本文介绍了一种将ASP.NET中的GridView控件数据导出到Excel文件的方法。通过编写VB代码，实现了网页上GridView数据的导出功能，并展示了如何设置响应头以确保文件正确下载。
面代码实现将 GridView 导出到 Excel文件中。
<%@ Page Language="VB" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<script runat="server">
Function CreateDataSource()Function CreateDataSource() As ICollection
Dim dt As System.Data.DataTable = New System.Data.DataTable
Dim dr As System.Data.DataRow
dt.Columns.Add(New System.Data.DataColumn("id", GetType(Int32)))
dt.Columns.Add(New System.Data.DataColumn("PkID", GetType(String)))
dt.Columns.Add(New System.Data.DataColumn("Title", GetType(String)))
Dim i As Integer = 0
While i < 6
dr = dt.NewRow
dr(0) = i
dr(1) = "123456789123456789123456789"
dr(2) = "内容..."
dt.Rows.Add(dr)
System.Math.Min(System.Threading.Interlocked.Increment(i),i-1)
End While
Dim dv As System.Data.DataView = New System.Data.DataView(dt)
Return dv
End Function
Protected Sub Page_Load()Sub Page_Load(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs)
If Not IsPostBack Then
GridView1.BorderWidth = Unit.Pixel(2)
GridView1.BorderColor = System.Drawing.Color.DarkOrange
GridView1.DataSource = CreateDataSource
GridView1.DataBind
End If
End Sub
Protected Sub Button1_Click()Sub Button1_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs)
Response.Clear
Response.Buffer = True
Response.Charset = "GB2312"
Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=FileName.xls")
Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF7
Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel"
Dim oStringWriter As System.IO.StringWriter = New System.IO.StringWriter
Dim oHtmlTextWriter As System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter = New System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter(oStringWriter)
Me.GridView1.RenderControl(oHtmlTextWriter)
Response.Output.Write(oStringWriter.ToString)
Response.Flush
Response.End
End Sub
Public Overloads Overrides Sub VerifyRenderingInServerForm()Sub VerifyRenderingInServerForm(ByVal control As Control)
End Sub
Protected Sub GridView1_RowDataBound()Sub GridView1_RowDataBound(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As GridViewRowEventArgs)
If e.Row.RowType = DataControlRowType.DataRow Then
e.Row.Cells(1).Attributes.Add("style", "vnd.ms-excel.numberformat:@;")
End If
End Sub
</script>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head id="Head1" runat="server">
<title>将 GridView 导出到 Excel 文件中</title>
</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" OnRowDataBound="GridView1_RowDataBound"
AutoGenerateColumns="false">
<Columns>
<asp:BoundField HeaderText="序号" DataField="id" />
<asp:BoundField HeaderText="身份证号" DataField="PkID" />
<asp:BoundField HeaderText="网址" DataField="Title" ReadOnly="true" HtmlEncode="false" />
</Columns>
</asp:GridView>
<asp:Literal ID="HiddenOut" runat="server" />
<asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" Text="导出" OnClick="Button1_Click" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
值得注意的是VerifyRenderingInServerForm重载方法：
MSDN上的 VerifyRenderingInServerForm 方法的描述：
必须位于 <form runat=server> 标记中的控件可以在呈现之前调用此方法，以便在控件被置于标记外时显示错误信息。发送回或依赖于注册的脚本块的控件应该在 Control.Render 方法的重写中调用此方法。呈现服务器窗体元素的方式不同的页可以重写此方法以在不同的条件下引发异常。
如果回发或使用客户端脚本的服务器控件没有包含在 HtmlForm 服务器控件 (<form runat="server">) 标记中，它们将无法正常工作。这些控件可以在呈现时调用该方法，以在它们没有包含在 HtmlForm 控件中时提供明确的错误信息。
开发自定义服务器控件时，通常在为任何类型的输入标记重写 Render 方法时调用该方法。这在输入控件调用 GetPostBackEventReference 或发出客户端脚本时尤其重要。复合服务器控件不需要作出此调用。 没有这个方法，程序将报错。
代码：
<%@ Page Language="VB" %><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><script runat="server">Function CreateDataSource()Function CreateDataSource() As ICollection Dim dt As System.Data.DataTable = New System.Data.DataTable Dim dr As System.Data.DataRow dt.Columns.Add(New System.Data.DataColumn("id", GetType(Int32))) dt.Columns.Add(New System.Data.DataColumn("PkID", GetType(String))) dt.Columns.Add(New System.Data.DataColumn("Title", GetType(String))) Dim i As Integer = 0 While i < 6 dr = dt.NewRow dr(0) = i dr(1) = "123456789123456789123456789" dr(2) = "内容..." dt.Rows.Add(dr) System.Math.Min(System.Threading.Interlocked.Increment(i),i-1) End While Dim dv As System.Data.DataView = New System.Data.DataView(dt) Return dv End Function Protected Sub Page_Load()Sub Page_Load(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs) If Not IsPostBack Then GridView1.BorderWidth = Unit.Pixel(2) GridView1.BorderColor = System.Drawing.Color.DarkOrange GridView1.DataSource = CreateDataSource GridView1.DataBind End If End Sub Protected Sub Button1_Click()Sub Button1_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Response.Clear Response.Buffer = True Response.Charset = "GB2312" Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=FileName.xls") Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF7 Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel" Dim oStringWriter As System.IO.StringWriter = New System.IO.StringWriter Dim oHtmlTextWriter As System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter = New System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter(oStringWriter) Me.GridView1.RenderControl(oHtmlTextWriter) Response.Output.Write(oStringWriter.ToString) Response.Flush Response.End End Sub Public Overloads Overrides Sub VerifyRenderingInServerForm()Sub VerifyRenderingInServerForm(ByVal control As Control) End Sub Protected Sub GridView1_RowDataBound()Sub GridView1_RowDataBound(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As GridViewRowEventArgs) If e.Row.RowType = DataControlRowType.DataRow Then e.Row.Cells(1).Attributes.Add("style", "vnd.ms-excel.numberformat:@;") End If End Sub</script><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head id="Head1" runat="server"> <title>将 GridView 导出到 Excel 文件中</title></head><body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" OnRowDataBound="GridView1_RowDataBound" AutoGenerateColumns="false"> <Columns> <asp:BoundField HeaderText="序号" DataField="id" /> <asp:BoundField HeaderText="身份证号" DataField="PkID" /> <asp:BoundField HeaderText="网址" DataField="Title" ReadOnly="true" HtmlEncode="false" /> </Columns> </asp:GridView> <asp:Literal ID="HiddenOut" runat="server" /> <asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" Text="导出" OnClick="Button1_Click" /> </form></body></html>
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