SpringBoot2整合RabbitMQ详解

开发环境：

• 开发工具：IntelliJ IDEA
• Java版本：1.8
• Spring Boot版本：2.1.6.RELEASE
• RabbitMQ版本：3.6.9

1、开启RabbitMQ

  RabbitMQ安装在本地虚拟机CentOS7上，开启RabbitMQ操作如下：

#进入到系统管理目录
[root@rabbitmq ~]# cd /etc
#查看当前防火墙状态
[root@rabbitmq etc]# systemctl status firewalld.service
#关闭防火墙
[root@rabbitmq etc]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
#查看rabbitmq的安装目录
[root@rabbitmq ~]# whereis rabbitmq
#进入到rabbitmq指令目录
[root@rabbitmq ~]# cd /usr/lib/rabbitmq/lib/rabbitmq_server-3.6.9/sbin
#查看指令列表
[root@rabbitmq sbin]# ll
#后台开启rabbitmq
[root@rabbitmq sbin]# rabbitmq-server -detached
#查看rabbit进程，获取进程号
[root@rabbitmq sbin]# ps -ef | grep rabbitmq
#关闭rabbit进程，6712为rabbit进程号
[root@rabbitmq sbin]# kill -9 6712
#查看用户列表
[root@rabbitmq sbin]# rabbitmqctl list_users
#添加用户
[root@rabbitmq sbin]# rabbitmqctl add_user root 1314
#设置管理员角色
[root@rabbitmq sbin]# rabbitmqctl set_user_tags root administrator
#设置无限制权限
[root@rabbitmq sbin]# rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p / root ".*" ".*" ".*"
#删除用户
[root@rabbitmq sbin]# rabbitmqctl delete_user root 1314

2、创建Spring Boot工程

（1）pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.6.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.ming</groupId>
    <artifactId>rabbitmq</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>rabbitmq</name>
    <description>RabbitMQ project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!--RabbitMQ组件-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--单元测试组件，自动导入-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

（2）工程结构

application.yml

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    #服务器地址
    host: 192.168.230.128
    #RabbitMQ端口
    port: 5672
    #RabbitMQ用户
    username: root
    #RabbitMQ密码
    password: 1314
    #是否确认生产的消息已被消费
    publisher-confirms: true
rabbitmq:
  queue:
    #消息队列名称
    msg: queue-msg

RabbitMQConfig

package com.ming.rabbitmq.config;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class RabbitMQConfig {

    @Value("${rabbitmq.queue.msg}")
    private String msgQueueName;

    @Bean
    public Queue createQueueMsg() {

        //创建字符串消费队列，durable代表是否持久化消息
        return new Queue(msgQueueName, true);
    }
}

RabbitMQProducer

package com.ming.rabbitmq.producer;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CorrelationData;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
//实现RabbitTemplate类的内部接口ConfirmCallback，重写confirm回调确认方法
public class RabbitMQProducer implements RabbitTemplate.ConfirmCallback {

    @Value("${rabbitmq.queue.msg}")
    private String msgRouting;

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    public void sendMsg(String msg) {

        System.out.println("发送的字符串消息：" + msg);
        //设置回调
        rabbitTemplate.setConfirmCallback(this);
        //将消息发送到指定队列（msgRouting）
        //RabbitTemplate中的convertAndSend方法表示转换和发送消息，默认使用SimpleMessageConverter对象转换
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(msgRouting, msg);
    }

    @Override
    public void confirm(CorrelationData correlationData, boolean ack, String cause) {
    
        //ack表示是否消费成功，cause表示异常原因
        if (ack) {
            System.out.println("已成功消费！");
        } else {
            System.out.println("消费失败：" + cause);
        }
    }
}

RabbitMQConsumer

package com.ming.rabbitmq.consumer;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class RabbitMQConsumer {

    /**
     * 使用注解@RabbitListener定义监听器，用于监听rabbitmq.queue.msgs所指向的队列
     * @param msg 队列中的字符串消息
     */
    @RabbitListener(queues = {"${rabbitmq.queue.msg}"})
    public void receiveMsg(String msg) {
        System.out.println("消费的字符串信息：" + msg);
    }
}

RabbitmqApplicationTests

package com.ming.rabbitmq;

import com.ming.rabbitmq.producer.RabbitMQProducer;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class RabbitmqApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    private RabbitMQProducer rabbitMQProducer;

    @Test
    public void contextLoads() {

        rabbitMQProducer.sendMsg("It's good");
    }
}

3、单元测试

  运行测试类RabbitmqApplicationTests，结果如下：