SSM框架整合详解

SSM框架简介

   SSM（Spring+SpringMVC+MyBatis）框架由Spring、MyBatis两个开源框架整合而成（SpringMVC是Spring中的部分内容）。

Spring框架

   Spring贯穿于项目工程的控制层、业务层和持久层，主要解决的是业务逻辑层和其他各层的松耦合问题。它主要有两大理念：

（1）Spring IoC（控制反转）

   IoC其实是一个容器，它会认为一切Java资源都是Java Bean，其目的就是管理这些Bean以及它们之间的依赖关系。容器中资源的添加、修改、删除以及资源间的依赖关系都可通过配置文件来定义完成。这样就不需要自己手动去找资源，只要向容器描述所需资源，IoC就会找到你所需要的资源。

（2）Spring AOP（面向切面编程）

   AOP，其实就是把可重用的功能提取出来，然后将这些通用功能在合适的时候插入到应用程序中，比如事务管理、日志记录等。Spring AOP多用于数据库事务的编程。在Spring AOP实现的数据库事务管理中，是以异常作为消息的。只要事务（一组操作，里面包含许多个单一的逻辑）中有一个逻辑没有执行成功，Spring就会接收到异常信息，将数据库的事务回滚，从而保持数据的一致性。

Spring MVC框架

   Spring MVC是一个基于MVC的Web层（控制层）框架。它是Spring框架的一个模块，Spring MVC和Spring无需通过中间整合层进行整合。其主要任务是将包含业务数据的模块与显示模块的视图解耦。

MyBatis框架

   MyBatis是支持普通 SQL查询，存储过程和高级映射的优秀持久层框架。MyBatis 消除了几乎所有的JDBC代码和参数的手工设置以及结果集的检索。MyBatis 使用简单的 XML或注解用于配置和原始映射，将接口和 Java 的POJO（普通的 Java对象）映射成数据库中的记录。

SSM框架结构图

项目实现功能

   在客户端查询数据库中的客户列表信息。

开发环境

• 开发工具：Eclipse
• JDK：JDK-9.0.4
• 数据库：MySQL-8.0.12
• 服务器：Apache-Tomcat-9.0.12
• SSM版本：Spring-4.2.4.RELEASE + MyBatis-3.2.7

1、创建动态web工程

 （1）工程目录结构

 （2）导入所需jar包

2、持久层实现

customer_manager数据库中customer表的构建：

Customer：

package com.ming.ssm.pojo;
import java.io.Serializable;
/**
 * 数据库(customer_manager)中表(customer)所对应的实体类(Customer)
 * @author Mr.F
 *
 */
public class Customer implements Serializable{
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	private Long c_id;
	private String c_name;
	private String c_password;
	private String c_address;
	private String c_phone;
	private String c_email;
	public Long getC_id() {
		return c_id;
	}
	public void setC_id(Long c_id) {
		this.c_id = c_id;
	}
	public String getC_name() {
		return c_name;
	}
	public void setC_name(String c_name) {
		this.c_name = c_name;
	}
	public String getC_password() {
		return c_password;
	}
	public void setC_password(String c_password) {
		this.c_password = c_password;
	}
	public String getC_address() {
		return c_address;
	}
	public void setC_address(String c_address) {
		this.c_address = c_address;
	}
	public String getC_phone() {
		return c_phone;
	}
	public void setC_phone(String c_phone) {
		this.c_phone = c_phone;
	}
	public String getC_email() {
		return c_email;
	}
	public void setC_email(String c_email) {
		this.c_email = c_email;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Customer [c_id=" + c_id + ", c_name=" + c_name + ", c_password=" + c_password + ", c_address="
				+ c_address + ", c_phone=" + c_phone + ", c_email=" + c_email + "]";
	}
}

CustomerMapper：

package com.ming.ssm.mapper;
import java.util.List;
import com.ming.ssm.pojo.Customer;
/**
 * 持久层实现Mybatis框架中的Mapper接口，声名对数据库的操作方法
 * @author Mr.F
 *
 */
public interface CustomerMapper {
	List<Customer> findAllCustomer(); //查询所有客户信息
}

CustomerMapper.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
	PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
	"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--
	实现Mapper接口对应的映射文件
	@author Mr.F
	 -->
<!--nameapce:名称空间,用于隔离sql语句,必须是所对应Mapper接口的全路径名(包名.接口名)-->
<mapper namespace="com.ming.ssm.mapper.CustomerMapper">
	<!-- id:必须是所对应接口中相应的方法名;
		 resultType:方法返回的结果数据类型。
		 -->
	<select id="findAllCustomer" resultType="Customer">
		SELECT
		  `c_id`,
		  `c_name`,
		  `c_password`,
		  `c_address`,
		  `c_phone`,
		  `c_email`
		FROM
		  `customer`
	</select>
</mapper>

applicationContext-dao.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd">
	<!-- 加载访问数据库的属性文件 -->
	<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
	<!-- 配置dbcp数据源 -->
	<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
		<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>
		<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
		<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
		<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
	</bean>
	<!-- 配置Session工厂 -->
	<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
		<!-- 引入数据源 -->
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
		<!-- 引入mybatis的映射配置文件 -->
		<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:SqlMapConfig.xml" />
		<!-- 采用自动包扫描的方式来引入实体类 -->
		<property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.ming.ssm.pojo" />
	</bean>
	<!-- 采用自动包扫描的方式来注册Mapper -->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
    	<property name="basePackage" value="com.ming.ssm.mapper" />
    </bean>
</beans>

SqlMapConfig.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
	PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
	"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
	<!-- 控制台打印sql语句 -->
	<settings>
        <setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING" />
    </settings>
</configuration>

jdbc.properties：

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost/customer_manager?serverTimezone=CTT
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=1314

log4j.properties：

log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n
log4j.rootLogger= debug, stdout

3、业务层实现

CustomerService：

package com.ming.ssm.service;
import java.util.List;
import com.ming.ssm.pojo.Customer;
/**
 * 定义业务层接口
 * @author Mr.F
 *
 */
public interface CustomerService {
	List<Customer> findAllCustomer(); //查询所有客户信息
}

CustomerServiceImpl：

package com.ming.ssm.service.impl;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.ming.ssm.mapper.CustomerMapper;
import com.ming.ssm.pojo.Customer;
import com.ming.ssm.service.CustomerService;
/**
 * 实现业务层的CustomerService接口
 * @author Mr.F
 *
 */
@Service
public class CustomerServiceImpl implements CustomerService{	
	@Autowired
	private CustomerMapper customerMapper;	
	@Override
	public List<Customer> findAllCustomer() {		
		return customerMapper.findAllCustomer();
	}	
}

applicationContext-service.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd">
	<!-- 扫描包下的注解 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.ming.ssm.service"/>
</beans>

applicationContext-trans.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd">	
	<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
	<bean id="transactionManager"
		class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
		<!-- 引入数据源 -->
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
	</bean>
	<!-- 配置通知 -->
	<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
		<tx:attributes>
			<!-- 传播行为:约束事务行为 -->
			<tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="find*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
			<tx:method name="get*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
			<tx:method name="query*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
		</tx:attributes>
	</tx:advice>
	<!-- 配置切面 -->
	<aop:config>
		<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice"
			pointcut="execution(* com.ming.ssm.service.*.*(..))" />
	</aop:config>
</beans>

4、控制层实现

CustomerController：

package com.ming.ssm.controller;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import com.ming.ssm.pojo.Customer;
import com.ming.ssm.service.CustomerService;
@Controller
public class CustomerController {	
	@Autowired
	private CustomerService customerService;	
	@RequestMapping("findAll")
	public String findAll(Model model) {		
		List<Customer> list = customerService.findAllCustomer();
		model.addAttribute("list", list);
		return "index";	
	}
}

springmvc.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">        
	<!-- 配置扫描器：扫描包下类上的注解(有了扫描器，可以不用配置注解驱动)-->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.ming.ssm.controller" />	
	<!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
	</bean>
</beans>

web.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
  <display-name>ssm_customer</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  <!-- 加载spring的配置文件 -->
  <context-param>
	<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
	<param-value>classpath:spring/applicationContext-*.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <!-- 配置spring的监听器 -->
  <listener>
	<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  <!-- 解决post乱码问题 -->
  <filter>
	<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
	<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
	<!-- 设置编码是UTF-8 -->
	<init-param>
		<param-name>encoding</param-name>
		<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
	</init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
	<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
	<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
  <!-- 配置springmvc的核心控制器 -->
  <servlet>
	<servlet-name>springmvc-web</servlet-name>
	<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
	<!-- 加载springmvc的配置文件 -->
	<init-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>classpath:spring/springmvc.xml</param-value>
	</init-param>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
	<servlet-name>springmvc-web</servlet-name>
	<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

index.jsp：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/>
<title>客户管理页面</title>
</head>
<body>
	<h2 align="center">客户管理系统</h2>
	<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/findAll.action" method="post">
		<table border="1px" align="center" width="700px">
			<tr>
				<td colspan="6" align="right">
					<input type="submit" value="查询所有客户"/>
				</td>
			</tr>
			<tr align="center">
				<td>客户ID</td>
				<td>客户姓名</td>
				<td>客户密码</td>
				<td>客户地址</td>
				<td>客户手机</td>
				<td>客户邮箱</td>
			</tr>
			<c:forEach items="${list}" var="c">
				<tr align="center">
					<td>${c.c_id}</td>
	                <td>${c.c_name}</td>
	                <td>${c.c_password}</td>
		            <td>${c.c_address }</td>
		            <td>${c.c_phone }</td>
		            <td>${c.c_email }</td>
				</tr>
			</c:forEach>
		</table>
	</form>
</body>
</html>

5、工程测试

  将ssm_customer项目工程发布到本地tomcat服务器上，在浏览器地址栏访问http://localhost:8080/ssm_customer/，其结果如下：

然后点击 “查询所有客户” 按钮，其结果如下：