编译调用openssl库出错：d1_enc.c:(text+0x3b):undefined refrence to 'EVP_MD_CTX_md'

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-20 13:52:41 发布
最新推荐文章于 2025-06-20 13:52:41 发布
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分类专栏： 纠错院 文章标签： openssl d1-enc-c
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本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/Mr0Yang/article/details/77841181
在尝试编译一个使用OpenSSL的项目时，遇到了一个错误：d1_enc.c:(text+0x3b):undefined reference to 'EVP_MD_CTX_md'。经过调查发现，这是由于链接时缺少了必要的库。通过修改编译命令，添加了缺失的链接选项，最终成功解决了问题，编译过程顺利完成。

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编译命令：

gcc -g -o xxx xxx.c -I/usr/local/ssl/include/ -L/usr/local/ssl/lib/ -lssl

错误：
这里写图片描述

查询原因：

这里写图片描述

修改命令：

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usr/bin/ld: /home/zwy/gitcode/snapShotServer/lib/lib_aws/libaws-c-auth.a(credentials_provider_profile.c.o): in function `s_profile_file_credentials_provider_ destroy&#39;: credentials_provider_profile.c:(.text+0x35): undefined reference to `aws_profile_collection_release&#39; /usr/bin/ld: /home/zwy/gitcode/snapShotServer/lib/lib_aws/libaws-c-auth.a(credentials_provider_profile.c.o): in function `s_profile_file_credentials_provider_ get_credentials_async&#39;: credentials_provider_profile.c:(.text+0x8f): undefined reference to `aws_profile_collection_acquire&#39; /usr/bin/ld: credentials_provider_profile.c:(.text+0xa7): undefined reference to `aws_profile_collection_get_profile&#39; /usr/bin/ld: credentials_provider_profile.c:(.text+0x14c): undefined reference to `aws_profile_collection_release&#39; /usr/bin/ld: credentials_provider_profile.c:(.text+0x24d): undefined reference to `aws_profile_collection_new_from_file&#39; /usr/bin/ld: credentials_provider_profile.c:(.text+0x2b2): undefined reference to `aws_profile_collection_new_from_file&#39; 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/usr/bin/ld: /home/zwy/gitcode/snapShotServer/lib/lib_aws/libaws-c-auth.a(credentials_utils.c.o): in function `aws_load_profile_collection_from_config_file&#39;: credentials_utils.c:(.text+0x9de): undefined reference to `aws_get_config_file_path&#39; /usr/bin/ld: credentials_utils.c:(.text+0x9fa): undefined reference to `aws_profile_collection_new_from_file&#39; /usr/bin/ld: /home/zwy/gitcode/snapShotServer/lib/lib_aws/libaws-c-auth.a(credentials_utils.c.o): in function `s_get_override_endpoint&#39;: credentials_utils.c:(.text+0xc39): undefined reference to `aws_profile_get_property&#39; /usr/bin/ld: credentials_utils.c:(.text+0xc4a): undefined reference to `aws_profile_property_get_value&#39; /usr/bin/ld: credentials_utils.c:(.text+0xc5a): undefined reference to `aws_profile_collection_get_section&#39; /usr/bin/ld: credentials_utils.c:(.text+0xc6f): undefined reference to `aws_profile_get_property&#39; /usr/bin/ld: credentials_utils.c:(.text+0xc86): undefined reference to `aws_profile_property_get_sub_property&#39; 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/usr/bin/ld: credentials_provider_process.c:(.text+0x5fa): undefined reference to `aws_profile_collection_new_from_file&#39;
06-15
<think>我们面对的是在链接`aws-c-auth`库时出现的未定义引用错误，具体涉及三个函数：-`aws_profile_collection_release`-`aws_profile_property_get_value`-`aws_profile_collection_acquire`这些函数属于AWS的配置管理（Profile）功能，通常由`aws-c-auth`的依赖库提供。根据AWSSDK的模块化设计，这些函数实际定义在**`aws-c-sdkutils`**库中。###错误原因分析1.**依赖关系**：-`aws-c-auth`依赖于`aws-c-sdkutils`（提供配置管理功能）-链接顺序错误导致`aws-c-sdkutils`出现在`aws-c-auth`之后，使得链接器无法解析符号2.**符号解析规则**：-链接器按从左到右的顺序解析符号-如果`aws-c-auth`在`aws-c-sdkutils`之前被链接，则`aws-c-auth`中的未定义符号无法在后续库中找到###解决方案####核心原则：调整链接顺序将`aws-c-sdkutils`移动到`aws-c-auth`**之后**（即更靠右的位置）：```mermaidgraphLRA[aws-c-auth]-->|需要|B[aws-c-sdkutils]链接顺序:...-laws-c-auth-laws-c-sdkutils...```####具体步骤1.**调整库顺序**（以您的原始列表为基础）：原顺序：```aws-c-commonaws-checksumss2naws-c-calaws-c-compressionaws-c-ioaws-c-httpaws-c-authaws-c-sdkutils...```修改后：```...aws-c-httpaws-c-authaws-c-sdkutils...#确保aws-c-sdkutils紧接在aws-c-auth之后```完整推荐顺序：```bash-laws-cpp-sdk-s3\-laws-cpp-sdk-core\-laws-crt-cpp\-laws-c-s3\-laws-c-mqtt\-laws-c-event-stream\#关键调整点：将aws-c-sdkutils移到aws-c-auth之后-laws-c-auth\-laws-c-sdkutils\-laws-c-http\-laws-c-io\-laws-c-compression\-laws-c-cal\-ls2n\-laws-checksums\-laws-c-common```2.**验证依赖链**：使用`nm`检查符号定义：```bash#确认aws-c-sdkutils提供缺失符号nm-gClibaws-c-sdkutils.a|grep-E&#39;aws_profile_collection_release|aws_profile_property_get_value|aws_profile_collection_acquire&#39;```预期输出应包含`T`（已定义）的符号，例如：```0000000000000000Taws_profile_collection_acquire0000000000000000Taws_profile_collection_release0000000000000000Taws_profile_property_get_value```###CMake配置修正如果使用CMake，调整`target_link_libraries`顺序：```cmaketarget_link_libraries(your_targetPRIVATE#...其他库aws-c-authaws-c-sdkutils#确保在aws-c-auth之后aws-c-http#...剩余库)```###根本原因-`aws-c-sdkutils`提供AWS配置文件和SDK工具函数-`aws-c-auth`（认证模块）在初始化时需要加载配置文件，因此依赖这些函数-AWS官方文档强调：[`aws-c-sdkutils`必须出现在`aws-c-auth`的依赖链中](https://github.com/awslabs/aws-c-auth/blob/main/README.md#dependencies)[^1]###附加检查1.**库版本兼容性**：-确保所有库使用相同版本的AWSSDK（例如v0.6.22）-不兼容版本可能导致符号名称变化2.**系统依赖**：-确认OpenSSL和libcurl已正确安装-缺失系统库可能引发间接错误§§相关问题§§1.如何诊断AWSSDK中的未定义符号错误？2.在大型项目中如何管理AWSSDK的版本兼容性？3.如何为AWSSDK的静态链接优化编译选项？</think>根据您的错误信息，问题核心在于 `aws-c-auth` 库链接时出现的未定义引用，这些符号实际定义在 `aws-c-sdkutils` 库中。以下是系统性的解决方案： ### 错误原因分析 ```mermaid graph TD A[aws-c-auth] -->|依赖| B[aws-c-sdkutils] B -->|定义| C[aws_profile_* 符号] ``` 1. **符号来源**： `aws_profile_collection_release`, `aws_profile_property_get_value`, `aws_profile_collection_acquire` 等符号定义在 **`aws-c-sdkutils`** 库中 2. **依赖方向**： `aws-c-auth` 依赖 `aws-c-sdkutils`，但链接顺序中 `aws-c-sdkutils` 出现在 `aws-c-auth` **之后** 3. **链接规则**： 链接器从左向右解析符号，被依赖库必须出现在依赖它的库的**右边** ### 解决方案 #### 步骤 1：调整链接顺序 **原顺序**： `aws-c-auth aws-c-sdkutils` ❌（错误：依赖库在右边） **修正后顺序**： `aws-c-sdkutils aws-c-auth` ✅（正确：依赖库在左边） ```bash # 完整修正后的链接顺序（GCC/Clang） g++ your_app.cpp \ -laws-cpp-sdk-s3 \ -laws-cpp-sdk-core \ -laws-crt-cpp \ -laws-c-s3 \ -laws-c-mqtt \ -laws-c-event-stream \ # 关键调整点 ▼ -laws-c-sdkutils \ # 依赖库在前 -laws-c-auth \ # 使用符号的库在后 # 继续其他库 ▼ -laws-c-http \ -laws-c-io \ -laws-c-compression \ -laws-c-cal \ -ls2n \ -laws-checksums \ -laws-c-common \ -lcurl -lssl -lcrypto -lz -lpthread ``` #### 步骤 2：CMake 配置修正 ```cmake target_link_libraries(your_target PRIVATE # ... 其他库 aws-c-sdkutils # 必须在 aws-c-auth 之前 aws-c-auth # ... 其他库 ) ``` #### 步骤 3：验证符号定义 ```bash # 检查符号是否在 aws-c-sdkutils 中定义 nm -gC libaws-c-sdkutils.a | grep -E &#39;aws_profile_collection_release|aws_profile_property_get_value|aws_profile_collection_acquire&#39; # 预期输出（T 表示已定义）： 0000000000000ac0 T aws_profile_collection_acquire 0000000000000b20 T aws_profile_collection_release 0000000000000c10 T aws_profile_property_get_value ``` ### 根本原因说明 1. **依赖关系**： `aws-c-auth` 的认证功能依赖 `aws-c-sdkutils` 的配置管理模块（Profile 系统）[^1] 2. **符号位置**： Profile 相关函数实现在 `aws-c-sdkutils` 的 [source/profile.c](https://github.com/awslabs/aws-c-sdkutils/blob/main/source/profile.c) 中 3. **链接规则**： 数学表达为： 设库 $L_a$（aws-c-auth）依赖库 $L_s$（aws-c-sdkutils） 则链接顺序需满足：$L_s$ 的位置索引 < $L_a$ 的位置索引 ### 预防措施 1. **依赖可视化**： ```bash # 生成依赖图 aws-sdk-cpp-dependencies.svg ``` 2. **编译检查**： ```cmake include(CheckFunctionExists) check_function_exists(aws_profile_collection_acquire HAVE_PROFILE_SYMBOLS) if(NOT HAVE_PROFILE_SYMBOLS) message(FATAL_ERROR "Missing aws-c-sdkutils symbols") endif() ``` > 官方参考：[AWS C Auth 依赖文档](https://github.com/awslabs/aws-c-auth#dependencies)[^1]
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