GET http://localhost:8080/CXFThirdServer/HelloWorld?wsdl，对应URL地址http://localhost:8080/CXFThirdServer/HelloWorld?wsdl

       System.out.println("service = " + service);
       QName portQName = new QName("http://bean/","HelloWorldPort");
       sayHelloSync(service,portQName);
//       sayHelloAsync(service,portQName);
   }

   private static void sayHelloSync(Service service,QName portQName){//同步方法调用sayHello

       /*IHelloWorld hello = service.getPort(portQName,IHelloWorld.class);
       System.out.println(hello.sayHello("text!"));*/


   /*   IHelloWorld hello = service.getPort(portQName,IHelloWorld.class);
       User user = hello.sayHello2("D Wade", " 31");
       System.out.println("name:"+user.getName()+" age:"+user.getAge());*/

       IHelloWorld hello = service.getPort(portQName,IHelloWorld.class);//对应<wsdl:port binding="tns:HelloWorldServiceSoapBinding" name="HelloWorldPort">
       List<User> returnList = hello.sayHello3("D Wade", " 31");//GET http://localhost:8080/CXFThirdServer/HelloWorld 报文体是发送过去的soap消息
       for(User user: returnList){
           System.out.println("name:"+user.getName()+" age:"+user.getAge());
       }

   }

   private static void sayHelloAsync(Service service,QName portQName){//利用回调方法异步调用sayHello
       final Dispatch<Source> dispatch = service.createDispatch(portQName, Source.class, Service.Mode.PAYLOAD);
       String payload = "<ns2:sayHello xmlns:ns2=\"http://bean/\"><name>BBBBBBBBBBB!</name></ns2:sayHello>";
       final Source payloadMsg = new StreamSource(new StringReader(payload));

       System.out.println("msg = " + payloadMsg);

               Future f = dispatch.invokeAsync(payloadMsg, new AsyncHandler<Source>() {

//GET http://localhost:8080/CXFThirdServer/HelloWorld 报文体是发送过去的soap消息

                   @Override
                   public void handleResponse(Response<Source> res) {
                       // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                       try{
                           System.out.println("in handleResponse");
                           Source source = res.get();
                           Transformer transformer = TransformerFactory.newInstance().newTransformer();
                           transformer.transform(source, new StreamResult(System.out));
                       }catch(Exception e){
                           e.printStackTrace();
                       }
                   }
               });

//       System.out.println("isDone = " + f.isDone());
       System.out.println("after dispatch.invokeAsync");
   }

}