If you have been searching the web for topics on data science, artifcial intelligence, or machine learning, it is hard to escape headlines on deep learning. Deep learning is a subset of machine learning and excels when dealing with large and complex data, as it can extract complex features with minimal human involvement. Deep learning works well with structured and unstructured data and can be used in supervised, unsupervised, and semi-supervised learning. Several innovations have contributed to its wide adoption, such as the transfer learning technique allowing data scientists to leverage existing pre-trained models, s