keepalived（二）vip漂移

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本文详细介绍了如何使用Keepalived在两台CentOS 7服务器上搭建VRRP虚拟路由器冗余协议高可用集群，实现VIP（虚拟IP）的自动切换，确保服务连续性和稳定性。步骤包括安装配置Keepalived、设置邮件通知、脚本创建及测试验证。

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实验

内容：测试vip能否正常切换

架构图

这里写图片描述

环境

ip	系统	安装的软件
192.168.253.158	CentOS7	keepalived
192.168.253.128	CentOS7	keepalived

第一步：在192.168.253.128主机上安装keepalived和发邮件的工具

yum install mailx -y
yum install keepalived -y

第二步：在192.168.253.128主机上修改配置文件/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
    notification_email {
         root@localhost
    }
    notification_email_from keepalived@localhost
    smtp_server 127.0.0.1
    smtp_connect_timeout 30
    router_id 192.168.253.128
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface ens33
    virtual_router_id 15
    priority 95
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1234
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.253.190 dev ens33
    }
    notify_master "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh master" ##这个脚本稍后会创建
    notify_backup "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh backup"
    notify_fault "/etc/keepalived/nofify.sh fault"
}

第三步：创建keepalived状态发生变化时触发的脚本/etc/keepalived/nofify.sh

#!/bin/bash
#发邮件通知root，keepalived状态发生改变
contact='root@localhost'

notify() {
    local mailsubject="$(hostname) to be $1, vip floating"
    local mailbody="$(date +'%F %T'): vrrp transition, $(hostname) changed to be $1"
    echo "$mailbody" | mail -s "$mailsubject" $contact
}

case $1 in
master)
    notify master
    ;;
backup)
    notify backup
    ;;
fault)
    notify fault
    ;;
*)
    echo "Usage: $(basename $0) {master|backup|fault}"
    exit 1
    ;;
esac

第四步：在192.168.253.158上安装keepalived，将192.168.253.128的脚本与配置文件发送到192.168.253.158上
192.168.253.158端操作

yum install keepalived -y
yum install mailx -y

192.168.253.128端操作

scp /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf  root@192.168.253.158:/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
scp /etc/keepalived/notify.sh  root@192.168.253.158:/etc/keepalived/notify.sh

第五步：在192.168.253.158上修改配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf 
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
    notification_email {
         root@localhost
    }
    notification_email_from keepalived@localhost
    smtp_server 127.0.0.1
    smtp_connect_timeout 30
    router_id 192.168.253.158 ##修改为当前主机的主机名，这里直接用ip了
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP  ##设置为BACKUP节点
    interface ens33 
    virtual_router_id 15 
    priority 90   ##优先级
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1234
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.253.190 dev ens33
    }
    notify_master "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh master"
    notify_backup "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh backup"
    notify_fault "/etc/keepalived/nofify.sh fault"
}