Qt编译错误:undefinedreferenceto`vtable for 。。。。'的解决

本文详细记录了解决使用Qt进行多线程编程时遇到的编译错误和信号槽使用不当导致的问题。通过将部分代码拆分为独立的文件,并正确处理信号与槽的连接,最终成功解决编译错误。同时,文中还指出并修正了在发射信号时定义信号函数的错误做法,提供了一个清晰的解决方案。

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今天看1+1=2大牛的Qt文章中关于多线程的部分,于是自己想动手实现一下,没想到遇到这种问题undefinedreferenceto`vtable for 。。。。,蛋疼了一上午,也查了好多资料,那些资料比这个错误还难理解,有兴趣的请看这里http://www.examda.com/ncre2/cpp/fudao/20081219/085036477.html

这个错误是在程序中添加了QOBJECT关键字以后出现的,但是我忽然想起,自己初学Qt时,按着那本官方教科书第二版写程序的时候怎么没遇到过呢,难道是因为我把所有代码都写到main.cpp中的缘故?嗯!就是这样!

整个解决过程如下:


开始我用Qt创建工程Test:在main.cpp中添加代码如下:

#include <QCoreApplication>
#include <QThread>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QObject>

class LongTimeAct: public QObject
{
    Q_OBJECT
public slots:
    void act();
};

class Begin:public QObject
{
    Q_OBJECT
signals:
    void sig();
public:
    void emiting();
};
void LongTimeAct::act()
{
    qDebug()<<"slot---My thread id is :"<<QThread::currentThreadId();
}


void Begin::emiting()
{
    qDebug()<<"sig---my thread id is :"<<QThread::currentThreadId();
    emit sig();
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QCoreApplication a(argc, argv);
    qDebug()<<"main---my thread id is :"<<QThread::currentThreadId();
    QThread thread;
    LongTimeAct act;
    Begin begin;
    act.moveToThread(&thread);
    QObject::connect(&begin,SIGNAL(sig()),&act,SLOT(act()));
    thread.start();
    begin.emiting();
    return a.exec();
}

一编译,便出现了题目中的那个错误,如下图:



于是我便又向工程中添加了一个test.h文件和一个test.cpp文件。然后把main.cpp中的代码分拆到这俩文件中。


test.h中的代码如下:

#ifndef TEST_H
#define TEST_H
#include <QObject>

class LongTimeAct: public QObject
{
    Q_OBJECT
public slots:
    void act();
};

class Begin:public QObject
{
    Q_OBJECT
signals:
    void sig();
public:
    void emiting();
};

#endif // TEST_H



test.cpp中的代码如下:

#include <QThread>
#include <QDebug>
#include "test.h"

void LongTimeAct::act()
{
    qDebug()<<"slot---My thread id is :"<<QThread::currentThreadId();
}


void Begin::emiting()
{
    qDebug()<<"sig---my thread id is :"<<QThread::currentThreadId();
    emit sig();
}

main.cpp中的代码如下:
#include <QCoreApplication>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QThread>
#include "test.h"

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QCoreApplication a(argc, argv);
    qDebug()<<"main---my thread id is :"<<QThread::currentThreadId();
    QThread thread;
    LongTimeAct act;
    Begin begin;
    act.moveToThread(&thread);
    QObject::connect(&begin,SIGNAL(sig()),&act,SLOT(act()));
    thread.start();
    begin.emiting();
    return a.exec();
}



编译以后就成功了!!!!如下图:

可惜的是我只是解决了这个编译错误,但我不知道为什么这样做,因为我查了.pro文件,发现里面除了添加了头文件和cpp文件外跟原来没什么差别。

望路过的大牛指点一下为什么这样子做就可以避免这个编译错误了。不胜感激!

另外还有一点就是我最开始还遇到了collect2:ld returned 1 exit status错误,原因就是我语法不熟,我为了在发射信号时输出一句话自己定义了Begin类中的sig()函数,这个函数是信号函数,只能声明不能自己定义,Qt内部会处理,有关信号和槽的问题,详见http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/michealtx/article/details/6858784。要把它那句输出放到发射sig()信号的emiting()函数中emit sig();前面,详见test.cpp中的emiting()函数,如下代码是错误的:

void Begin::sig()
{
    qDebug()<<"sig---my thread id is :"<<QThread::currentThreadId();
}






                
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最新发布
07-02
<think>我们正在处理一个LaTeX编译错误,具体错误信息是:"Runaway argumentmanuscript.texFile endedwhile scanninguse ofcaption@xdblarg"根据引用[1]中的信息,类似错误(如\@xdblarge)通常是由于括号不匹配造成的,比如缺少花括号{或},或者错误地使用了圆括号)。错误信息中提到了`caption@xdblarg`,这通常与`\caption`命令有关。在LaTeX中,`\caption`命令用于为图表等添加标题。这个错误可能是由于在`\caption`命令中括号不匹配导致的。 具体到错误信息:"Fileended whilescanning useof caption@xdblarg",它表示在扫描`caption@xdblarg`(即处理`\caption`命令的参数)时,文件意外结束。这通常意味着在`\caption`命令中缺少了闭合的花括号。因此,我们需要检查文档中所有的`\caption`命令,确保每个`\caption`命令的花括号都是匹配的。例如,正确的用法:```latex\caption{这是一个正确的标题}```错误的用法(缺少闭合花括号): ```latex\caption{这是一个错误的标题%缺少闭合花括号``` 另外,也要注意标题内容中是否包含特殊字符(如%、#、$等),这些字符可能需要转义,但通常不会导致括号不匹配的错误。**解决步骤:** 1.在文档中搜索所有的`\caption`命令(可以使用文本编辑器的查找功能)。2.逐一检查每个`\caption`命令,确保每个开括号`{`都有对应的闭括号`}`。 3.特别注意,如果标题很长,跨越多行,要仔细检查括号是否匹配。 4.如果标题中包含嵌套的花括号(如`\caption{标题{子部分}}`),要确保嵌套的花括号也是匹配的。另外,错误信息中提到了`manuscript.tex`,所以应该重点检查这个文件。如果通过检查没有发现明显的括号不匹配,那么可能是其他原因导致,例如文件损坏或者非UTF-8编码的特殊字符。但首先应检查括号匹配问题。 **其他建议:**-按照引用[1]的建议,经常编译,写一段编译一段,这样容易定位错误。 -如果错误仍然存在,可以尝试将出错的`\caption`命令所在的环境(如`figure`或`table`)注释掉,逐步缩小问题范围。**相关问题:**根据用户需求,生成相关问题:1.如何避免LaTeX中的括号不匹配错误?2.LaTeX中`\caption`命令的常见问题有哪些?3.除了括号不匹配,还有哪些原因会导致“File endedwhile scanning”错误? 4.如何高效地调试LaTeX文档中的编译错误?以上问题可以帮助用户深入理解并解决类似错误。</think>### LaTeX编译错误:文件未正确结束(Runaway argument) 您的错误信息`File ended while scanning use of caption@xdblarg`表明**LaTeX在处理`\caption`命令时遇到括号不匹配的问题**。这是LaTeX编译中常见的语法错误,通常由以下原因引起: #### 错误原因分析 1. **括号缺失**(最常见) - `\caption{...}`命令缺少闭合花括号`}` - 示例错误: ```latex \caption{Figure Title % 缺少闭合花括号 ``` - 引用[1]指出:类似错误常因`{`或`}`缺失或错用`)`导致 2. **特殊字符未转义** - 标题中包含`%`、`$`、`&`等特殊字符未用`\`转义: ```latex \caption{Results at 100% efficiency} % 错误:%是注释符 ``` 正确写法: ```latex \caption{Results at 100\% efficiency} ``` 3. **嵌套命令括号不匹配** - 复杂标题中的嵌套命令(如`\textsuperscript`)括号未闭合: ```latex \caption{Comparison\footnote{Data source: NASA} % 缺少两个闭合括号 ``` #### 解决方法 1. **定位问题行** - 检查编译日志,错误会显示类似: ``` ! Runaway argument? {Figure Title \footnote{Note ! File ended while scanning use of \caption@xdblarg. ``` - 定位到`manuscript.tex`中最后一个`\caption`命令 2. **检查括号完整性** - 确保每个`\caption{`有对应的`}` - 使用编辑器括号匹配功能(如VSCode的Bracket Pair Colorizer) 3. **分段排查** - 注释掉疑似代码块,逐步编译(引用[2]推荐方法) - 基础排查命令: ```bash pdflatex manuscript.tex # 首次编译定位错误 ``` 4. **转义特殊字符** - 将标题中的`%`改为`\%`,`_`改为`\_`等 #### 示例修正 错误代码: ```latex \begin{figure} \centering \includegraphics[width=0.8\textwidth]{plot.pdf} \caption{Performance comparison: Model A vs Model B \footnote{Data from 2020-2023} % 缺少闭合括号 \end{figure} ``` 修正后: ```latex \begin{figure} \centering \includegraphics[width=0.8\textwidth]{plot.pdf} \caption{Performance comparison: Model A vs Model B \footnote{Data from 2020-2023}} % 补充闭合括号 \end{figure} ``` > **预防建议**: > - 写代码时立即闭合括号(输入`{`后马上输入`}`再填充内容) > - 使用支持LaTeX语法检查的编辑器(如TeXstudio) > - 频繁编译(每添加1-2个命令编译一次),避免错误累积(引用[1]强调) --- ### 相关问题 1. LaTeX中`\caption`命令支持哪些特殊格式? 2. 如何调试"Undefined control sequence"类LaTeX错误? 3. 表格和图片的标题处理有何不同注意事项? 4. LaTeX文档结构错误(如包声明位置)如何排查?[^3] [^1]: Latex “Error: File ended while scanning use of \@xdblarge [^2]: bibtex报错:! File ended while scanning use of \BR@@lbibitem [^3]: 编译latex源代码,显示错误:LaTeX Error: Can be used only in preamble
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