Fragment实践之聊天窗口

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原创最新推荐文章于 2026-07-08 12:15:32 发布 1.9k 阅读 AI 写同款· GEO 优化 ›

android技术--------如何解决弹出键盘只影响当前fragment输入的窗口题目比较长，也可能有很多人不明所以这东西有啥可写的，简单来说就是实现近似于Android Pad 上QQHD聊天的界面效果，搞了很长的事件，今天终于搞定。 android3.0新加了组件Fragment称之为碎片，对这个一无所知的请自觉补习。今天的阐述将基于此组件。 fragment可以放入activity中，并随activity的生命周期变化而变化，但当相应键盘事件的时候，就比较让人挠头了，阅读详情

前几天刚学了android的fragment，总是停留在简单的demo，或许永远都学不会。

今天，我要动手向我的聊天软件开刀。今天，用Fragment来实现一个如下图效果的聊天界面。

从图中可以看出，这个activity是由三部分组成：1）抬头，包含一个返回按钮，对话用户的名字和一个对话好友的信息按钮;2）一个聊天的历史记录；3）底部是输入，包含更多丰富的输入按钮，文本输入以及发送按钮。

第一步：定义好资源文件

资源文件主要是布局文件，布局文件所用到的其他资源我们在此就不再做介绍了

new_chat_layout.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >
    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/chat_title_layout"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="horizontal"
        >
        </LinearLayout>
        
        <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/chat_history_layout"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_weight="1.0"
        android:background="@color/white3" 
        android:orientation="horizontal">
        </LinearLayout>
            <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/chat_bottom_layout"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="horizontal">
        </LinearLayout>
            <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/chat_multifunc_layout"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="horizontal">
        </LinearLayout>
        
</LinearLayout>

其效果图如下：空白的

接下来，我们创建抬头的fagment的layout文件

frag_chat_title_layout.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="60dip"
        android:background="@drawable/skinpic_blue"
        android:gravity="center_vertical" >

        <ImageButton
            android:id="@+id/title_back"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:background="@drawable/title_btn_l_selector"
            android:padding="0.0dip"
            android:src="@drawable/title_btn_back" />
        
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/to_chat_name"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1.0"
            android:ellipsize="end"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:singleLine="true"
            android:textColor="#ffffffff"
            android:textSize="18.0sp"
            android:text="张三"
            android:textStyle="bold" />
 

        <ImageButton
            android:id="@+id/user_info"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:background="@drawable/title_btn_r_selector"
            android:padding="0.0dip"
            android:src="@drawable/popbar_icon_info" />

    </LinearLayout>

其效果如下：

接下来我们定义聊天记录的布局文件

frag_history_list_layout.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_weight="1.0"
    android:background="@color/white3"
    android:orientation="vertical" >
    
         <ListView
        android:id="@+id/chat_list"
       android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_weight="1.0"
        android:background="@color/white3" 
        android:divider="@null"
        android:listSelector="@android:color/transparent"
       
         /> 

</LinearLayout>

其效果如图：

定义底部的输入布局

frag_chat_bottom_layout.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     android:layout_width="fill_parent"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      android:background="#FFEEEEEE" >
       <Button
             android:id="@+id/multi_function_btn"
             android:layout_width="40dp"
             android:layout_height="40dp"
             android:layout_marginLeft="5dip"
             android:background="@drawable/plus_btn"
             android:text=" " />

        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/chat_content"
            android:textColor="#000000"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="45dip"
            android:background="@anim/edit_text"
            android:layout_weight="1.0"
            android:hint="请输入内容"
            android:inputType="textWebEditText"
            android:text="" />

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/chat_sendbtn"
            android:layout_marginLeft="5dip"
            android:background="@drawable/button"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="45dip"
            android:text=" 发送 " />

</LinearLayout>

其效果如图所示

至此，我们的布局文件算是完成了。接下来，我们需要定义三个Fragment来关联这三个碎片布局

1，抬头

FragChatTitle.java

package com.sanliao.eim.activity.im;

import com.sanliao.eim.R;
import com.sanliao.eim.manager.ContacterManager;
import com.sanliao.eim.manager.XmppConnectionManager;
import com.sanliao.eim.model.User;
import com.sanliao.eim.util.StringUtil;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.Fragment;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.ImageButton;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class FragChatTitle extends Fragment {
	
	private final static String TAG="FragChatTitle";
	NewChatActivity activity=null;
	private ImageView titleBack;//返回按钮
	private TextView tvChatTitle;//对话用户名
	private ImageButton userInfo;//用户信息按钮
	private User user;// 聊天人
	private String to_name;


	@Override  
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
        Log.d(TAG, "onCreateView");  
        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.frag_chat_title_layout, container, false);  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void onAttach(Activity activity) {  
        super.onAttach(activity);  
        Log.d(TAG, "onAttach");  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
        Log.d(TAG, "onCreate");  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
        super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);  
        Log.d(TAG, "onActivityCreated");  
        activity=(NewChatActivity)getActivity();//获得所在activity，并转为newchatactivity
        //返回按钮
    	titleBack = (ImageView) getActivity().findViewById(R.id.title_back);
		titleBack.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				getActivity().finish();
			}
		});
		tvChatTitle = (TextView) getActivity().findViewById(R.id.to_chat_name);
		user = ContacterManager.getByUserJid(activity.getTo(), XmppConnectionManager
				.getInstance().getConnection());
		if (null == user) {
			to_name = StringUtil.getUserNameByJid(activity.getTo());
		} else {
			to_name = user.getName() == null ? user.getJID() : user.getName();

		}
		tvChatTitle.setText(to_name);//将用户名设置到title
		//用户信息
		userInfo = (ImageButton)activity. findViewById(R.id.user_info);
		userInfo.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				Intent intent = new Intent();
				intent.setClass(activity, FriendInfoActivity.class);
				startActivity(intent);
			}
		});
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void onStart() {  
        super.onStart();  
        Log.d(TAG, "onStart");  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void onResume() {  
        super.onResume();  
        Log.d(TAG, "onResume");  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void onPause() {  
        super.onPause();  
        Log.d(TAG, "onPause");  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void onStop() {  
        super.onStop();  
        Log.d(TAG, "onStop");  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void onDestroyView() {  
        super.onDestroyView();  
        Log.d(TAG, "onDestroyView");  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void onDestroy() {  
        super.onDestroy();  
        Log.d(TAG, "onDestroy");  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void onDetach() {  
        super.onDetach();  
        Log.d(TAG, "onDetach");  
    }  
	

}

定义聊天记录的Fragment

FragChatHistory.java

package com.sanliao.eim.activity.im;

import java.util.List;

import com.sanliao.eim.R;


import com.sanliao.eim.manager.MessageManager;
import com.sanliao.eim.model.IMMessage;
import com.sanliao.eim.model.User;
import com.sanliao.eim.util.StringUtil;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.Fragment;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class FragChatHistory extends Fragment {

	private final static String TAG="FragChatHistory";
	private MessageListAdapter adapter = null;
	private ListView listView;
	private int recordCount;
	private View listHead;
	private Button listHeadButton;
	private User user;// 聊天人

	private   NewChatActivity  activity=null;


    
	@Override  
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
        Log.d(TAG, "onCreateView");  
        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.frag_history_list_layout, container, false);  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void onAttach(Activity activity) {  
        super.onAttach(activity);  
        Log.d(TAG, "onAttach");  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
        Log.d(TAG, "onCreate");  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
        super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);  
        Log.d(TAG, "onActivityCreated");  
        activity=(NewChatActivity) getActivity();
        
		listView = (ListView) activity.findViewById(R.id.chat_list);
		listView.setCacheColorHint(0);
		adapter = new MessageListAdapter(activity, activity.getMessages(),
				listView);

		// 头

		LayoutInflater mynflater = LayoutInflater.from(activity);
		listHead = mynflater.inflate(R.layout.chatlistheader, null);
		listHeadButton = (Button) listHead.findViewById(R.id.buttonChatHistory);
		listHeadButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				Intent in = new Intent(activity, ChatHistoryActivity.class);
				in.putExtra("to", activity.getTo());
				startActivity(in);
			}
		});
		listView.addHeaderView(listHead);
		listView.setAdapter(adapter);
        
    }  
	 
    @Override  
    public void onStart() {  
        super.onStart();  
        Log.d(TAG, "onStart");  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void onResume() {  
        super.onResume();  
        Log.d(TAG, "onResume");  
        
    	recordCount = MessageManager.getInstance((NewChatActivity)getActivity())
				.getChatCountWithSb(((NewChatActivity)getActivity()).getTo());
		if (recordCount <= 0) {
			listHead.setVisibility(View.GONE);
		} else {
			listHead.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
		}
		adapter.refreshList(((NewChatActivity)getActivity()).getMessages());
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void onPause() {  
        super.onPause();  
        Log.d(TAG, "onPause");  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void onStop() {  
        super.onStop();  
        Log.d(TAG, "onStop");  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void onDestroyView() {  
        super.onDestroyView();  
        Log.d(TAG, "onDestroyView");  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void onDestroy() {  
        super.onDestroy();  
        Log.d(TAG, "onDestroy");  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void onDetach() {  
        super.onDetach();  
        Log.d(TAG, "onDetach");  
    }  

	public MessageListAdapter  getAdapter()
	{
	 	return adapter ;
	}
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    public class MessageListAdapter extends BaseAdapter {

		private List<IMMessage> items;
		private Context context;
		private ListView adapterList;
		private LayoutInflater inflater;

		public MessageListAdapter(Context context, List<IMMessage> items,
				ListView adapterList) {
			this.context = context;
			this.items = items;
			this.adapterList = adapterList;
		}

		public void refreshList(List<IMMessage> items) {
			this.items = items;
			this.notifyDataSetChanged();
			adapterList.setSelection(items.size() - 1);
		}

		@Override
		public int getCount() {
			return items == null ? 0 : items.size();
		}

		@Override
		public Object getItem(int position) {
			return items.get(position);
		}

		@Override
		public long getItemId(int position) {
			return position;
		}


		@Override
		public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
			inflater = (LayoutInflater) context
					.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
			IMMessage message = items.get(position);
			if (message.getMsgType() == 0) {
				convertView = this.inflater.inflate(
						R.layout.formclient_chat_in, null);
			} else {
				convertView = this.inflater.inflate(
						R.layout.formclient_chat_out, null);
			}
			TextView useridView = (TextView) convertView
					.findViewById(R.id.formclient_row_userid);
			TextView dateView = (TextView) convertView
					.findViewById(R.id.formclient_row_date);
			TextView msgView = (TextView) convertView
					.findViewById(R.id.formclient_row_msg);
			if (message.getMsgType() == 0) {
				if (null == user) {
					useridView.setText(StringUtil.getUserNameByJid(((NewChatActivity)getActivity()).to));
				} else {
					useridView.setText(user.getName());
				}

			} else {
				useridView.setText("我");
			}
			dateView.setText(message.getTime());
			msgView.setText(message.getContent());
			return convertView;
		}

	}

    
    
    
}

定义底部Fragment

FragChatBottom.java

package com.sanliao.eim.activity.im;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.Fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Toast;

import com.sanliao.eim.R;

public class FragChatBottom extends Fragment {
	private final static String TAG="FragChatBottom";
	private EditText messageInput = null;
	private Button messageSendBtn = null;

	@Override  
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
        Log.d(TAG, "onCreateView");  
        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.frag_chat_bottom_layout, container, false);  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void onAttach(Activity activity) {  
        super.onAttach(activity);  
        Log.d(TAG, "onAttach");  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
        Log.d(TAG, "onCreate");  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
        super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);  
        Log.d(TAG, "onActivityCreated");  
        messageInput = (EditText) getActivity().findViewById(R.id.chat_content);
		messageSendBtn = (Button) getActivity().findViewById(R.id.chat_sendbtn);
		messageSendBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				String message = messageInput.getText().toString();
				if ("".equals(message)) {
					Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "不能为空",
							Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
				} else {

					try {
						((NewChatActivity)getActivity()).sendMessage(message);
						messageInput.setText("");
					} catch (Exception e) {
						((NewChatActivity)getActivity()).showToast("信息发送失败");
						messageInput.setText(message);
					}
					((NewChatActivity)getActivity()).closeInput();
				}
			}
		});
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void onStart() {  
        super.onStart();  
        Log.d(TAG, "onStart");  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void onResume() {  
        super.onResume();  
        Log.d(TAG, "onResume");  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void onPause() {  
        super.onPause();  
        Log.d(TAG, "onPause");  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void onStop() {  
        super.onStop();  
        Log.d(TAG, "onStop");  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void onDestroyView() {  
        super.onDestroyView();  
        Log.d(TAG, "onDestroyView");  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void onDestroy() {  
        super.onDestroy();  
        Log.d(TAG, "onDestroy");  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void onDetach() {  
        super.onDetach();  
        Log.d(TAG, "onDetach");  
    }  
	
	
	
}

最后，我们需要在NewChatActivity中将这三个Fragment组装起来。

NewChat.java

package com.sanliao.eim.activity.im;

import java.util.List;

import org.jivesoftware.smackx.InitStaticCode;

import com.sanliao.eim.R;
import com.sanliao.eim.model.IMMessage;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;

public class NewChatActivity extends  AChatActivity{
	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.new_chat_layout);
		
		init();
		
	}
	
	public void init()
	{
		FragChatTitle fragChatTitle = new FragChatTitle();  
        getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().replace(R.id.chat_title_layout,fragChatTitle).commit();  
        FragChatHistory fragChatHistory=new FragChatHistory();
       getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().replace(R.id.chat_history_layout,fragChatHistory).commit();  
        FragChatBottom fragChatBottom=new FragChatBottom();
        getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().replace(R.id.chat_bottom_layout,fragChatBottom).commit();  
	}

	@Override
	protected void receiveNewMessage(IMMessage message) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	protected void refreshMessage(List<IMMessage> messages) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		FragChatHistory fragment = (FragChatHistory ) getFragmentManager().findFragmentById(R.id.chat_history_layout);
		fragment.getAdapter().refreshList(messages);
 
		
	}


}

对于这个类，大家看到了它继承AchatActivity，关于这个类图结构，大家最好翻阅一下之前的一篇文章：《三僚智能家居软件设计》

http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/minimicall/article/details/38680087