warning: group mockbuild does not exist - using root

本文介绍了解决使用rpm-ivh安装rpm包时出现的Warning:usermockbuilddoesnotexist.usingroot错误的方法。通过安装mock并创建mockbuild用户来避免此警告。

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rpm -ivh 安装某个rpm包时报错:

Warning: user mockbuild does not exist. using root

解决办法:

yum install mock
useradd -s /sbin/nologin mockbuild

本文参考为:https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/yabingshi_tech/article/details/53836819

[root@node ~]# mysql -u root -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 8 Server version: 8.0.42 MySQL Community Server - GPL Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> CREATE DATABASE weblog_db; ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'CREATE DATABASE weblog_db' at line 1 mysql> CREATE DATABASE weblog_db; ERROR 1007 (HY000): Can't create database 'weblog_db'; database exists mysql> USE weblog_db; Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed mysql> DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS weblog_db; Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.02 sec) mysql> CREATE DATABASE weblog_db; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) mysql> USE weblog_db; Database changed mysql> CREATE TABLE page_visits ( -> page VARCHAR(255) , -> visits BIGINT -> ); ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'TABLE page_visits ( page VARCHAR(255) , visits BIGINT )' at line 1 mysql> CREATE TABLE page_visits ( -> page VARCHAR(255), -> visits BIGINT -> ); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec) mysql> SHOW TABLES; +---------------------+ | Tables_in_weblog_db | +---------------------+ | page_visits | +---------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> ^C mysql> q -> quit -> exit -> ^C mysql> ^C mysql> ^C mysql> ^DBye [root@node ~]# hive SLF4J: Failed to load class "org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder". SLF4J: Defaulting to no-operation (NOP) logger implementation SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#StaticLoggerBinder for further details. Hive Session ID = 7bb79582-cc2b-49b6-abc7-020dcdc46542 Logging initialized using configuration in jar:file:/home/hive-3.1.3/lib/hive-common-3.1.3.jar!/hive-log4j2.properties Async: true Hive-on-MR is deprecated in Hive 2 and may not be available in the future versions. Consider using a different execution engine (i.e. spark, tez) or using Hive 1.X releases. Hive Session ID = 15d9da52-e18e-40b2-a80f-e76eda81df4c hive> DESCRIBE FORMATTED page_visits; OK # col_name data_type comment page string visits bigint # Detailed Table Information Database: default OwnerType: USER Owner: root CreateTime: Tue Jul 08 01:43:42 CST 2025 LastAccessTime: UNKNOWN Retention: 0 Location: hdfs://node:9000/hive/warehouse/page_visits Table Type: MANAGED_TABLE Table Parameters: COLUMN_STATS_ACCURATE {\"BASIC_STATS\":\"true\"} bucketing_version 2 numFiles 1 numRows 4 rawDataSize 56 totalSize 60 transient_lastDdlTime 1751910222 # Storage Information SerDe Library: org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.lazy.LazySimpleSerDe InputFormat: org.apache.hadoop.mapred.TextInputFormat OutputFormat: org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.HiveIgnoreKeyTextOutputFormat Compressed: No Num Buckets: -1 Bucket Columns: [] Sort Columns: [] Storage Desc Params: serialization.format 1 Time taken: 0.785 seconds, Fetched: 32 row(s) hive> [root@node ~]# [root@node ~]# sqoop export \ > --connect jdbc:mysql://localhost/weblog_db \ > --username root \ > --password Aa@123456 \ > --table page_visits \ > --export-dir hdfs://node:9000/hive/warehouse/page_visits \ > --input-fields-terminated-by '\001' \ > --num-mappers 1 Warning: /home/sqoop-1.4.7/../hcatalog does not exist! HCatalog jobs will fail. Please set $HCAT_HOME to the root of your HCatalog installation. Warning: /home/sqoop-1.4.7/../accumulo does not exist! Accumulo imports will fail. Please set $ACCUMULO_HOME to the root of your Accumulo installation. 2025-07-08 15:28:12,550 INFO sqoop.Sqoop: Running Sqoop version: 1.4.7 2025-07-08 15:28:12,587 WARN tool.BaseSqoopTool: Setting your password on the command-line is insecure. Consider using -P instead. 2025-07-08 15:28:12,704 INFO manager.MySQLManager: Preparing to use a MySQL streaming resultset. 2025-07-08 15:28:12,708 INFO tool.CodeGenTool: Beginning code generation Loading class `com.mysql.jdbc.Driver'. This is deprecated. The new driver class is `com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver'. The driver is automatically registered via the SPI and manual loading of the driver class is generally unnecessary. 2025-07-08 15:28:13,225 INFO manager.SqlManager: Executing SQL statement: SELECT t.* FROM `page_visits` AS t LIMIT 1 2025-07-08 15:28:13,266 INFO manager.SqlManager: Executing SQL statement: SELECT t.* FROM `page_visits` AS t LIMIT 1 2025-07-08 15:28:13,280 INFO orm.CompilationManager: HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME is /home/hadoop/hadoop3.3 Note: /tmp/sqoop-root/compile/363869e21c2078b9742685122c43a3cc/page_visits.java uses or overrides a deprecated API. Note: Recompile with -Xlint:deprecation for details. 2025-07-08 15:28:16,377 INFO orm.CompilationManager: Writing jar file: /tmp/sqoop-root/compile/363869e21c2078b9742685122c43a3cc/page_visits.jar 2025-07-08 15:28:16,391 INFO mapreduce.ExportJobBase: Beginning export of page_visits 2025-07-08 15:28:16,391 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.job.tracker is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.jobtracker.address 2025-07-08 15:28:16,484 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.jar is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.jar 2025-07-08 15:28:17,339 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.reduce.tasks.speculative.execution is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.reduce.speculative 2025-07-08 15:28:17,342 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.map.tasks.speculative.execution is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.map.speculative 2025-07-08 15:28:17,343 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.map.tasks is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.maps 2025-07-08 15:28:17,555 INFO client.DefaultNoHARMFailoverProxyProvider: Connecting to ResourceManager at node/192.168.196.122:8032 2025-07-08 15:28:17,782 INFO mapreduce.JobResourceUploader: Disabling Erasure Coding for path: /tmp/hadoop-yarn/staging/root/.staging/job_1751959003014_0001 2025-07-08 15:28:26,026 INFO input.FileInputFormat: Total input files to process : 1 2025-07-08 15:28:26,029 INFO input.FileInputFormat: Total input files to process : 1 2025-07-08 15:28:26,495 INFO mapreduce.JobSubmitter: number of splits:1 2025-07-08 15:28:26,528 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.map.tasks.speculative.execution is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.map.speculative 2025-07-08 15:28:26,619 INFO mapreduce.JobSubmitter: Submitting tokens for job: job_1751959003014_0001 2025-07-08 15:28:26,620 INFO mapreduce.JobSubmitter: Executing with tokens: [] 2025-07-08 15:28:26,805 INFO conf.Configuration: resource-types.xml not found 2025-07-08 15:28:26,805 INFO resource.ResourceUtils: Unable to find 'resource-types.xml'. 2025-07-08 15:28:27,226 INFO impl.YarnClientImpl: Submitted application application_1751959003014_0001 2025-07-08 15:28:27,264 INFO mapreduce.Job: The url to track the job: http://node:8088/proxy/application_1751959003014_0001/ 2025-07-08 15:28:27,264 INFO mapreduce.Job: Running job: job_1751959003014_0001 2025-07-08 15:28:34,334 INFO mapreduce.Job: Job job_1751959003014_0001 running in uber mode : false 2025-07-08 15:28:34,335 INFO mapreduce.Job: map 0% reduce 0% 2025-07-08 15:28:38,374 INFO mapreduce.Job: map 100% reduce 0% 2025-07-08 15:28:38,381 INFO mapreduce.Job: Job job_1751959003014_0001 failed with state FAILED due to: Task failed task_1751959003014_0001_m_000000 Job failed as tasks failed. failedMaps:1 failedReduces:0 killedMaps:0 killedReduces: 0 2025-07-08 15:28:38,448 INFO mapreduce.Job: Counters: 8 Job Counters Failed map tasks=1 Launched map tasks=1 Data-local map tasks=1 Total time spent by all maps in occupied slots (ms)=2061 Total time spent by all reduces in occupied slots (ms)=0 Total time spent by all map tasks (ms)=2061 Total vcore-milliseconds taken by all map tasks=2061 Total megabyte-milliseconds taken by all map tasks=2110464 2025-07-08 15:28:38,456 WARN mapreduce.Counters: Group FileSystemCounters is deprecated. Use org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.FileSystemCounter instead 2025-07-08 15:28:38,457 INFO mapreduce.ExportJobBase: Transferred 0 bytes in 21.1033 seconds (0 bytes/sec) 2025-07-08 15:28:38,462 WARN mapreduce.Counters: Group org.apache.hadoop.mapred.Task$Counter is deprecated. Use org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.TaskCounter instead 2025-07-08 15:28:38,462 INFO mapreduce.ExportJobBase: Exported 0 records. 2025-07-08 15:28:38,462 ERROR mapreduce.ExportJobBase: Export job failed! 2025-07-08 15:28:38,463 ERROR tool.ExportTool: Error during export: Export job failed! at org.apache.sqoop.mapreduce.ExportJobBase.runExport(ExportJobBase.java:445) at org.apache.sqoop.manager.SqlManager.exportTable(SqlManager.java:931) at org.apache.sqoop.tool.ExportTool.exportTable(ExportTool.java:80) at org.apache.sqoop.tool.ExportTool.run(ExportTool.java:99) at org.apache.sqoop.Sqoop.run(Sqoop.java:147) at org.apache.hadoop.util.ToolRunner.run(ToolRunner.java:81) at org.apache.sqoop.Sqoop.runSqoop(Sqoop.java:183) at org.apache.sqoop.Sqoop.runTool(Sqoop.java:234) at org.apache.sqoop.Sqoop.runTool(Sqoop.java:243) at org.apache.sqoop.Sqoop.main(Sqoop.java:252) [root@node ~]# sqoop export \ > --connect jdbc:mysql://localhost/weblog_db \ > --username root \ > --password Aa@123456 \ > --table page_visits \ > --export-dir hdfs://node:9000/hive/warehouse/page_visits \ > --input-fields-terminated-by ',' \ > --num-mappers 1 Warning: /home/sqoop-1.4.7/../hcatalog does not exist! HCatalog jobs will fail. Please set $HCAT_HOME to the root of your HCatalog installation. Warning: /home/sqoop-1.4.7/../accumulo does not exist! Accumulo imports will fail. Please set $ACCUMULO_HOME to the root of your Accumulo installation. 2025-07-08 15:30:31,174 INFO sqoop.Sqoop: Running Sqoop version: 1.4.7 2025-07-08 15:30:31,218 WARN tool.BaseSqoopTool: Setting your password on the command-line is insecure. Consider using -P instead. 2025-07-08 15:30:31,333 INFO manager.MySQLManager: Preparing to use a MySQL streaming resultset. 2025-07-08 15:30:31,336 INFO tool.CodeGenTool: Beginning code generation Loading class `com.mysql.jdbc.Driver'. This is deprecated. The new driver class is `com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver'. The driver is automatically registered via the SPI and manual loading of the driver class is generally unnecessary. 2025-07-08 15:30:31,771 INFO manager.SqlManager: Executing SQL statement: SELECT t.* FROM `page_visits` AS t LIMIT 1 2025-07-08 15:30:31,814 INFO manager.SqlManager: Executing SQL statement: SELECT t.* FROM `page_visits` AS t LIMIT 1 2025-07-08 15:30:31,821 INFO orm.CompilationManager: HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME is /home/hadoop/hadoop3.3 Note: /tmp/sqoop-root/compile/ab00e36d1f5084a0f7d522b4e9a975e5/page_visits.java uses or overrides a deprecated API. Note: Recompile with -Xlint:deprecation for details. 2025-07-08 15:30:33,116 INFO orm.CompilationManager: Writing jar file: /tmp/sqoop-root/compile/ab00e36d1f5084a0f7d522b4e9a975e5/page_visits.jar 2025-07-08 15:30:33,129 INFO mapreduce.ExportJobBase: Beginning export of page_visits 2025-07-08 15:30:33,129 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.job.tracker is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.jobtracker.address 2025-07-08 15:30:33,212 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.jar is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.jar 2025-07-08 15:30:33,877 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.reduce.tasks.speculative.execution is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.reduce.speculative 2025-07-08 15:30:33,880 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.map.tasks.speculative.execution is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.map.speculative 2025-07-08 15:30:33,880 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.map.tasks is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.maps 2025-07-08 15:30:34,097 INFO client.DefaultNoHARMFailoverProxyProvider: Connecting to ResourceManager at node/192.168.196.122:8032 2025-07-08 15:30:34,310 INFO mapreduce.JobResourceUploader: Disabling Erasure Coding for path: /tmp/hadoop-yarn/staging/root/.staging/job_1751959003014_0002 2025-07-08 15:30:39,127 INFO input.FileInputFormat: Total input files to process : 1 2025-07-08 15:30:39,131 INFO input.FileInputFormat: Total input files to process : 1 2025-07-08 15:30:39,995 INFO mapreduce.JobSubmitter: number of splits:1 2025-07-08 15:30:40,022 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.map.tasks.speculative.execution is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.map.speculative 2025-07-08 15:30:40,532 INFO mapreduce.JobSubmitter: Submitting tokens for job: job_1751959003014_0002 2025-07-08 15:30:40,532 INFO mapreduce.JobSubmitter: Executing with tokens: [] 2025-07-08 15:30:40,689 INFO conf.Configuration: resource-types.xml not found 2025-07-08 15:30:40,689 INFO resource.ResourceUtils: Unable to find 'resource-types.xml'. 2025-07-08 15:30:40,746 INFO impl.YarnClientImpl: Submitted application application_1751959003014_0002 2025-07-08 15:30:40,783 INFO mapreduce.Job: The url to track the job: http://node:8088/proxy/application_1751959003014_0002/ 2025-07-08 15:30:40,784 INFO mapreduce.Job: Running job: job_1751959003014_0002 2025-07-08 15:30:46,847 INFO mapreduce.Job: Job job_1751959003014_0002 running in uber mode : false 2025-07-08 15:30:46,848 INFO mapreduce.Job: map 0% reduce 0% 2025-07-08 15:30:50,893 INFO mapreduce.Job: map 100% reduce 0% 2025-07-08 15:30:51,905 INFO mapreduce.Job: Job job_1751959003014_0002 failed with state FAILED due to: Task failed task_1751959003014_0002_m_000000 Job failed as tasks failed. failedMaps:1 failedReduces:0 killedMaps:0 killedReduces: 0 2025-07-08 15:30:51,973 INFO mapreduce.Job: Counters: 8 Job Counters Failed map tasks=1 Launched map tasks=1 Data-local map tasks=1 Total time spent by all maps in occupied slots (ms)=2058 Total time spent by all reduces in occupied slots (ms)=0 Total time spent by all map tasks (ms)=2058 Total vcore-milliseconds taken by all map tasks=2058 Total megabyte-milliseconds taken by all map tasks=2107392 2025-07-08 15:30:51,979 WARN mapreduce.Counters: Group FileSystemCounters is deprecated. Use org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.FileSystemCounter instead 2025-07-08 15:30:51,980 INFO mapreduce.ExportJobBase: Transferred 0 bytes in 18.0828 seconds (0 bytes/sec) 2025-07-08 15:30:51,983 WARN mapreduce.Counters: Group org.apache.hadoop.mapred.Task$Counter is deprecated. Use org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.TaskCounter instead 2025-07-08 15:30:51,983 INFO mapreduce.ExportJobBase: Exported 0 records. 2025-07-08 15:30:51,983 ERROR mapreduce.ExportJobBase: Export job failed! 2025-07-08 15:30:51,984 ERROR tool.ExportTool: Error during export: Export job failed! at org.apache.sqoop.mapreduce.ExportJobBase.runExport(ExportJobBase.java:445) at org.apache.sqoop.manager.SqlManager.exportTable(SqlManager.java:931) at org.apache.sqoop.tool.ExportTool.exportTable(ExportTool.java:80) at org.apache.sqoop.tool.ExportTool.run(ExportTool.java:99) at org.apache.sqoop.Sqoop.run(Sqoop.java:147) at org.apache.hadoop.util.ToolRunner.run(ToolRunner.java:81) at org.apache.sqoop.Sqoop.runSqoop(Sqoop.java:183) at org.apache.sqoop.Sqoop.runTool(Sqoop.java:234) at org.apache.sqoop.Sqoop.runTool(Sqoop.java:243) at org.apache.sqoop.Sqoop.main(Sqoop.java:252) [root@node ~]# 6.2 Sqoop导出数据 6.2.1从Hive将数据导出到MySQL 6.2.2sqoop导出格式 6.2.3导出page_visits表 6.2.4导出到ip_visits表 6.3验证导出数据 6.3.1登录MySQL 6.3.2执行查询
最新发布
07-09
<think>嗯,用户现在遇到了一个警告信息:“warning: user mockbuild does not exist - using root”。我需要先理解这个问题的背景。用户之前询问过关于rpm安装命令的问题,现在可能是在安装某个rpm包时出现了这个警告。接下来我要分析这个警告的原因和解决方法。 首先,mockbuild用户通常与RPM打包过程有关。在构建RPM包时,mock工具会使用一个独立的用户(如mockbuild)来确保构建环境的安全和隔离。如果这个用户不存在,系统可能会默认使用root,这可能带来安全风险。 接下来,用户为什么会遇到这个问题?可能的情况是用户安装的RPM包在构建时指定了mockbuild作为所有者,但当前系统中没有这个用户。所以安装时,rpm发现这个用户不存在,转而使用root,导致警告。 需要解释这个警告的含义:使用root代替不存在的用户可能存在安全隐患,因为root权限过高,可能被恶意软件利用。同时,某些文件权限可能不符合预期,导致服务运行异常。 解决方法方面,首先建议检查RPM包来源是否可靠。然后,可以手动创建mockbuild用户,或者忽略警告但注意风险。另外,如果是自行构建RPM包,应确保在构建环境中正确配置用户。 还要考虑用户的操作系统版本,比如CentOS或Fedora,这些系统通常使用mock工具,可能默认有mockbuild用户。如果用户系统没有,可能需要安装相关工具或手动创建用户。 最后,提醒用户如果不需要构建RPM包,可能不需要这个用户,但需注意潜在影响。确保回答结构清晰,逐步引导用户理解问题并提供解决方案。</think>--- ### 一、问题本质解析 当执行 RPM 安装或查询操作时出现 `warning: user mockbuild does not exist - using root`,表示**当前系统缺少 RPM 包构建时指定的属主用户**。以下是核心原因分解: --- ### 二、根本原因 1. **RPM 包构建规范** - 开发者在构建 RPM 包时,通常会在 `.spec` 文件中指定 `BuildUser`(如 `mockbuild`),用于隔离构建环境 - 该用户属于构建工具链(如 `mock`)的默认配置,**并非实际系统用户** 2. **本地环境差异** - 当用户安装该 RPM 包时,若系统中不存在同名用户,RPM 会强制将文件属主改为 `root` - 典型触发场景: ```bash $ rpm -ivh some-package.rpm warning: user mockbuild does not exist - using root ``` --- ### 三、潜在影响 | 风险类型 | 具体表现 | 严重性 | |------------------|----------------------------------|--------| | **权限过度提升** | 本应由低权限用户拥有的文件归属 root | ⭐⭐⭐⭐ | | **服务异常** | 依赖特定用户的守护进程启动失败 | ⭐⭐ | --- ### 四、解决方案 #### 方案 1:创建 mockbuild 用户(推荐) ```bash # 创建系统用户并指定 UID(需与构建环境一致) $ sudo useradd -r -u 135 -s /sbin/nologin mockbuild ``` - `-r`:创建系统账户 - `-u 135`:强制指定 UID(常见构建环境默认值) - `/sbin/nologin`:禁止登录 #### 方案 2:忽略警告(临时处理) - 若无需关注文件属主问题,可直接忽略警告 - **注意**:长期使用可能导致安全风险 --- ### 五、技术背景扩展 - **mock 工具的作用**:在隔离的 chroot 环境中构建 RPM 包,防止污染宿主系统 - **典型构建流程**: ```text mock init → 创建 /var/lib/mock/ 隔离环境 mock build → 以 mockbuild 用户身份执行编译 ``` --- ### 六、验证操作 ```bash # 检查用户是否存在 $ id mockbuild uid=135(mockbuild) gid=135(mockbuild) groups=135(mockbuild) # 查看 RPM 包文件归属 $ rpm -ql --dump your-package | awk '{print $1,$5,$6}' ``` --- ### 七、最佳实践建议 - **生产环境**:优先使用 `yum/dnf` 安装官方仓库软件包 - **自建 RPM**:在构建服务器上配置完整的 `mock` 工具链 - **安全审计**:定期检查 `/etc/passwd` 中的异常用户 > 注:若系统为 CentOS/RHEL,可通过 `yum install mock` 安装完整构建环境。
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