keepalived 部署(tar)

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于 2022-10-09 15:38:03 首次发布

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本文介绍如何使用yum安装Keepalived并进行配置。包括解压、授权、编译、配置keepalived.conf等步骤，以及如何启动验证、设置开机自启。

一、部署

yum 部署 keepalived，直接通过yum install -y keepalived 不多讲

1、解压

[root@localhost ~]# tar -zxvf keepalived-2.2.7.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# ll -d keepalived-2.2.7
drwxrwxr-x. 11 root root 4096 10月  9 13:02 keepalived-2.2.7
[root@localhost ~]#

2、授权

[root@localhost ~]# chown -R root:root keepalived-2.2.7

3、配置keepalived

[root@localhost ~]# cd keepalived-2.2.7
[root@localhost ~]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived  --sysconf=/etc

注解：
--prefix ：keepalived 安装目录
--sysconf ：keepalived的核心配置文件，必须要在 /etc 目录下面，固定位置，改为其他
位置会导致启动不了不在该目录下的话，会在启动keepalived的时候，会在日志文件里面抱一个错误，说找不到/etc这个文件夹。

4、编译

[root@localhost ~]# make && make install

5、查看安装位置

[root@localhost ~]# whereis keepalived
keepalived: /etc/keepalived /usr/local/keepalived
[root@localhost ~]#

6、配置keepalived.conf

vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

# 默认keepalived 会找/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf 文件，也可以指定通过-f
# keepalived.conf 中配置了你是主节点还是备节点，具体如何配置后续会详细讲解，如果没有特殊要求，可以按照如下配置

! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
   notification_email {
      user@example.com
   }

   notification_email_from mail@example.org
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id LVS_DEVEL
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER       # 主节点配置 MASTER，备节点配置 BACKUP
    interface eth1     # VIP 在那个网卡上启动
    virtual_router_id 56  # 主、备节点数字一致
    priority 100       # 主的数值大于备的
    advert_int 1       # 多久互相心跳检查
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.19.210/24   # 虚拟IP
    }
}

7、启动验证keepalived是否无问题

[root@localhost ~]# ps -ef |grep keepalived
root       1605   1448  0 14:50 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto keepalived

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived -D -f /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

[root@localhost ~]# ps -ef |grep keepalived
root       1607      1  0 14:50 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived -D -f /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
root       1608   1607  0 14:50 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived -D -f /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
root       1610   1448  0 14:50 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto keepalived
[root@localhost ~]#

8、查看keepalived版本

[root@localhost sbin]# /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived -v
Keepalived v2.2.7 (01/16,2022)

9、将keepalived加入到开机自启，Centos提示开启自启转发到system管理，并自动生成/usr/lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service，并自动systemctl enable keepalived.service设置开启自启

[root@localhost sbin]# chkconfig keepalived on
注意：正在将请求转发到“systemctl enable keepalived.service”。
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/keepalived.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service.
[root@localhost sbin]#

10、使用system启动keepalived。注意，system无无法关闭二进制命令启动，所以先结束keepalived -D -f 二进制启动

[root@localhost sbin]# ps -ef |grep keepalived
root      20307      1  0 13:07 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived -D -f /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
root      20308  20307  0 13:07 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived -D -f /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
root      20476  13586  0 13:10 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto keepalived
[root@localhost sbin]# kill 20307 20308
[root@localhost sbin]#
[root@localhost sbin]# ps -ef |grep keepalived
root      20491  13586  0 13:10 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto keepalived
[root@localhost sbin]#

查看/usr/lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service

[root@localhost ~]# cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service
[Unit]
Description=LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor
After=network-online.target syslog.target
Wants=network-online.target
Documentation=man:keepalived(8)
Documentation=man:keepalived.conf(5)
Documentation=man:genhash(1)
Documentation=https://keepalived.org

[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/run/keepalived.pid
KillMode=process
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/keepalived
ExecStart=/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived $KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[root@localhost ~]#

能看到，次配置文件启动后，执行的是/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived -D ，没有指定-f /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf ，但是keepalived 默认找的就是/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf，所以-f 可以指定或者不指定，如何指定

[Unit]
Description=LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor
After=network-online.target syslog.target
Wants=network-online.target
Documentation=man:keepalived(8)
Documentation=man:keepalived.conf(5)
Documentation=man:genhash(1)
Documentation=https://keepalived.org

[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/run/keepalived.pid
KillMode=process
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/keepalived
ExecStart=/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived $KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS -f /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

11、使用system启动keepalived

[root@localhost sbin]# systemctl restart keepalived   # 提示先执行systemctl daemon-reload
Warning: keepalived.service changed on disk. Run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to reload units.

[root@localhost sbin]# systemctl daemon-reload

[root@localhost sbin]# systemctl restart keepalived

[root@localhost sbin]# systemctl status keepalived
● keepalived.service - LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 日 2022-10-09 13:11:06 CST; 8s ago
     Docs: man:keepalived(8)
           man:keepalived.conf(5)
           man:genhash(1)
           https://keepalived.org
  Process: 20549 ExecStart=/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived -f /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf $KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 20550 (keepalived)
   CGroup: /system.slice/keepalived.service
           ├─20550 /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived -f /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf -D
           └─20551 /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived -f /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf -D

10月 09 13:11:06 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor.
10月 09 13:11:06 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_vrrp[20551]: Registering Kernel netlink reflector
10月 09 13:11:06 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_vrrp[20551]: Registering Kernel netlink command channel
10月 09 13:11:06 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_vrrp[20551]: Assigned address 192.168.18.6 for interface ens33
10月 09 13:11:06 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_vrrp[20551]: Assigned address fe80::20c:29ff:fea8:36df for interface ens33
10月 09 13:11:06 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_vrrp[20551]: Registering gratuitous ARP shared channel
10月 09 13:11:06 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_vrrp[20551]: (VI_1) removing VIPs.
10月 09 13:11:06 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_vrrp[20551]: (VI_1) Entering BACKUP STATE (init)
10月 09 13:11:06 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_vrrp[20551]: VRRP sockpool: [ifindex(  2), family(IPv4), proto(112), fd(12,13) multicast, address(....0.18)]
10月 09 13:11:06 localhost.localdomain Keepalived[20550]: Startup complete
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

[root@localhost ~]# ps -ef |grep keepalived
root       1607      1  0 14:50 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived -D -f /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
root       1608   1607  0 14:50 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived -D -f /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
root       1986   1448  0 15:40 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto keepalived
[root@localhost ~]#

11、配置备机，跟上述一样，只不过keepalived.conf 有区别

! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
   notification_email {
      user@example.com
   }

   notification_email_from mail@example.org
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id LVS_DEVEL
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER       # 主节点配置 MASTER，备节点配置 
    interface eth1     # VIP 在那个网卡上启动
    virtual_router_id 56  # 主、备节点数字一致
    priority 99        # 主的数值大于备的
    advert_int 1       # 多久互相心跳检查
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.19.210/24   # 虚拟IP
    }
}