windows快速创建Linux虚拟机

多数人还是使用Windows或者Mac系统做开发，但是很多时候需要有个Linux环境去测试东西，所以需要创建一台或者多台Linux服务器。

我之前一般是使用VM或者VirtualBox去创建，这种方式需要先下载好镜像文件，然后在一步步去创建，这种方式不能麻烦，但是也绝对不简单，经常出现各种莫名其妙的问题。

下面推荐另外一种快速创建Linux或者Windows的方法，那就是利用VirtualBox+vagrant

VirtualBox，Vagrant分别安装。

1.分别安装这两个软件

2.新建目录centos目录

3.通过cmd进入centos目录

4.vagrant --help 查看是否安装vagrant成功

5.vagrant init centos/7 新建一个centos配置(会生成一个Vagrantfile文件，这个是描述这个Linux的配置)

6.vagrant up 开始新建一个centos虚拟机

7.vagrant ssh 登录这台虚拟机

8.sudo yum update 更新系统

9.通过其他链接工具登录虚拟机：

  9.1使用xshell链接测试

  9.2连接账号：vagrant

  9.3连接密码：vagrant

  9.4su到root下密码：vagrant

怎么删除这台Linux呢？

1.退出到cmd

2.vagrant status 查看状态

3.vagrant halt 停掉这台Linux

4.vagrant destroy

5.完成

查找Vagrantfile配置

https://app.vagrantup.com/boxes/search

如果需要建立多台可以多copy几个Vagrantfile放到不同目录，分别 vagrant up 即可。

Vagrantfile 这个文件是这个命令生成的"vagrant init centos/7"

另外可以再vagrant up时候做很多事情，创建docker容器：

参考以下配置：

# -*- mode: ruby -*-
# vi: set ft=ruby :

# All Vagrant configuration is done below. The "2" in Vagrant.configure
# configures the configuration version (we support older styles for
# backwards compatibility). Please don't change it unless you know what
# you're doing.
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  # The most common configuration options are documented and commented below.
  # For a complete reference, please see the online documentation at
  # https://docs.vagrantup.com.

  # Every Vagrant development environment requires a box. You can search for
  # boxes at https://vagrantcloud.com/search.
  config.vm.box = "centos/7"

  # Disable automatic box update checking. If you disable this, then
  # boxes will only be checked for updates when the user runs
  # `vagrant box outdated`. This is not recommended.
  # config.vm.box_check_update = false

  # Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port
  # within the machine from a port on the host machine. In the example below,
  # accessing "localhost:8080" will access port 80 on the guest machine.
  # NOTE: This will enable public access to the opened port
  # config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080

  # Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port
  # within the machine from a port on the host machine and only allow access
  # via 127.0.0.1 to disable public access
  # config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080, host_ip: "127.0.0.1"

  # Create a private network, which allows host-only access to the machine
  # using a specific IP.
  # config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.33.10"

  # Create a public network, which generally matched to bridged network.
  # Bridged networks make the machine appear as another physical device on
  # your network.
  # config.vm.network "public_network"

  # Share an additional folder to the guest VM. The first argument is
  # the path on the host to the actual folder. The second argument is
  # the path on the guest to mount the folder. And the optional third
  # argument is a set of non-required options.
  # config.vm.synced_folder "../data", "/vagrant_data"

  # Provider-specific configuration so you can fine-tune various
  # backing providers for Vagrant. These expose provider-specific options.
  # Example for VirtualBox:
  #
  # config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
  #   # Display the VirtualBox GUI when booting the machine
  #   vb.gui = true
  #
  #   # Customize the amount of memory on the VM:
  #   vb.memory = "1024"
  # end
  #
  # View the documentation for the provider you are using for more
  # information on available options.

  # Enable provisioning with a shell script. Additional provisioners such as
  # Puppet, Chef, Ansible, Salt, and Docker are also available. Please see the
  # documentation for more information about their specific syntax and use.
   config.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
	sudo yum remove docker docker-commondocker-selinuxdocker-engine
	sudo yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
	sudo yum-config-manager -y --add-repo http://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
	sudo yum install -y docker-ce
	sudo systemctl start docker
   SHELL
end

 

这部分是关键：

config.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
    sudo yum remove docker docker-commondocker-selinuxdocker-engine
    sudo yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
    sudo yum-config-manager -y --add-repo http://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
    sudo yum install -y docker-ce
    sudo systemctl start docker
   SHELL

通过这种配置你可以在创建Linux虚拟机时候同时安装很多软件。