Vue实现一个“液态玻璃”效果登录卡片-优快云博客

Vue实现一个“液态玻璃”效果登录卡片

效果介绍

液态玻璃(Liquid Glass)是一种极具现代感的UI视觉风格，常见于高端网站和操作系统界面。它通过多层叠加、模糊、光泽、滤镜等技术，模拟出玻璃的通透、折射和高光质感。苹果的这次系统设计更新，带火了这一设计效果，本教程将带你一步步实现一个带有3D灵动倾斜交互的液态玻璃登录卡片。

实际效果：

Vue实现一个“液态玻璃”效果登录卡片_滤镜

技术原理解析

1. 多层叠加

液态玻璃效果的核心是多层视觉叠加：

模糊层(blur)：让背景内容变得虚化，产生玻璃的通透感。
色调层(tint)：为玻璃加上一层淡淡的色彩，提升质感。
高光层(shine)：模拟玻璃边缘的高光和内阴影，增强立体感。
SVG滤镜：通过 SVG 的 feTurbulence 和 feDisplacementMap，让玻璃表面产生微妙的扭曲和流动感。

2. 3D灵动倾斜

通过监听鼠标在卡片上的移动，动态计算并设置 transform: perspective(...) rotateX(...) rotateY(...)，让卡片随鼠标灵动倾斜，增强交互体验。

3. 背景与环境

背景可以是渐变色，也可以是图片。玻璃卡片通过 backdrop-filter 与背景内容产生交互，形成真实的玻璃质感。

实现步骤详解

1. 结构搭建

<template>
  <div class="login-container animated-background">
    <!-- SVG滤镜库 -->
    <svg style="display: none">...</svg>
    <!-- 登录卡片 -->
    <div
      class="glass-component login-card"
      ref="tiltCard"
      @mousemove="handleMouseMove"
      @mouseleave="handleMouseLeave"
    >
      <div class="glass-effect"></div>
      <div class="glass-tint"></div>
      <div class="glass-shine"></div>
      <div class="glass-content">
        <!-- 登录表单内容 -->
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>

2. SVG滤镜实现液态扭曲

<svg style="display: none">
  <filter id="glass-distortion" x="0%" y="0%" width="100%" height="100%" filterUnits="objectBoundingBox">
    <feTurbulence type="fractalNoise" baseFrequency="0.001 0.005" numOctaves="1" seed="17" result="turbulence" />
    <feComponentTransfer in="turbulence" result="mapped">
      <feFuncR type="gamma" amplitude="1" exponent="10" offset="0.5" />
      <feFuncG type="gamma" amplitude="0" exponent="1" offset="0" />
      <feFuncB type="gamma" amplitude="0" exponent="1" offset="0.5" />
    </feComponentTransfer>
    <feGaussianBlur in="turbulence" stdDeviation="3" result="softMap" />
    <feSpecularLighting in="softMap" aceScale="5" specularConstant="1" specularExponent="100" lighting-color="white" result="specLight">
      <fePointLight x="-200" y="-200" z="300" />
    </feSpecularLighting>
    <feComposite in="specLight" operator="arithmetic" k1="0" k2="1" k3="1" k4="0" result="litImage" />
    <feDisplacementMap in="SourceGraphic" in2="softMap" scale="200" xChannelSelector="R" yChannelSelector="G" />
  </filter>
</svg>

这段 SVG 代码必须放在页面结构内，供 CSS filter 调用。

3. 背景设置

.animated-background {
  width: 100vw;
  height: 100vh;
  background-image: url('你的背景图片路径');
  background-size: cover;
  background-position: center;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  z-index: -1;
}

建议用高质量渐变或壁纸，能更好衬托玻璃质感。

4. 卡片多层玻璃结构

.login-card {
  width: 400px;
  border-radius: 24px;
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 24px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.10), 0 1.5px 6px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
  background: transparent;
  position: relative;
}
.glass-effect {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 0;
  backdrop-filter: blur(5px);
  filter: url(#glass-distortion);
  isolation: isolate;
  border-radius: 24px;
}
.glass-tint {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 1;
  background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
  border-radius: 24px;
}
.glass-shine {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 2;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.13);
  border-radius: 24px;
  box-shadow:
    inset 1px 1px 8px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.18),
    inset -1px -1px 8px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
  pointer-events: none;
}
.glass-content {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 3;
  padding: 2rem;
  color: white;
}

每一层都要有一致的 border-radius，才能保证圆角处无割裂。

5. 3D灵动倾斜交互

methods: {
  handleMouseMove (e) {
    const card = this.$refs.tiltCard
    const rect = card.getBoundingClientRect()
    const x = e.clientX - rect.left
    const y = e.clientY - rect.top
    const centerX = rect.width / 2
    const centerY = rect.height / 2
    const maxTilt = 18
    const rotateY = ((x - centerX) / centerX) * maxTilt
    const rotateX = -((y - centerY) / centerY) * maxTilt
    card.style.transform = `perspective(600px) rotateX(${rotateX}deg) rotateY(${rotateY}deg) scale(1.03)`
  },
  handleMouseLeave () {
    const card = this.$refs.tiltCard
    card.style.transform = 'perspective(600px) rotateX(0deg) rotateY(0deg) scale(1)'
  }
}

鼠标移动时，卡片会根据指针位置灵动倾斜。
鼠标移出时，卡片平滑恢复。

6. 细节优化

阴影柔和：避免黑色边缘过重，提升高级感。
高光线条：用低透明度白色边框和内阴影，模拟玻璃高光。
所有层的圆角一致：防止割裂。
表单输入框：用半透明背景和模糊，保持整体风格统一。

7.完整代码

<template>
  <div class="login-container animated-background">
    <!-- SVG滤镜库 -->
    <svg style="display: none">
      <filter id="glass-distortion" x="0%" y="0%" width="100%" height="100%" filterUnits="objectBoundingBox">
        <feTurbulence type="fractalNoise" baseFrequency="0.001 0.005" numOctaves="1" seed="17" result="turbulence" />
        <feComponentTransfer in="turbulence" result="mapped">
          <feFuncR type="gamma" amplitude="1" exponent="10" offset="0.5" />
          <feFuncG type="gamma" amplitude="0" exponent="1" offset="0" />
          <feFuncB type="gamma" amplitude="0" exponent="1" offset="0.5" />
        </feComponentTransfer>
        <feGaussianBlur in="turbulence" stdDeviation="3" result="softMap" />
        <feSpecularLighting in="softMap" aceScale="5" specularConstant="1" specularExponent="100" lighting-color="white" result="specLight">
          <fePointLight x="-200" y="-200" z="300" />
        </feSpecularLighting>
        <feComposite in="specLight" operator="arithmetic" k1="0" k2="1" k3="1" k4="0" result="litImage" />
        <feDisplacementMap in="SourceGraphic" in2="softMap" scale="200" xChannelSelector="R" yChannelSelector="G" />
      </filter>
    </svg>

    <!-- 登录卡片 -->
    <div
      class="glass-component login-card"
      ref="tiltCard"
      @mousemove="handleMouseMove"
      @mouseleave="handleMouseLeave"
    >
      <div class="glass-effect"></div>
      <div class="glass-tint"></div>
      <div class="glass-shine"></div>
      <div class="glass-content">
        <h2 class="login-title">欢迎登录</h2>
        <form class="login-form">
          <div class="form-group">
            <input type="text" placeholder="用户名" class="glass-input">
          </div>
          <div class="form-group">
            <input type="password" placeholder="密码" class="glass-input">
          </div>
          <button type="submit" class="glass-button">登录</button>
        </form>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  name: 'LiquidGlass',
  data () {
    return {
      // 可以添加需要的数据
    }
  },
  methods: {
    handleMouseMove (e) {
      const card = this.$refs.tiltCard
      const rect = card.getBoundingClientRect()
      const x = e.clientX - rect.left
      const y = e.clientY - rect.top
      const centerX = rect.width / 2
      const centerY = rect.height / 2
      // 最大旋转角度
      const maxTilt = 18
      const rotateY = ((x - centerX) / centerX) * maxTilt
      const rotateX = -((y - centerY) / centerY) * maxTilt
      card.style.transform = `perspective(600px) rotateX(${rotateX}deg) rotateY(${rotateY}deg) scale(1.03)`
    },
    handleMouseLeave () {
      const card = this.$refs.tiltCard
      card.style.transform = 'perspective(600px) rotateX(0deg) rotateY(0deg) scale(1)'
    }
  }
}
</script>

<style lang="scss" scoped>
.login-container {
  min-height: 100vh;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.animated-background {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  background-image: url('../../assets/macwallpaper.jpg');
  background-size: cover;
  background-position: center;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
}

.login-card {
  width: 400px;
  position: relative;
  border-radius: 24px;
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 24px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.10), 0 1.5px 6px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
  transition: all 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.175, 0.885, 0.32, 1.6);
  cursor: pointer;
  background: transparent;
}

.glass-effect {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 0;
  backdrop-filter: blur(5px);
  filter: url(#glass-distortion);
  isolation: isolate;
  border-radius: 24px;
}

.glass-tint {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 1;
  background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
  border-radius: 24px;
}

.glass-shine {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 2;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.13);
  border-radius: 24px;
  box-shadow:
    inset 1px 1px 8px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.18),
    inset -1px -1px 8px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
  pointer-events: none;
}

.glass-content {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 3;
  padding: 2rem;
  color: white;
}

.login-title {
  text-align: center;
  color: #fff;
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
  font-size: 2rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
}

.form-group {
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.glass-input {
  width: 90%;
  padding: 12px 20px;
  border: none;
  border-radius: 10px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
  color: #fff;
  font-size: 1rem;
  backdrop-filter: blur(5px);
  transition: all 0.3s ease;

  &::placeholder {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
  }

  &:focus {
    outline: none;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
    box-shadow: 0 0 15px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
  }
}

.glass-button {
  width: 100%;
  padding: 12px;
  border: none;
  border-radius: 10px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
  color: #fff;
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
  backdrop-filter: blur(5px);
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;

  &:hover {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
  }

  &:active {
    transform: translateY(0);
  }
}

// 添加点击波纹效果
.click-gradient {
  position: absolute;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(255,255,255,0.4) 0%, rgba(180,180,255,0.2) 40%, rgba(100,100,255,0.1) 70%, rgba(50,50,255,0) 100%);
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%) scale(0);
  opacity: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  z-index: 4;
}

.glass-component.clicked .click-gradient {
  animation: gradient-ripple 0.6s ease-out;
}

@keyframes gradient-ripple {
  0% {
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%) scale(0);
    opacity: 1;
  }
  100% {
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%) scale(3);
    opacity: 0;
  }
}

.glass-component {
  transition: transform 0.25s cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1);
  will-change: transform;
}
</style>