442. Find All Duplicates in an Array。

本文介绍了在不使用额外空间且运行时间为O(n)的情况下,找出数组中所有出现两次的元素的方法。首先通过使用set来收集重复项,其次利用数组元素特性通过修改原数组标识重复元素。

摘要生成于 C知道 ,由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持, 前往体验 >

Given an array of integers, 1 ≤ a[i] ≤ n (n = size of array), some elements appear twice and others appear once.

Find all the elements that appear twice in this array.

Could you do it without extra space and in O(n) runtime?

Example:

Input:
[4,3,2,7,8,2,3,1]

Output:
[2,3]


题中说给一个整型数组,数组的范围为:1 <= a[i] <= n (这个n,就是数组的长度),然后数组中有一些元素出现两次,有一些出现一次,让我们找出出现两次的元素。

比较简单的一种做法就是用一个set,遍历数组并与set中的元素进行比较,如果set中没有该数组元素,就将数组元素放进去,如果有了就说明重复了,将其加到数组中最后返回即可。

class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> findDuplicates(vector<int>& nums) {
        unordered_set<int> target;
        vector<int> res;

        for(int i=0;i<nums.size();i++) {
            if(target.find(nums[i]) == target.end()) {//如果此刻该set中不存在该数字,则存放一个数字
                target.insert(nums[i]);
            } else {
                res.push_back(nums[i]);
            }
        }
        return res;
    }
};

另一种做法就是利用题中的隐含条件: 1 <= a[i] <= n (这个n,就是数组的长度),从这个条件中我们可以得到数组中的任何一个数字都要比数组的长度小或等于。

比如例子中的数组长度为8,那么数组中的元素最大值就是8。利用这一点我们可以换个思维来考虑,如果说数组中的任何元素都要小于或者等于数组的长度,那么数组中的任何元素减去1之后得到的数字正好在数组的下标之间,减去1之后,数组中的元素范围就成了:0<= a[i] <= n-1,这代表这减去1之后的数字,如果用来做原来数组的下标的话是不可能溢出的。所以我们可以遍历原来的数组,分别取出每个元素并减1,然后用得到的数字作为下标去数组中找到对应的位置,如果这个元素在数组中只出现一次,那么该元素对应的下标就只会被访问一次(除了循环遍历的那一次),相反如果这个元素在数组中出现了两次,那么该元素对应的下标就会被访问两次。

例如例子中的第一个元素:4,减去1之后对应的3作为下标,这时去访问数组中下标为3的位置,而且只会访问一次。如果是例子中的第二个数:3,减去1之后对应的2作为下标,这时去访问数组中下标为2的位置,并且在例子的七个元素也是3,减去1之后也会去访问数组中下标为2的位置。那么下标为2的位置就会被访问两次。

我么可以利用这个特点来解题,在遍历的时候取出每个元素减去1之后,拿着这个数字作为下标去数组中找到对应的位置,并且将对应位置中的数字变为负数,这样如果没有重复的话,这个负数是不会被其他下标访问到的,如果有重复的话第二次访问就会发现这个位置对应元素为负数,此刻就能说明重复了。但是有一点就是如果将数组中的元素变成负数的话,就不能正常遍历了,毕竟负数不能做为数组下标,所以此刻就可以将元素取绝对值。

举个例子:数组 [1,3,1] ,依次遍历:
第一次取出:1,减去1之后得到0,将0作为下标去访问数组中的元素,数组中下标为0的元素为1,我们将其变为负数:-1.

第二次取出:3,减去1之后得到2,将2作为下标去访问数组中的元素,数组中下标为2的元素为1,我们将其变为负数:-1.

第三次取出:1(取绝对值),减去1之后得到0,将0作为下标去访问数组中的元素,数组中下标为0的元素,发现此刻的元素为负数:-1,说明这个之前就被访问过了,说明此刻这个元素已经有了重复值。


class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> findDuplicates(vector<int>& nums) {
        vector<int> res;
        for(int n: nums) {
            n = abs(n);
            if(nums[n-1] > 0) {
                nums[n-1] = -nums[n-1];
            } else {
                res.push_back(n);
            }
        }
        return res;
    }
};
修改脚本project.py内容: import numpy as np import pandas as pd import multiprocessing import datetime from ptm_pose import pose_config, helpers from ptm_pose import flanking_sequences as fs from tqdm import tqdm def find_ptms_in_region(ptm_coordinates, chromosome, strand, start, end, gene = None, coordinate_type = 'hg38'): """ Given an genomic region in either hg38 or hg19 coordinates (such as the region encoding an exon of interest), identify PTMs that are mapped to that region. If so, return the exon number. If none are found, return np.nan. Parameters ---------- chromosome: str chromosome where region is located strand: int DNA strand for region is found on (1 for forward, -1 for reverse) start: int start position of region on the chromosome/strand (should always be less than end) end: int end position of region on the chromosome/strand (should always be greater than start) coordinate_type: str indicates the coordinate system used for the start and end positions. Either hg38 or hg19. Default is 'hg38'. Returns ------- ptms_in_region: pandas.DataFrame dataframe containing all PTMs found in the region. If no PTMs are found, returns np.nan. """ #restrict to PTMs on the same chromosome and strand ptms_in_region = ptm_coordinates[(ptm_coordinates['Chromosome/scaffold name'] == chromosome) & (ptm_coordinates['Strand'] == strand)].copy() if coordinate_type in ['hg18', 'hg19','hg38']: loc_col = f'Gene Location ({coordinate_type})' else: raise ValueError('Coordinate type must be hg38 or hg19') #check to make sure the start value is less than the end coordinate. If it is not, treat the end coordinate as the start and the start coordinate as the end if start < end: ptms_in_region = ptms_in_region[(ptms_in_region[loc_col] >= start) & (ptms_in_region[loc_col] <= end)] else: ptms_in_region = ptms_in_region[(ptms_in_region[loc_col] <= start) & (ptms_in_region[loc_col] >= end)] #extract only PTM information from dataframe and return that and list (if not ptms, return empty dataframe) if not ptms_in_region.empty: #grab uniprot id and residue ptms_in_region = ptms_in_region[['Source of PTM', 'UniProtKB Accession','Isoform ID', 'Isoform Type', 'Residue', 'PTM Position in Isoform', loc_col, 'Modification', 'Modification Class', 'Canonical Flanking Sequence', 'Constitutive', 'MS_LIT', 'MS_CST', 'LT_LIT', 'Compendia', 'Number of Compendia']] #check if ptm is associated with the same gene (if info is provided). if not, do not add if gene is not None: for i, row in ptms_in_region.iterrows(): #if ';' in row['UniProtKB Accession']: # uni_ids = row['UniProtKB Accession'].split(';') # remove = True # for uni in uni_ids: # if row['UniProtKB Accession'] in pose_config.uniprot_to_genename: # if gene in pose_config.uniprot_to_genename[uni.split('-')[0]].split(' '): # remove = False # break # if remove: # ptms_in_region.drop(i) if row['UniProtKB Accession'] in pose_config.uniprot_to_genename: if gene not in pose_config.uniprot_to_genename[row['UniProtKB Accession']].split(' '): ptms_in_region = ptms_in_region.drop(i) else: ptms_in_region = ptms_in_region.drop(i) #make sure ptms still are present after filtering if ptms_in_region.empty: return pd.DataFrame() else: ptms_in_region.insert(0, 'Gene', gene) #calculate proximity to region start and end ptms_in_region['Proximity to Region Start (bp)'] = (ptms_in_region[loc_col] - start).abs() ptms_in_region['Proximity to Region End (bp)'] = (ptms_in_region[loc_col] - end).abs() ptms_in_region['Proximity to Splice Boundary (bp)'] = ptms_in_region.apply(lambda x: min(x['Proximity to Region Start (bp)'], x['Proximity to Region End (bp)']), axis = 1) return ptms_in_region else: return pd.DataFrame() def convert_strand_symbol(strand): """ Given DNA strand information, make sure the strand information is in integer format (1 for forward, -1 for reverse). This is intended to convert from string format ('+' or '-') to integer format (1 or -1), but will return the input if it is already in integer format. Parameters ---------- strand: str or int DNA strand information, either as a string ('+' or '-') or an integer (1 or -1) Returns ------- int DNA strand information as an integer (1 for forward, -1 for reverse) """ if isinstance(strand, str): if strand == '+' or strand == '1': return 1 elif strand == '-' or strand == '-1': return -1 else: return strand def find_ptms_in_many_regions(region_data, ptm_coordinates, annotate_original_df = True, chromosome_col = 'chr', strand_col = 'strand', region_start_col = 'exonStart_0base', region_end_col = 'exonEnd', gene_col = None, dPSI_col = None, sig_col = None, event_id_col = None, extra_cols = None, coordinate_type = 'hg38', start_coordinate_system = '1-based', end_coordinate_system = '1-based', separate_modification_types = False, taskbar_label = None): """ Given a dataframe with a unique region in each row, project PTMs onto the regions. Assumes that the region data will have chromosome, strand, and genomic start/end positions, and each row corresponds to a unique region. Parameters ---------- ptm_coordinates: pandas.DataFrame dataframe containing PTM information, including chromosome, strand, and genomic location of PTMs region_data: pandas.DataFrame dataframe containing region information, including chromosome, strand, and genomic location of regions of interest chromosome_col: str column name in splice_data that contains chromosome information. Default is 'chr'. Expects it to be a str with only the chromosome number: 'Y', '1', '2', etc. strand_col: str column name in splice_data that contains strand information. Default is 'strand'. Expects it to be a str with '+' or '-', or integers as 1 or -1. Will convert to integers automatically if string format is provided. region_start_col: str column name in splice_data that contains the start position of the region of interest. Default is 'exonStart_0base'. region_end_col: str column name in splice_data that contains the end position of the region of interest. Default is 'exonEnd'. gene_col: str column name in splice_data that contains the gene name. If provided, will be used to make sure the projected PTMs stem from the same gene (some cases where genomic coordiantes overlap between distinct genes). Default is None. event_id_col: str column name in splice_data that contains the unique identifier for the splice event. If provided, will be used to annotate the ptm information with the specific splice event ID. Default is None. coordinate_type: str indicates the coordinate system used for the start and end positions. Either hg38 or hg19. Default is 'hg38'. separate_modification_types: bool Indicate whether to store PTM sites with multiple modification types as multiple rows. For example, if a site at K100 was both an acetylation and methylation site, these will be separated into unique rows with the same site number but different modification types. Default is True. taskbar_label: str Label to display in the tqdm progress bar. Default is None, which will automatically state "Projecting PTMs onto regions using ----- coordinates". Returns ------- spliced_ptm_info: pandas.DataFrame Contains the PTMs identified across the different splice events splice_data: pandas.DataFrame dataframe containing the original splice data with an additional column 'PTMs' that contains the PTMs found in the region of interest, in the format of 'SiteNumber(ModificationType)'. If no PTMs are found, the value will be np.nan. """ if taskbar_label is None: taskbar_label = 'Projecting PTMs onto regions using ' + coordinate_type + ' coordinates.' if region_data[chromosome_col].str.contains('chr').any(): region_data[chromosome_col] = region_data[chromosome_col].str.strip('chr') spliced_ptm_info = [] spliced_ptms_list = [] num_ptms_affected = [] num_unique_ptm_sites = [] #copy region_data = region_data.copy() #iterate through each row of the splice data and find PTMs in the region for index, row in tqdm(region_data.iterrows(), total = len(region_data), desc = taskbar_label): #grab region information from row chromosome = row[chromosome_col] strand = convert_strand_symbol(row[strand_col]) start = row[region_start_col] end = row[region_end_col] #only provide these if column is given gene = row[gene_col] if gene_col is not None else None #adjust region coordinates if needed (make sure in 1-based coordinate system) if start_coordinate_system == '0-based': start += 1 elif start_coordinate_system != '1-based': raise ValueError("Start coordinate system must be either '0-based' or '1-based'") if end_coordinate_system == '0-based': end += 1 elif end_coordinate_system != '1-based': raise ValueError("End coordinate system must be either '0-based' or '1-based'") #project ptms onto region ptms_in_region = find_ptms_in_region(ptm_coordinates, chromosome, strand, start, end, gene = gene, coordinate_type = coordinate_type) extra_info = {} #add additional context from splice data, if indicated extra_info = {} if event_id_col is not None: extra_info['Region ID'] = row[event_id_col] if dPSI_col is not None: extra_info['dPSI'] = row[dPSI_col] if sig_col is not None: extra_info['Significance'] = row[sig_col] if extra_cols is not None: for col in extra_cols: extra_info[col] = row[col] #add extra info to ptms_in_region ptms_in_region = pd.concat([pd.DataFrame(extra_info, index = ptms_in_region.index), ptms_in_region], axis = 1) #if desired, add ptm information to the original splice event dataframe if annotate_original_df: if not ptms_in_region.empty: #split and separate unique modification types if separate_modification_types: ptms_in_region['Modification Class'] = ptms_in_region['Modification Class'].str.split(';') ptms_in_region = ptms_in_region.explode('Modification Class') ptms_info = ptms_in_region.apply(lambda x: x['UniProtKB Accession'] + '_' + x['Residue'] + str(x['PTM Position in Isoform']) + ' (' + x['Modification Class'] + ')', axis = 1) ptms_str = '/'.join(ptms_info.values) spliced_ptms_list.append(ptms_str) num_ptms_affected.append(ptms_in_region.shape[0]) num_unique_ptm_sites.append(ptms_in_region.groupby(['UniProtKB Accession', 'Residue', 'PTM Position in Isoform']).size().shape[0]) else: spliced_ptms_list.append(np.nan) num_ptms_affected.append(0) num_unique_ptm_sites.append(0) spliced_ptm_info.append(ptms_in_region.copy()) #combine all PTM information spliced_ptm_info = pd.concat(spliced_ptm_info, ignore_index = True) #convert ptm position to float if spliced_ptm_info.shape[0] > 0: spliced_ptm_info['PTM Position in Isoform'] = spliced_ptm_info['PTM Position in Isoform'].astype(float) #add ptm info to original splice event dataframe if annotate_original_df: region_data['PTMs'] = spliced_ptms_list region_data['Number of PTMs Affected'] = num_ptms_affected region_data['Number of Unique PTM Sites by Position'] = num_unique_ptm_sites region_data['Event Length'] = (region_data[region_end_col] - region_data[region_start_col]).abs() region_data['PTM Density (PTMs/bp)'] = (region_data['Number of Unique PTM Sites by Position']*3)/region_data['Event Length'] #multiply by 3 to convert aa to bp (3 bp per codon) return region_data, spliced_ptm_info def project_ptms_onto_splice_events(splice_data, annotate_original_df = True, chromosome_col = 'chr', strand_col = 'strand', region_start_col = 'exonStart_0base', region_end_col = 'exonEnd', dPSI_col = None, sig_col = None, event_id_col = None, gene_col = None, extra_cols = None, separate_modification_types = False, coordinate_type = 'hg38', start_coordinate_system = '1-based', end_coordinate_system = '1-based', taskbar_label = None, ptm_coordinates = None,PROCESSES = 1, **kwargs): """ Given splice event quantification data, project PTMs onto the regions impacted by the splice events. Assumes that the splice event data will have chromosome, strand, and genomic start/end positions for the regions of interest, and each row of the splice_event_data corresponds to a unique region. Important note: PTM-POSE relies on Ensembl based coordinates (1-based), so if the coordinates are 0-based, make sure to indicate using the start_coordinate_system and end_coordinate_system parameters. For example, rMATS uses 0-based for the start coordinates, but 1-based for the end coordinates. In this case, set start_coordinate_system = '0-based' and end_coordinate_system = '1-based'. Parameters ---------- splice_data: pandas.DataFrame dataframe containing splice event information, including chromosome, strand, and genomic location of regions of interest ptm_coordinates: pandas.DataFrame dataframe containing PTM information, including chromosome, strand, and genomic location of PTMs. If none, it will pull from the config file. chromosome_col: str column name in splice_data that contains chromosome information. Default is 'chr'. Expects it to be a str with only the chromosome number: 'Y', '1', '2', etc. strand_col: str column name in splice_data that contains strand information. Default is 'strand'. Expects it to be a str with '+' or '-', or integers as 1 or -1. Will convert to integers automatically if string format is provided. region_start_col: str column name in splice_data that contains the start position of the region of interest. Default is 'exonStart_0base'. region_end_col: str column name in splice_data that contains the end position of the region of interest. Default is 'exonEnd'. event_id_col: str column name in splice_data that contains the unique identifier for the splice event. If provided, will be used to annotate the ptm information with the specific splice event ID. Default is None. gene_col: str column name in splice_data that contains the gene name. If provided, will be used to make sure the projected PTMs stem from the same gene (some cases where genomic coordiantes overlap between distinct genes). Default is None. dPSI_col: str column name in splice_data that contains the delta PSI value for the splice event. Default is None, which will not include this information in the output sig_col: str column name in splice_data that contains the significance value for the splice event. Default is None, which will not include this information in the output. extra_cols: list list of additional columns to include in the output dataframe. Default is None, which will not include any additional columns. coordinate_type: str indicates the coordinate system used for the start and end positions. Either hg38 or hg19. Default is 'hg38'. start_coordinate_system: str indicates the coordinate system used for the start position. Either '0-based' or '1-based'. Default is '1-based'. end_coordinate_system: str indicates the coordinate system used for the end position. Either '0-based' or '1-based'. Default is '1-based'. separate_modification_types: bool Indicate whether to store PTM sites with multiple modification types as multiple rows. For example, if a site at K100 was both an acetylation and methylation site, these will be separated into unique rows with the same site number but different modification types. Default is True. taskbar_label: str Label to display in the tqdm progress bar. Default is None, which will automatically state "Projecting PTMs onto regions using ----- coordinates". PROCESSES: int Number of processes to use for multiprocessing. Default is 1 (single processing) **kwargs: additional keyword arguments Additional keyword arguments to pass to the find_ptms_in_many_regions function, which will be fed into the `filter_ptms()` function from the helper module. These will be used to filter ptms with lower evidence. For example, if you want to filter PTMs based on the number of MS observations, you can add 'min_MS_observations = 2' to the kwargs. This will filter out any PTMs that have less than 2 MS observations. See the `filter_ptms()` function for more options. Returns ------- spliced_ptm_info: pandas.DataFrame Contains the PTMs identified across the different splice events splice_data: pandas.DataFrame dataframe containing the original splice data with an additional column 'PTMs' that contains the PTMs found in the region of interest, in the format of 'SiteNumber(ModificationType)'. If no PTMs are found, the value will be np.nan. """ #load ptm data from config if not provided if ptm_coordinates is None: ptm_coordinates = pose_config.ptm_coordinates.copy() #check for any keyword arguments to use for filtering if kwargs: filter_arguments = helpers.extract_filter_kwargs(**kwargs) #check any excess unused keyword arguments, report them helpers.check_filter_kwargs(filter_arguments) #filter ptm coordinates file to include only ptms with desired evidence ptm_coordinates = helpers.filter_ptms(ptm_coordinates, **filter_arguments) if taskbar_label is None: taskbar_label = 'Projecting PTMs onto splice events using ' + coordinate_type + ' coordinates.' #copy splice_data = splice_data.copy() #check columns to make sure they are present and correct data type check_columns(splice_data, chromosome_col=chromosome_col, strand_col=strand_col, region_start_col=region_start_col, region_end_col=region_end_col, dPSI_col=dPSI_col, sig_col=sig_col, event_id_col=event_id_col, gene_col=gene_col, extra_cols=extra_cols) if PROCESSES == 1: splice_data, spliced_ptm_info = find_ptms_in_many_regions(splice_data, ptm_coordinates, annotate_original_df = annotate_original_df, chromosome_col = chromosome_col, strand_col = strand_col, region_start_col = region_start_col, region_end_col = region_end_col, dPSI_col = dPSI_col, sig_col = sig_col, event_id_col = event_id_col, gene_col = gene_col, extra_cols = extra_cols, coordinate_type = coordinate_type,start_coordinate_system=start_coordinate_system, end_coordinate_system=end_coordinate_system, taskbar_label = taskbar_label, separate_modification_types=separate_modification_types) elif PROCESSES > 1: #check num_cpus available, if greater than number of cores - 1 (to avoid freezing machine), then set to PROCESSES to 1 less than total number of cores num_cores = multiprocessing.cpu_count() if PROCESSES > num_cores - 1: PROCESSES = num_cores - 1 #split dataframe into chunks equal to PROCESSES splice_data_split = np.array_split(splice_data, PROCESSES) pool = multiprocessing.Pool(PROCESSES) #run with multiprocessing results = pool.starmap(find_ptms_in_many_regions, [(splice_data_split[i], ptm_coordinates, annotate_original_df, chromosome_col, strand_col, region_start_col, region_end_col, gene_col, dPSI_col, sig_col, event_id_col, extra_cols, coordinate_type, start_coordinate_system, end_coordinate_system, separate_modification_types, taskbar_label) for i in range(PROCESSES)]) splice_data = pd.concat([res[0] for res in results]) spliced_ptm_info = pd.concat([res[1] for res in results]) #raise ValueError('Multiprocessing not yet functional. Please set PROCESSES = 1.') print(f'PTMs projection successful ({spliced_ptm_info.shape[0]} identified).\n') return splice_data, spliced_ptm_info def project_ptms_onto_MATS(SE_events = None, A5SS_events = None, A3SS_events = None, RI_events = None, MXE_events = None, coordinate_type = 'hg38', identify_flanking_sequences = False, dPSI_col = 'meanDeltaPSI', sig_col = 'FDR', extra_cols = None, separate_modification_types = False, PROCESSES = 1,ptm_coordinates = None, **kwargs): """ Given splice quantification from the MATS algorithm, annotate with PTMs that are found in the differentially included regions. Parameters ---------- ptm_coordinates: pandas.DataFrame dataframe containing PTM information, including chromosome, strand, and genomic location of PTMs SE_events: pandas.DataFrame dataframe containing skipped exon event information from MATS A5SS_events: pandas.DataFrame dataframe containing 5' alternative splice site event information from MATS A3SS_events: pandas.DataFrame dataframe containing 3' alternative splice site event information from MATS RI_events: pandas.DataFrame dataframe containing retained intron event information from MATS MXE_events: pandas.DataFrame dataframe containing mutually exclusive exon event information from MATS coordinate_type: str indicates the coordinate system used for the start and end positions. Either hg38 or hg19. Default is 'hg38'. dPSI_col: str Column name indicating delta PSI value. Default is 'meanDeltaPSI'. sig_col: str Column name indicating significance of the event. Default is 'FDR'. extra_cols: list List of column names for additional information to add to the results. Default is None. separate_modification_types: bool Indicate whether residues with multiple modifications (i.e. phosphorylation and acetylation) should be treated as separate PTMs and be placed in unique rows of the output dataframe. Default is False. PROCESSES: int Number of processes to use for multiprocessing. Default is 1. **kwargs: additional keyword arguments Additional keyword arguments to pass to the find_ptms_in_many_regions function, which will be fed into the `filter_ptms()` function from the helper module. These will be used to filter ptms with lower evidence. For example, if you want to filter PTMs based on the number of MS observations, you can add 'min_MS_observations = 2' to the kwargs. This will filter out any PTMs that have less than 2 MS observations. See the `filter_ptms()` function for more options. """ #load ptm data from config if not provided if ptm_coordinates is None: ptm_coordinates = pose_config.ptm_coordinates.copy() #check for any keyword arguments to use for filtering if kwargs: filter_arguments = helpers.extract_filter_kwargs(**kwargs) #check any excess unused keyword arguments, report them helpers.check_filter_kwargs(filter_arguments) #filter ptm coordinates file to include only ptms with desired evidence ptm_coordinates = helpers.filter_ptms(ptm_coordinates, **filter_arguments) print(f'Projecting PTMs onto MATS splice events using {coordinate_type} coordinates.') #reformat chromosome name format spliced_events = {} spliced_flanks = [] spliced_ptms = [] if SE_events is not None: if SE_events['chr'].str.contains('chr').any(): SE_events['chr'] = SE_events['chr'].apply(lambda x: x[3:]) SE_events['AS ID'] = "SE_" + SE_events.index.astype(str) #check to make sure there is enough information to do multiprocessing if that is desired if PROCESSES*4 > SE_events.shape[0]: SE_processes = 1 else: SE_processes = PROCESSES spliced_events['SE'], SE_ptms = project_ptms_onto_splice_events(SE_events, annotate_original_df=True, ptm_coordinates = ptm_coordinates, chromosome_col = 'chr', strand_col = 'strand', region_start_col = 'exonStart_0base', region_end_col = 'exonEnd', dPSI_col=dPSI_col, sig_col = sig_col, gene_col = 'geneSymbol', event_id_col = 'AS ID', extra_cols = extra_cols, coordinate_type=coordinate_type, start_coordinate_system='0-based', taskbar_label = "Skipped Exon events", separate_modification_types=separate_modification_types, PROCESSES = SE_processes) SE_ptms['Event Type'] = 'SE' spliced_ptms.append(SE_ptms) if identify_flanking_sequences: print('Identifying flanking sequences for skipped exon events.') if 'upstreamES' in SE_events.columns: first_flank_start_col = 'upstreamES' first_flank_end_col = 'upstreamEE' second_flank_start_col = 'downstreamES' second_flank_end_col = 'downstreamEE' elif 'firstFlankingES' in SE_events.columns: first_flank_start_col = 'firstFlankingES' first_flank_end_col = 'firstFlankingEE' second_flank_start_col = 'secondFlankingES' second_flank_end_col = 'secondFlankingEE' else: raise ValueError('Could not find flanking sequence columns in skipped exon event data, based on what is typically outputted by MATS. Please check column names and provide the appropriate columns for the first and second flanking sequences') SE_flanks = fs.get_flanking_changes_from_splice_data(SE_events, ptm_coordinates, chromosome_col = 'chr', strand_col = 'strand', spliced_region_start_col = 'exonStart_0base', spliced_region_end_col = 'exonEnd', first_flank_start_col = first_flank_start_col, first_flank_end_col = first_flank_end_col, second_flank_start_col = second_flank_start_col, second_flank_end_col = second_flank_end_col, dPSI_col=dPSI_col, sig_col = sig_col, gene_col = 'geneSymbol', event_id_col = 'AS ID', extra_cols = extra_cols, coordinate_type=coordinate_type, start_coordinate_system='0-based') SE_flanks['Event Type'] = 'SE' spliced_flanks.append(SE_flanks) else: print('Skipped exon event data (SE_events) not provided, skipping') if A5SS_events is not None: if A5SS_events['chr'].str.contains('chr').any(): A5SS_events['chr'] = A5SS['chr'].apply(lambda x: x[3:]) #set the relevent start and end regions of the spliced out region, which are different depending on the strand region_start = [] region_end = [] first_flank_start = [] first_flank_end = [] second_flank_end = [] second_flank_start = [] for i, row in A5SS_events.iterrows(): strand = row['strand'] if strand == '+': region_start.append(row['shortEE']) region_end.append(row['longExonEnd']) if identify_flanking_sequences: first_flank_start.append(row['shortES']) first_flank_end.append(row['shortEE']) second_flank_start.append(row['flankingES']) second_flank_end.append(row['flankingEE']) else: region_start.append(row['longExonStart_0base']) region_end.append(row['shortES']) if identify_flanking_sequences: second_flank_start.append(row['shortES']) second_flank_end.append(row['shortEE']) first_flank_start.append(row['flankingES']) first_flank_end.append(row['flankingEE']) A5SS_events['event_start'] = region_start A5SS_events['event_end'] = region_end if identify_flanking_sequences: A5SS_events['first_flank_start'] = first_flank_start A5SS_events['first_flank_end'] = first_flank_end A5SS_events['second_flank_start'] = second_flank_start A5SS_events['second_flank_end'] = second_flank_end #set specific as id A5SS_events['AS ID'] = "5ASS_" + A5SS_events.index.astype(str) #check to make sure there is enough information to do multiprocessing if that is desired if PROCESSES*4 > A5SS_events.shape[0]: fiveASS_processes = 1 else: fiveASS_processes = PROCESSES #identify PTMs found within spliced regions spliced_events['5ASS'], fiveASS_ptms = project_ptms_onto_splice_events(A5SS_events, annotate_original_df=True, ptm_coordinates = ptm_coordinates, chromosome_col = 'chr', strand_col = 'strand', region_start_col = 'event_start', region_end_col = 'event_end', event_id_col = 'AS ID', dPSI_col=dPSI_col, sig_col = sig_col, gene_col = 'geneSymbol', coordinate_type=coordinate_type, start_coordinate_system = '0-based', extra_cols = extra_cols, taskbar_label = "5' ASS events", separate_modification_types=separate_modification_types, PROCESSES = fiveASS_processes) fiveASS_ptms['Event Type'] = '5ASS' spliced_ptms.append(fiveASS_ptms) #identify ptms with altered flanking sequences if identify_flanking_sequences: print("Identifying flanking sequences for 5'ASS events.") fiveASS_flanks = fs.get_flanking_changes_from_splice_data(A5SS_events, ptm_coordinates, chromosome_col = 'chr', strand_col = 'strand', spliced_region_start_col = 'event_start', spliced_region_end_col = 'event_end', first_flank_start_col = 'first_flank_start', first_flank_end_col = 'first_flank_end', second_flank_start_col = 'second_flank_start', second_flank_end_col = 'second_flank_end',dPSI_col=dPSI_col, sig_col = sig_col, gene_col = 'geneSymbol', event_id_col = 'AS ID', extra_cols = extra_cols, coordinate_type=coordinate_type, start_coordinate_system='0-based') fiveASS_flanks['Event Type'] = '5ASS' spliced_flanks.append(fiveASS_flanks) else: print("5' ASS event data (A5SS_events) not provided, skipping.") if A3SS_events is not None: if RI_events['chr'].str.contains('chr').any(): RI_events['chr'] = RI_events['chr'].apply(lambda x: x[3:]) if A3SS_events['chr'].str.contains('chr').any(): A3SS_events['chr'] = A3SS_events['chr'].apply(lambda x: x[3:]) #set the relevent start and end regions of the spliced out region, which are different depending on the strand region_start = [] region_end = [] first_flank_start = [] first_flank_end = [] second_flank_end = [] second_flank_start = [] for i, row in A3SS_events.iterrows(): strand = row['strand'] if strand == '+': region_start.append(row['longExonStart_0base']) region_end.append(row['shortES']) if identify_flanking_sequences: second_flank_start.append(row['flankingES']) second_flank_end.append(row['flankingEE']) first_flank_start.append(row['shortES']) first_flank_end.append(row['shortEE']) else: region_start.append(row['shortEE']) region_end.append(row['longExonEnd']) if identify_flanking_sequences: second_flank_start.append(row['flankingES']) second_flank_end.append(row['flankingEE']) first_flank_start.append(row['shortES']) first_flank_end.append(row['shortEE']) #save region info A3SS_events['event_start'] = region_start A3SS_events['event_end'] = region_end if identify_flanking_sequences: A3SS_events['first_flank_start'] = first_flank_start A3SS_events['first_flank_end'] = first_flank_end A3SS_events['second_flank_start'] = second_flank_start A3SS_events['second_flank_end'] = second_flank_end #add event ids A3SS_events['AS ID'] = "3ASS_" + A3SS_events.index.astype(str) #check to make sure there is enough information to do multiprocessing if that is desired if PROCESSES*4 > A3SS_events.shape[0]: threeASS_processes = 1 else: threeASS_processes = PROCESSES spliced_events['3ASS'], threeASS_ptms = project_ptms_onto_splice_events(A3SS_events, annotate_original_df=True, ptm_coordinates = ptm_coordinates, chromosome_col = 'chr', strand_col = 'strand', region_start_col = 'event_start', region_end_col = 'event_end', event_id_col = 'AS ID', dPSI_col=dPSI_col, sig_col = sig_col, gene_col = 'geneSymbol', extra_cols = extra_cols, coordinate_type=coordinate_type, start_coordinate_system = '0-based', taskbar_label = "3' ASS events", separate_modification_types=separate_modification_types, PROCESSES = threeASS_processes) threeASS_ptms['Event Type'] = '3ASS' spliced_ptms.append(threeASS_ptms) #identify ptms with altered flanking sequences if identify_flanking_sequences: print("Identifying flanking sequences for 3' ASS events.") threeASS_flanks = fs.get_flanking_changes_from_splice_data(A3SS_events, ptm_coordinates, chromosome_col = 'chr', strand_col = 'strand', spliced_region_start_col = 'event_start', spliced_region_end_col = 'event_end', first_flank_start_col = 'first_flank_start', first_flank_end_col = 'first_flank_end', second_flank_start_col = 'second_flank_start', second_flank_end_col = 'second_flank_end', dPSI_col=dPSI_col, sig_col = dPSI_col, gene_col = 'geneSymbol', event_id_col = 'AS ID', extra_cols = extra_cols, coordinate_type=coordinate_type, start_coordinate_system='0-based') threeASS_flanks['Event Type'] = '3ASS' spliced_flanks.append(threeASS_flanks) else: print("3' ASS event data (A3SS_events) not provided, skipping") if RI_events is not None: if RI_events['chr'].str.contains('chr').any(): RI_events['chr'] = RI_events['chr'].apply(lambda x: x[3:]) #add event id RI_events['AS ID'] = "RI_" + RI_events.index.astype(str) #check to make sure there is enough information to do multiprocessing if that is desired if PROCESSES*4 > RI_events.shape[0]: RI_processes = 1 else: RI_processes = PROCESSES spliced_events['RI'], RI_ptms = project_ptms_onto_splice_events(RI_events, annotate_original_df=True, ptm_coordinates = ptm_coordinates, chromosome_col = 'chr', strand_col = 'strand', region_start_col = 'upstreamEE', region_end_col = 'downstreamES', event_id_col = 'AS ID', dPSI_col=dPSI_col, sig_col = sig_col, gene_col = 'geneSymbol', coordinate_type=coordinate_type, start_coordinate_system='0-based', extra_cols = extra_cols, taskbar_label = 'Retained Intron Events', separate_modification_types=separate_modification_types, PROCESSES = RI_processes) RI_ptms['Event Type'] = 'RI' spliced_ptms.append(RI_ptms) #identify ptms with altered flanking sequences if identify_flanking_sequences: print('Identifying flanking sequences for retained intron events.') RI_flanks = fs.get_flanking_changes_from_splice_data(RI_events, ptm_coordinates, chromosome_col = 'chr', strand_col = 'strand', spliced_region_start_col = 'upstreamEE', spliced_region_end_col = 'downstreamES', first_flank_start_col = 'upstreamES', first_flank_end_col = 'upstreamEE', second_flank_start_col = 'downstreamES', second_flank_end_col = 'downstreamEE', dPSI_col=dPSI_col, sig_col = sig_col, gene_col = 'geneSymbol', event_id_col = 'AS ID', extra_cols = extra_cols, coordinate_type=coordinate_type, start_coordinate_system='0-based') RI_flanks['Event Type'] = 'RI' spliced_flanks.append(RI_flanks) if MXE_events is not None: if MXE_events['chr'].str.contains('chr').any(): MXE_events['chr'] = MXE_events['chr'].apply(lambda x: x[3:]) #check to make sure there is enough information to do multiprocessing if that is desired if PROCESSES*4 > MXE_events.shape[0]: MXE_processes = 1 else: MXE_processes = PROCESSES #add AS ID MXE_events['AS ID'] = "MXE_" + MXE_events.index.astype(str) mxe_ptms = [] #first mxe exon spliced_events['MXE_Exon1'], MXE_Exon1_ptms = project_ptms_onto_splice_events(MXE_events, annotate_original_df=True, ptm_coordinates = ptm_coordinates, chromosome_col = 'chr', strand_col = 'strand', region_start_col = '1stExonStart_0base', region_end_col = '1stExonEnd', event_id_col = 'AS ID', dPSI_col=dPSI_col, sig_col = sig_col, gene_col = 'geneSymbol', coordinate_type=coordinate_type, start_coordinate_system = '0-based', taskbar_label = 'MXE, First Exon', extra_cols=extra_cols, separate_modification_types=separate_modification_types, PROCESSES = MXE_processes) MXE_Exon1_ptms['Event Type'] = 'MXE (First Exon)' mxe_ptms.append(MXE_Exon1_ptms) #second mxe exon spliced_events['MXE_Exon2'], MXE_Exon2_ptms = project_ptms_onto_splice_events(MXE_events, annotate_original_df=True, ptm_coordinates = ptm_coordinates, chromosome_col = 'chr', strand_col = 'strand', region_start_col = '2ndExonStart_0base', region_end_col = '2ndExonEnd', event_id_col = 'AS ID', dPSI_col=dPSI_col, sig_col = sig_col, gene_col = 'geneSymbol', extra_cols=extra_cols, coordinate_type=coordinate_type, start_coordinate_system='0-based', taskbar_label = 'MXE, Second Exon', separate_modification_types=separate_modification_types, PROCESSES = MXE_processes) MXE_Exon2_ptms['Event Type'] = 'MXE (Second Exon)' mxe_ptms.append(MXE_Exon2_ptms) #combine mxe ptms, and then drop any PTMs that were found in both MXE's mxe_ptms = pd.concat([MXE_Exon1_ptms, MXE_Exon2_ptms]) columns_to_check = ['UniProtKB Accession', 'Source of PTM', 'Residue', 'PTM Position in Isoform', 'Modification', 'Modification Class', 'Gene'] if dPSI_col is not None: columns_to_check.append('dPSI') if sig_col is not None: columns_to_check.append('Significance') if extra_cols is not None: columns_to_check += extra_cols mxe_ptms = mxe_ptms.drop_duplicates(subset = columns_to_check, keep = False) #flip dPSI values for second exon if dPSI_col is not None: mxe_ptms['dPSI'] = mxe_ptms.apply(lambda x: x['dPSI']* -1 if x['Event Type'] == 'MXE (Second Exon)' else x['dPSI'], axis = 1) #add mxe ptms to spliced_ptms spliced_ptms.append(mxe_ptms) spliced_ptms = pd.concat(spliced_ptms) if identify_flanking_sequences: spliced_flanks = pd.concat(spliced_flanks) return spliced_events, spliced_ptms, spliced_flanks else: return spliced_events, spliced_ptms #def project_ptms_onto_MAJIQ_dPSI(majiq_data, ptm_coordinates = None, coordinate_type = 'hg38', identify_flanking_sequences = False, dPSI_col = 'dPSI', sig_col = 'FDR', separate_modification_types = False, PROCESSES = 1): # print('in progress') # pass def add_splicegraph_info(psi_data, splicegraph, purpose = 'inclusion'): psi_data = psi_data[psi_data['splice_type'] != 'ME'].copy() if purpose == 'inclusion': #split exons into individual exons psi_data['Individual exon'] = psi_data['exons'].apply(lambda x: x.split(':')) psi_data = psi_data.explode('Individual exon').drop_duplicates() psi_data['Individual exon'] = psi_data['Individual exon'].astype(float) #add gene location information to psi data from spliceseq psi_data = psi_data.merge(splicegraph, left_on = ['symbol', 'Individual exon'], right_on = ['Symbol', 'Exon'], how = 'left') psi_data = psi_data.rename(columns = {'Chr_Start': 'spliced_region_start', 'Chr_Stop': 'spliced_region_end'}) return psi_data elif purpose == 'flanking': print('Not yet active. Please check back later.') else: raise ValueError('Purpose must be either inclusion or flanking. Please provide the correct purpose for the splicegraph information.') def project_ptms_onto_SpliceSeq(psi_data, splicegraph, gene_col ='symbol', dPSI_col = None, sig_col = None, extra_cols = None, coordinate_type = 'hg19', separate_modification_types = False, identify_flanking_sequences = False, flank_size = 5, ptm_coordinates = None, PROCESSES = 1, **kwargs): """ Given splice event quantification from SpliceSeq (such as what can be downloaded from TCGASpliceSeq), annotate with PTMs that are found in the differentially included regions. Parameters ---------- psi_data: pandas.DataFrame dataframe containing splice event quantification from SpliceSeq. Must contain the following columns: 'symbol', 'exons', 'splice_type'. splicegraph: pandas.DataFrame dataframe containing exon information from the splicegraph used during splice event quantification. Must contain the following columns: 'Symbol', 'Exon', 'Chr_Start', 'Chr_Stop'. gene_col: str column name in psi_data that contains the gene name. Default is 'symbol'. dPSI_col: str column name in psi_data that contains the delta PSI value for the splice event. Default is None, which will not include this information in the output. sig_col: str column name in psi_data that contains the significance value for the splice event. Default is None, which will not include this information in the output. extra_cols: list list of additional columns to include in the output dataframe. Default is None, which will not include any additional columns. coordinate_type: str indicates the coordinate system used for the start and end positions. Either hg38 or hg19. Default is 'hg19'. separate_modification_types: bool Indicate whether to store PTM sites with multiple modification types as multiple rows. For example, if a site at K100 was both an acetylation and methylation site, these will be separated into unique rows with the same site number but different modification types. Default is True. identify_flanking_sequences: bool Indicate whether to identify and return the flanking sequences for the splice events. Default is False. flank_size: int Size of the flanking sequence to extract from the splice event. Default is 5, which will extract 5 bases upstream and downstream of the splice event. Only relevant if identify_flanking_sequences is True. PROCESSES: int Number of processes to use for multiprocessing. Default is 1 (single processing). **kwargs: additional keyword arguments Additional keyword arguments to pass to the find_ptms_in_many_regions function, which will be fed into the `filter_ptms()` function from the helper module. These will be used to filter ptms with lower evidence. For example, if you want to filter PTMs based on the number of MS observations, you can add 'min_MS_observations = 2' to the kwargs. This will filter out any PTMs that have less than 2 MS observations. See the `filter_ptms()` function for more options. """ #load ptm data from config if not provided if ptm_coordinates is None: ptm_coordinates = pose_config.ptm_coordinates.copy() #check for any keyword arguments to use for filtering if kwargs: filter_arguments = helpers.extract_filter_kwargs(**kwargs) #check any excess unused keyword arguments, report them helpers.check_filter_kwargs(filter_arguments) #filter ptm coordinates file to include only ptms with desired evidence ptm_coordinates = helpers.filter_ptms(ptm_coordinates, **filter_arguments) #remove ME events from this analysis overlapping_columns = set(psi_data.columns).intersection({'Chromosome', 'Strand', 'Chr_Start', 'Chr_Stop'}) if len(overlapping_columns) > 0: #drop columns that will be added from splicegraph psi_data = psi_data.drop(columns=overlapping_columns) print('Removing ME events from analysis') spliced_data = psi_data.copy() spliced_data = spliced_data[spliced_data['splice_type'] != 'ME'].copy() #split exons into individual exons spliced_data['Individual exon'] = spliced_data['exons'].apply(lambda x: x.split(':')) spliced_data = spliced_data.explode('Individual exon').drop_duplicates() spliced_data['Individual exon'] = spliced_data['Individual exon'].astype(float) #add gene location information to psi data from spliceseq spliced_data = spliced_data.merge(splicegraph.copy(), left_on = ['symbol', 'Individual exon'], right_on = ['Symbol', 'Exon'], how = 'left') spliced_data = spliced_data.rename(columns = {'Chr_Start': 'spliced_region_start', 'Chr_Stop': 'spliced_region_end'}) print('Projecting PTMs onto SpliceSeq data') spliced_data, spliced_ptms = project_ptms_onto_splice_events(spliced_data, chromosome_col = 'Chromosome', strand_col = 'Strand', gene_col = 'symbol', region_start_col = 'spliced_region_start', region_end_col = 'spliced_region_end', event_id_col = 'as_id',dPSI_col = dPSI_col, sig_col = sig_col, extra_cols = extra_cols, separate_modification_types = separate_modification_types, coordinate_type = coordinate_type, PROCESSES = PROCESSES) ## add code for extracting flanking sequences (to do) if identify_flanking_sequences: altered_flanks = fs.get_flanking_changes_from_splicegraph(psi_data, splicegraph, dPSI_col = dPSI_col, sig_col = sig_col, extra_cols = extra_cols, gene_col = gene_col, coordinate_type=coordinate_type, flank_size = flank_size) return spliced_data, spliced_ptms, altered_flanks else: return spliced_data, spliced_ptms #def project_ptms_onto_TCGA_SpliceSeq(tcga_cancer = 'PRAD'): # """ # In progress. Will download and process TCGA SpliceSeq data for a specific cancer type, and project PTMs onto the spliced regions. # """ # print('Not yet active. Please check back later.') # pass def check_columns(splice_data, chromosome_col = None, strand_col = None, region_start_col = None, region_end_col = None, first_flank_start_col = None, first_flank_end_col = None, second_flank_start_col = None, second_flank_end_col = None, gene_col = None, dPSI_col = None, sig_col = None, event_id_col = None, extra_cols = None): """ Function to quickly check if the provided column names exist in the dataset and if they are the correct type of data """ expected_cols = [chromosome_col, strand_col, region_start_col, region_end_col, first_flank_start_col, first_flank_end_col, second_flank_start_col, second_flank_end_col, gene_col, dPSI_col, sig_col, event_id_col] expected_dtypes = [[str, object], [str,int, object], [int,float], [int,float], [int,float], [int,float], [int,float], [int,float], [str, object], float, float, None] #remove cols with None and the corresponding dtype entry expected_dtypes = [dtype for col, dtype in zip(expected_cols, expected_dtypes) if col is not None] expected_cols = [col for col in expected_cols if col is not None] #add extra columns to the expected columns list if extra_cols is not None: expected_cols += extra_cols expected_dtypes += [None]*len(extra_cols) #extra columns do not have dtype requirement #check to make sure columns exist in the dataframe if not all([x in splice_data.columns for x in expected_cols]): raise ValueError('Not all expected columns are present in the splice data. Please check the column names and provide the correct names for the following columns: {}'.format([x for x in expected_cols if x not in splice_data.columns])) #check to make sure columns are the correct data type for col, data_type in zip(expected_cols, expected_dtypes): if data_type is None: continue elif isinstance(data_type, list): if splice_data[col].dtype not in data_type: #try converting to the expected data type try: splice_data[col] = splice_data[col].astype(data_type[0]) except: raise ValueError('Column {} is not the expected data type. Expected data type is one of {}, but found data type {}'.format(col, data_type, splice_data[col].dtype)) else: if splice_data[col].dtype != data_type: #try converting to the expected data type try: splice_data[col] = splice_data[col].astype(data_type) except: raise ValueError('Column {} is not the expected data type. Expected data type is {}, but found data type {}'.format(col, data_type, splice_data[col].dtype)) 仍报错>>> splice_data, spliced_ptms, altered_flanks = project.project_ptms_onto_MATS(SE_events\ = SE_data, MXE_events = MXE_data, A5SS_events = A5SS_data, A3SS_events = A3SS_data, RI_\ events = RI_data, coordinate_type = 'hg38', identify_flanking_sequences = True) Projecting PTMs onto MATS splice events using hg38 coordinates. Skipped Exon events: 0%| | 0/3635 [00:00<?, ?it/s] Traceback (most recent call last): File "<python-input-30>", line 1, in <module> splice_data, spliced_ptms, altered_flanks = project.project_ptms_onto_MATS(SE_events = SE_data, MXE_events = MXE_data, A5SS_events = A5SS_data, A3SS_events = A3SS_data, RI_events = RI_data, coordinate_type = 'hg38', identify_flanking_sequences = True) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "/mnt/940660EA0660CEB4/PTM-POSE/venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/ptm_pose/project.py", line 416, in project_ptms_onto_MATS spliced_events['SE'], SE_ptms = project_ptms_onto_splice_events(SE_events, annotate_original_df=True, ptm_coordinates = ptm_coordinates, chromosome_col = 'chr', strand_col = 'strand', region_start_col = 'exonStart_0base', region_end_col = 'exonEnd', dPSI_col=dPSI_col, sig_col = sig_col, gene_col = 'geneSymbol', event_id_col = 'AS ID', extra_cols = extra_cols, coordinate_type=coordinate_type, start_coordinate_system='0-based', taskbar_label = "Skipped Exon events", separate_modification_types=separate_modification_types, PROCESSES = SE_processes) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "/mnt/940660EA0660CEB4/PTM-POSE/venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/ptm_pose/project.py", line 327, in project_ptms_onto_splice_events splice_data, spliced_ptm_info = find_ptms_in_many_regions(splice_data, ptm_coordinates, annotate_original_df = annotate_original_df, chromosome_col = chromosome_col, strand_col = strand_col, region_start_col = region_start_col, region_end_col = region_end_col, dPSI_col = dPSI_col, sig_col = sig_col, event_id_col = event_id_col, gene_col = gene_col, extra_cols = extra_cols, coordinate_type = coordinate_type,start_coordinate_system=start_coordinate_system, end_coordinate_system=end_coordinate_system, taskbar_label = taskbar_label, separate_modification_types=separate_modification_types) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "/mnt/940660EA0660CEB4/PTM-POSE/venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/ptm_pose/project.py", line 212, in find_ptms_in_many_regions if annotate_original_df: ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "/mnt/940660EA0660CEB4/PTM-POSE/venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/pandas/core/generic.py", line 1577, in __nonzero__ raise ValueError( ...<2 lines>... ) ValueError: The truth value of a DataFrame is ambiguous. Use a.empty, a.bool(), a.item(), a.any() or a.all().
最新发布
07-09
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值