Swift_泛型(inout、泛型函数<TypeName>..)

最新推荐文章于 2021-11-25 16:34:36 发布

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本文介绍了Swift中泛型的使用，包括显式泛型和隐式泛型，通过实例展示了如何在结构体中声明泛型类型，并提供了泛型函数的用法，如`typeFunc`和`hideFunc`等。同时，还演示了如何在泛型结构体`structType`中操作数组和字典，以及泛型在实际代码中的应用。

/*!3、泛型类型*/
//给一个结构体声明泛型类型
struct structType<TypeName> {
    
    var array:[TypeName] = [TypeName]()
    var dic = [String:TypeName]()
    
    //数组增加、删
    mutating func appenArray(_ some:TypeName) {
        array.append(some)
    }
    mutating func removArrayIndex(_ index:Int){
        array.remove(at: index)
    }
    
    
    
    //字典增加、
    mutating func setValueDic(_ key:String,_ value:TypeName){
        dic[key] = value
    }
    mutating func removDic(_ key:String,_ value:TypeName) -> Bool {
        let val = dic.removeValue(forKey: key)
        if (val == nil) {return false} ; return true
        
    }
}

class ViewController: UIViewController {

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        //1
        var x = 110
        var y = 330
        typeFunc(xx: &x, yy: &y)
        typeFunc2(&x, &y)
        
        
        //2
        var s = "fdsf"
        var s1 = "dsfw"
        var s2 = 30
        hideFunc(&s, &s1)
        hideFunc11(s, s1) //编译时错误，泛型函数只声明了<一个类型> ，所以传参只能是相同类型
        hideFunc2("first", 999)
        
        
        //3
        var st = structType<Int>()
        print(st.array,st.dic)  //[] [:]

        st.appenArray(10)
        st.appenArray(11)
        print(st.array)         //[10, 11]
        st.removArrayIndex(0)   //[11]
        print(st.array)
        st.array.enumerated()
        st.setValueDic("one", 32413)
        st.setValueDic("tow", 534260)
        print(st.dic)            //["one": 32413, "tow": 534260] 
        let dicremob = st.removDic("one", 0)
        print(st.dic)            //["tow": 534260]



        
    }

    
    
    /*!1、显式泛型*/
    func typeFunc(xx x:inout Int, yy y:inout Int) {
        
        let value = x
        x = y
        y = value
        
        
    }
    func typeFunc2(_ x:inout Int, _ y:inout Int) {
        
        let value = x
        x = y
        y = value
    }
    
    
    
    /*!2、隐式泛型*/
    func hideFunc<Ts>(_ x:inout Ts,_ y:inout Ts) {
        let value = y
        y = x
        x = value
    }
    func hideFunc11<Ts>(_ x:Ts,_ y:Ts) {
        print("\(x)=\(y)")
    }
    func hideFunc2<key,value>(_ x:key,_ y:value){
        
        print("\(x)=\(y)")
    }
    func hideFunc3<key,value>(_ x:key,_ y:value,_ z:Double){
        
        print("\(x)=\(y) \(z)")
    }
    

}