【Java】知识点：继承及其小案例

原创已于 2022-06-20 16:45:37 修改 · 1.2k 阅读

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于 2021-12-21 09:10:28 首次发布

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本文通过一个Java编程案例介绍了类之间的继承关系。案例定义了Employee、Programmer、Designer和Architect四个类，展示了如何通过继承实现代码复用。每个类都有特定的属性和方法，通过不同级别的继承，子类能够继承父类的特性并添加自己的特性。

知识点：#继承#及其小案例

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1）、在com.soft863.test05.bean包中声明员工类、程序员类、设计师类、架构师类

员工类（Employee）属性：编号、姓名、年龄、手机号码
程序员类（Programmer）属性：编程语言
设计师类（Designer）属性：奖金（bonas）
架构师类（Architect）属性：持有股票数量（stock）
要求：属性私有化，无参有参构造，get/set，getInfo方法（考虑重写）

2)、在包中声明测试类Test02
创建各种类的对象，并测试

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public class Architect extends Designer{
    private int stock;

    public Architect(int id, String name, int age, String phoneNo, String language,int bonas,int stock) {
        super(id,name,age,phoneNo,language,bonas);
        this.stock = stock;
    }

    public Architect() {
    }

    @Override
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    @Override
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    @Override
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    @Override
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    @Override
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String getPhoneNo() {
        return phoneNo;
    }

    @Override
    public void setPhoneNo(String phoneNo) {
        this.phoneNo = phoneNo;
    }

    public int getStock() {
        return stock;
    }

    public void setStock(int stock) {
        this.stock = stock;
    }

    @Override
    public String getinfo() {
        return "Architect{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", phoneNo='" + phoneNo + '\'' +
                ", stock=" + stock +
                '}';
    }


}


public class Designer extends Programmer{
    private int bonas;

    public Designer(int id, String name, int age, String phoneNo, String language,int bonas) {
        super(id,name,age,phoneNo,language);
        this.bonas = bonas;
    }

    public Designer() {

    }

    @Override
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    @Override
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    @Override
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    @Override
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    @Override
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String getPhoneNo() {
        return phoneNo;
    }

    @Override
    public void setPhoneNo(String phoneNo) {
        this.phoneNo = phoneNo;
    }

    public int getBonas() {
        return bonas;
    }

    public void setBonas(int bonas) {
        this.bonas = bonas;
    }

    @Override
    public String getinfo() {
        return "Designer{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", phoneNo='" + phoneNo + '\'' +
                ", bonas=" + bonas +
                '}';
    }
}


public class Employee {
    public int id;
    public String name;
    public int age;
    public String phoneNo;

    public Employee() {
    }

    public Employee(int id, String name, int age, String phoneNo) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.phoneNo = phoneNo;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getPhoneNo() {
        return phoneNo;
    }

    public void setPhoneNo(String phoneNo) {
        this.phoneNo = phoneNo;
    }

    public String getinfo() {
        return "Employee{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", phoneNo=" + phoneNo +
                '}';
    }
}


public class Programmer extends Employee{
    private String language;

    public Programmer(int id, String name, int age, String phoneNo, String language) {
        super(id,name,age,phoneNo);
        this.language = language;
    }

    public Programmer() {
    }

    @Override
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    @Override
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    @Override
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    @Override
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    @Override
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String getPhoneNo() {
        return phoneNo;
    }

    @Override
    public void setPhoneNo(String phoneNo) {
        this.phoneNo = phoneNo;
    }

    public String getLanguage() {
        return language;
    }

    public void setLanguage(String language) {
        this.language = language;
    }


    @Override
    public String getinfo() {
        return "Programmer{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", phoneNo='" + phoneNo + '\'' +
                ", language='" + language + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

text02测试类

public class Test02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Employee employee=new Employee(1,"张三",23,"10086");
        Programmer programmer=new Programmer(2,"李四",24,"10010","java");
        Designer designer=new Designer(3,"王五",25,"114","python",2000);
        Architect architect=new Architect(4,"赵六",26,"110","java",3000,100);

        System.out.println(employee.getinfo());
        System.out.println(programmer.getinfo());
        System.out.println(designer.getinfo());
        System.out.println(architect.getinfo());


    }
}