numpy基础——numpy.sum

最新推荐文章于 2025-09-23 10:34:34 发布

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这篇博客介绍了numpy库中的sum函数，详细讲解了参数设置，包括求和轴(axis)的选择、数据类型(dtype)的指定、输出数组(out)的设定和是否保持维度(keepdims)等，并给出了使用示例。

numpy.sum

numpy.sum(a, axis=None, dtype=None, out=None, keepdims=

Parameters:

a : array_like
Elements to sum.

axis : None or int or tuple of ints, optional
Axis or axes along which a sum is performed. The default, axis=None, will sum all of the elements of the input array. If axis is negative it counts from the last to the first axis.
New in version 1.7.0.
If axis is a tuple of ints, a sum is performed on all of the axes specified in the tuple instead of a single axis or all the axes as before.

dtype : dtype, optional
The type of the returned array and of the accumulator in which the elements are summed. The dtype of a is used by default unless a has an integer dtype of less precision than the default platform integer. In that case, if a is signed then the platform integer is used while if a is unsigned then an unsigned integer of the same precision as the platform integer is used.

out : ndarray, optional
Alternative output array in which to place the result. It must have the same shape as the expected output, but the type of the output values will be cast if necessary.

keepdims : bool, optional
If this is set to True, the axes which are reduced are left in the result as dimensions with size one. With this option, the result will broadcast correctly against the input array.
If the default value is passed, then keepdims will not be passed through to the sum method of sub-classes of ndarray, however any non-default value will be. If the sub-classes sum method does not implement keepdims any exceptions will be raised.

Returns:

sum_along_axis : ndarray
An array with the same shape as a, with the specified axis removed. If a is a 0-d array, or if axis is None, a scalar is returned. If an output array is specified, a reference to out is returned.

Notes

Arithmetic is modular when using integer types, and no error is raised on overflow.

The sum of an empty array is the neutral element 0:

>>> np.sum([])
0.0

Examples

>>> np.sum([0.5, 1.5])
2.0
>>> np.sum([0.5, 0.7, 0.2, 1.5], dtype=np.int32)
1
>>> np.sum([[0, 1], [0, 5]])
6
>>> np.sum([[0, 1], [0, 5]], axis=0)
array([0, 6])
>>> np.sum([[0, 1], [0, 5]], axis=1)
array([1, 5])


In [1]: from numpy import *

In [2]: group = array([[1.0, 1.1], [1.0, 1.0], [0, 0], [0, 0.1]])

In [3]: group
Out[3]:
array([[ 1. ,  1.1],
       [ 1. ,  1. ],
       [ 0. ,  0. ],
       [ 0. ,  0.1]])

In [4]: group**2
Out[4]:
array([[ 1.  ,  1.21],
       [ 1.  ,  1.  ],
       [ 0.  ,  0.  ],
       [ 0.  ,  0.01]])

In [5]: new_group=group**2

In [6]: new_group.sum(axis=1)
Out[6]: array([ 2.21,  2.  ,  0.  ,  0.01])