Android进程间通信---AIDL_aidl list<integer>-优快云博客

本文详细介绍了Android中的进程间通信机制AIDL，包括如何创建AIDL文件和服务，以及如何在不同进程中交互。重点讲解了自定义类如何实现Parcelable接口以支持AIDL传递，并强调了相同包名下aidl文件的重要性。

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AIDL可以发送基本数据、String、List、Map和实现Parcable接口的对象

一、创建AIDL文件和Service文件，目录结构如下：

二、AIDL文件

// IMyAidlInterface.aidl
package com.mathias.hb.androidbasicknowledge;

// Declare any non-default types here with import statements
interface IMyAidlInterface {

    // 发送基本数据
    int plus(int a, int b);
    int reduce(int a,int b);

    // 发送String
    String getString();

    // 发送List集合
    List getList();
}

三、Service文件

package com.mathias.hb.androidbasicknowledge.service;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.util.Log;


import com.mathias.hb.androidbasicknowledge.IMyAidlInterface;
import com.mathias.hb.androidbasicknowledge.bean.Student;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class MyAIDLService extends Service {

    static int binderId = 0;
    List<Integer> list;
    String str = "hello world";
    Student student = new Student("Mathias","men",25);

    public MyAIDLService() {

    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        Log.v("MyAidlService","onCreate");
        
        list = new ArrayList();
        for (int i = 0;i < 5 ; i++){
            list.add(i);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
        Log.v("MyAidlService","onStartCommand");
        return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
    }

    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) throws UnsupportedOperationException{
        // TODO: Return the communication channel to the service.
        Log.v("MyAidlService","onBind");
        return binder;
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        Log.v("MyAidlService","onDestory");
    }

    IMyAidlInterface.Stub binder = new IMyAidlInterface.Stub()
    {
        @Override
        public int plus(int a, int b) throws RemoteException {
            return a + b;
        }

        @Override
        public int reduce(int a, int b) throws RemoteException {
           return a - b;
        }

        @Override
        public String getString() throws RemoteException {
            return str;
        }

        @Override
        public List getList() throws RemoteException {
            return list;
        }

    };
}

四、修改Androidmanifest.xml文件

<service android:name=".service.MyAIDLService" android:process=":remote">
      <intent-filter>
           <action android:name="com.mathias.hb.androidbasicknowledge" />
      </intent-filter>
</service>

此处一定要添加action

五、另一个进程

1、先将上一个进程中的AIDL文件包括完整包拷贝粘贴到aidl目录下

2、启动服务，交互

package com.mathias.hb.androidbasicknowledge;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;

import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private EditText et01;
    private EditText et02;
    private Intent serviceIntent;
    private IMyAidlInterface myAidlService;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        et01 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_num01);
        et02 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_num02);
    }

    public void bindService(View view){
        serviceIntent = new Intent();
        // 要启动的Service在AndroidManifest.xml文件中设置的action
        serviceIntent.setAction("com.mathias.hb.androidbasicknowledge");
        // 注意：在Android 5.0以后，启动另一个应用的Service时需要添加一下方法表示启动那个引用中的service
        serviceIntent.setPackage("com.mathias.hb.androidbasicknowledge");
        startService(serviceIntent);
        bindService(serviceIntent,serviceConnection , Service.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
    }

    public void unbindService(View view){
        unbindService(serviceConnection);
        stopService(serviceIntent);
    }

    ServiceConnection serviceConnection = new ServiceConnection() {

        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
            /**
             * 需要在gradle文件中添加一下代码才能找到这个类
             * sourceSets{
             *      main{
             *          java.srcDirs = ['src/main/java','src/main/aidl']
             *      }
             * }
             */
            Log.i("MyAidlService", "连接Service 成功");
            myAidlService = IMyAidlInterface.Stub.asInterface(service);
        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {

        }
    };

    public void plus(View view){
        int a = Integer.parseInt(et01.getText().toString());
        int b = Integer.parseInt(et02.getText().toString());
        try {
            int num01 = myAidlService.plus(a,b);
            Log.v("a + b = ",num01 +"");
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public void reduce(View view){
        int a = Integer.parseInt(et01.getText().toString());
        int b = Integer.parseInt(et02.getText().toString());
        int num02 = 0;
        try {
            num02 = myAidlService.reduce(a,b);
            Log.v("a - b = ",num02 +"");
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public void getListData(View view){
        try {
            List list =  myAidlService.getList();
            for (int i = 0; i < list.size();i++){
                Log.v("listData",i + "");
            }
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public void getString(View view){
        try {
            Log.v("StringData", myAidlService.getString());
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        unbindService(serviceConnection);
        stopService(serviceIntent);
    }
}

六、发送一个自定义对象

自定义类需要实现Parcelable接口，并且在相同的包下创建aidl文件

package com.mathias.hb.androidbasicknowledge.bean;

import android.os.Parcel;
import android.os.Parcelable;

/**
 * Created by HB on 2017/2/24.
 */

public class Student implements Parcelable{
    String name;
    String gender;
    int age;
    public Student(String name,String gender,int age){
       this.name = name;
       this.gender = gender;
       this.age = age;
    }

    protected Student(Parcel in) {
        name = in.readString();
        gender = in.readString();
        age = in.readInt();
    }

    public static final Creator<Student> CREATOR = new Creator<Student>() {
        @Override
        public Student createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
            return new Student(in);
        }

        @Override
        public Student[] newArray(int size) {
            return new Student[size];
        }
    };

    @Override
    public int describeContents() {
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {
        dest.writeString(name);
        dest.writeString(gender);
        dest.writeInt(age);
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public String getGender() {
        return gender;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public void setGender(String gender) {
        this.gender = gender;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}

目录结构

Student.aidl文件内容

// Student.aidl
package com.mathias.hb.androidbasicknowledge;

// Declare any non-default types here with import statements
import com.mathias.hb.androidbasicknowledge.bean.Student;

interface Student {
    Student getStudent();
}

剩下步骤与发送String、基本类型、List、Map类型数据相同