wxWidgets：编译和hello world

作者：jafon.tian

转载请注明出处：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/JT_Notes

本文主要记录如何从源码编译，安装以及使用wxWidgets。

0 - 编译环境

• 操作系统 : windows 11
• 编译环境
  • cmake : 3.31.2
  • msys : msys2-x86_64-20220603（MSYS_NT-10.0-26100）

1 - 下载源码

可以通过clone或下载zip包的形式

• clone
  repo地址 : https://github.com/wxWidgets/wxWidgets.git
• zip
  下载页 ： https://wxwidgets.org/downloads/

本文使用zip包模式，下载地址为 https://github.com/wxWidgets/wxWidgets/releases/download/v3.2.8/wxWidgets-3.2.8.zip
注意，wxWidgets使用了多了子仓，如果使用clone方式，注意需要更新子仓代码。

2 - 编译和安装

• 2.1 创建构建目录
  目录全路径应避免有空格存在。
  本文使用如下目录 C:\D\src\wxWidgets

• 2.2 解压代码并创建编译目录

C:\D\SRC\WXWIDGETS
├─build                  # 编译目录
├─wxWidgets-3.2.8.zip    # 代码压缩包
└─wxWidgets-3.2.8        # 解压出的代码

• 2.3 进入编译目录

cd .\build\

• 2.4 配置并生成编译文件

# -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release ： release version
# -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX="C:/D/src/wxWidgets/install" ： 当运行install时的目标目录
# -DwxBUILD_SHARED=OFF ： 编译成静态库
cmake -G "Ninja" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX="C:/D/src/wxWidgets/install" -DwxBUILD_SHARED=OFF ..\wxWidgets-3.2.8

配置相关信息

-- Which libraries should wxWidgets use?
    wxUSE_STL:      OFF      (use C++ STL classes)
    wxUSE_REGEX:    builtin  (enable support for wxRegEx class)
    wxUSE_ZLIB:     builtin  (use zlib for LZW compression)
    wxUSE_EXPAT:    builtin  (use expat for XML parsing)
    wxUSE_LIBJPEG:  builtin  (use libjpeg (JPEG file format))
    wxUSE_LIBPNG:   builtin  (use libpng (PNG image format))
    wxUSE_LIBTIFF:  builtin  (use libtiff (TIFF file format))
    wxUSE_NANOSVG:  builtin  (use NanoSVG for rasterizing SVG)
    wxUSE_LIBLZMA:  OFF      (use liblzma for LZMA compression)

-- Configured wxWidgets 3.2.8 for Windows
    Min OS Version required at runtime:                Windows XP / Windows Server 2003 (x64 Edition)
    Which GUI toolkit should wxWidgets use?            msw
    Should wxWidgets be compiled into single library?  OFF
    Should wxWidgets be linked as a shared library?    OFF
    Should wxWidgets support Unicode?                  ON
    What wxWidgets compatibility level should be used? 3.0

• 2.5 编译

cmake --build .

.
.
.
[1022/1022] Linking CXX static library lib\gcc_x64_lib\libwxmsw32u_qa.a

• 2.6 安装

cmake --build . --target install 

.
.
.
-- Installing: C:/D/src/wxWidgets/install/lib/cmake/wxWidgets/wxWidgetsConfig.cmake
-- Installing: C:/D/src/wxWidgets/install/lib/cmake/wxWidgets/wxWidgetsConfigVersion.cmake

3 - 测试程序

• 3.1 创建目录
  目录全路径应避免有空格存在。
  本文使用如下目录

C:\D\SRC\WXTEST
├─build             # 编译目录
├─CMakeLists.txt    # cmake文件
└─main.cpp        　# 测试代码

• 3.2 main.cpp
  使用由wxWidgets提供的测试程序（https://docs.wxwidgets.org/latest/overview_helloworld.html）

// Start of wxWidgets "Hello World" Program
#include <wx/wx.h>
 
class MyApp : public wxApp
{
public:
    bool OnInit() override;
};
 
wxIMPLEMENT_APP(MyApp);
 
class MyFrame : public wxFrame
{
public:
    MyFrame();
 
private:
    void OnHello(wxCommandEvent& event);
    void OnExit(wxCommandEvent& event);
    void OnAbout(wxCommandEvent& event);
};
 
enum
{
    ID_Hello = 1
};
 
bool MyApp::OnInit()
{
    MyFrame *frame = new MyFrame();
    frame->Show(true);
    return true;
}
 
MyFrame::MyFrame()
    : wxFrame(nullptr, wxID_ANY, "Hello World")
{
    wxMenu *menuFile = new wxMenu;
    menuFile->Append(ID_Hello, "&Hello...\tCtrl-H",
                     "Help string shown in status bar for this menu item");
    menuFile->AppendSeparator();
    menuFile->Append(wxID_EXIT);
 
    wxMenu *menuHelp = new wxMenu;
    menuHelp->Append(wxID_ABOUT);
 
    wxMenuBar *menuBar = new wxMenuBar;
    menuBar->Append(menuFile, "&File");
    menuBar->Append(menuHelp, "&Help");
 
    SetMenuBar( menuBar );
 
    CreateStatusBar();
    SetStatusText("Welcome to wxWidgets!");
 
    Bind(wxEVT_MENU, &MyFrame::OnHello, this, ID_Hello);
    Bind(wxEVT_MENU, &MyFrame::OnAbout, this, wxID_ABOUT);
    Bind(wxEVT_MENU, &MyFrame::OnExit, this, wxID_EXIT);
}
 
void MyFrame::OnExit(wxCommandEvent& event)
{
    Close(true);
}
 
void MyFrame::OnAbout(wxCommandEvent& event)
{
    wxMessageBox("This is a wxWidgets Hello World example",
                 "About Hello World", wxOK | wxICON_INFORMATION);
}
 
void MyFrame::OnHello(wxCommandEvent& event)
{
    wxLogMessage("Hello world from wxWidgets!");
}

• 3.3 CMakeLists.txt

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.20) # Or a suitable version for your project
project(MyWxWidgetsApp CXX)

# 设置wxWidgets_DIR，从而cmake可以找到wxWidgetsConfig.cmake
set(wxWidgets_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/../wxWidgets/install/lib/cmake/wxWidgets")

# Find wxWidgets. Specify the components you need (e.g., core, base, gl, net).
# REQUIRED ensures that CMake will fail if wxWidgets is not found.
# CONFIG必须设置，否则cmake不会使用wxWidgetsConfig.cmake
find_package(wxWidgets REQUIRED gl core base OPTIONAL_COMPONENTS net CONFIG)

# Include the wxWidgets configuration file found by find_package.
# This sets up include directories and other necessary build settings.
if(wxWidgets_USE_FILE) # not defined in CONFIG mode
    include(${wxWidgets_USE_FILE})
endif()

# Add your executable target.
add_executable(MyWxWidgetsApp main.cpp)

# Link your executable against the wxWidgets libraries.
# PRIVATE ensures that only this target links against them directly.
# 使用静态库 -static-libgcc -static-libstdc++
# 使用视窗 -mwindows， 否则会另外出现一个命令行窗口
target_link_libraries(MyWxWidgetsApp PRIVATE ${wxWidgets_LIBRARIES} -static-libgcc -static-libstdc++ -mwindows)

• 3.4 编译

cd .\build\
cmake -G "Ninja" ..\
cmake --build .

C:/D/src/wxtest/build/MyWxWidgetsApp.exe

• 3.5 运行
  双击MyWxWidgetsApp.exe