mysql数据备份与恢复

SELECT [列名] FROM table_name [WHERE 语句]
        INTO OUTFILE 'path' [OPTION];
 
1.普通的select语句查出所需要的数据。
2.option可选参数，取值如下：
【 
FIELDS TERMINATED BY '字符串'：设置字段之间的分割符号。默认值是“\t”。
FIELDS ENCLOSED BY '字符'：设置字符来包裹字段的值，只能为单个字符。默认情况下不使用任何符号。
FIELDS OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '字符'：设置字符来包裹住CHAR、VARCHAR和TEXT等字符型字段。默认无符号。
FIELDS ESCAPED BY '字符'：设置转义字符。默认值为“\”。
LINES STARTING BY '字符串'：设置每行数据开头的字符。默认情况下不使用任何字符。
LINES TERMINATED BY '字符串'：设置每行数据结尾的字符。默认值是“\n”。
】
FIELDS和LINES两个子句都是自选的，但是如果两个子句都被指定了，FIELDS必须位于LINES的前面。


举个栗子


SELECT * FROM log_tb
INTO OUTFILE "F://d.txt"
FIELDS 
TERMINATED BY ',' 
OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"' 
LINES 
STARTING BY '!'
TERMINATED BY '\n';


如果包含中文符号乱码加入CHARACTER SET 编码
SELECT * FROM log_tb
INTO OUTFILE "F://d.txt"
CHARACTER SET 编码
FIELDS
TERMINATED BY ',' 
OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"' 
LINES 
STARTING BY '!'
TERMINATED BY '\n';



数据恢复：
LOAD DATA [LOW_PRIORITY] [LOCAL] INFILE 'file_name.txt' [REPLACE | IGNORE]


    INTO TABLE tbl_name
    [FIELDS
        [TERMINATED BY '\t']
        [OPTIONALLY] ENCLOSED BY '']
        [ESCAPED BY '\\' ]]
    [LINES TERMINATED BY '\n']
    [IGNORE number LINES]
    [(col_name,...)]
IGNORE number LINES 忽略输入文件中的前n行数据;
col_name 指定列


SELECT ... INTO OUTFILE 和 LOAD DATA INFILE 将数据从一个数据库写到一个文件中，然后再从文件中将它读入数据库中时，两个命令的字段和行处理选项必须匹配。否则，LOAD DATA INFILE 将不能正确地解释文件内容