Mysql5.7 linux-Centos-RedHat环境安装-RPM方式

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-07 11:47:23 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2024-07-07 11:47:23 发布 · 353 阅读

0 ·

CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

软件安装专栏收录该内容

2 篇文章

订阅专栏

本文详细介绍了MySQL 5.7版本在Linux环境下从下载到安装的全过程，包括解决依赖问题、安装必要的组件及启动数据库的方法。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

一、下载

下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
下载内容：mysql-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

二、解压

1.我把下载好的文件放在/usr/local/software/目录下

然后使用一下命令解压此文件

tar -xvf mysql-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

解压后删除此压缩文件

rm -fr mysql-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

结果如图：

三、卸载冲突的RPM组件（可以先看第五步，然后跳回来看第三步）

在我们安装mysql相关组件的时候，如果不将此冲突的组件删除掉，我们是安装不成功的。

比如：在安装时候，很可能会产生一下错误

# 安装mysql组件时出现的依赖错误
error: Failed dependencies:
        mysql-community-common(x86-64) >= 5.7.9 is needed by mysql-community-libs-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64
        mariadb-libs is obsoleted by mysql-community-libs-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64

# 卸载mariadb-libs时出现的依赖错误
error: Failed dependencies:
        libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) is needed by (installed) postfix-2:2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64
        libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) is needed by (installed) postfix-2:2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64

遇到这些错误时候，我们首先需要卸载这些RPM组件

查看这两个冲突的依赖

rpm -qa | grep postfix

rpm -qa | grep mariadb

执行结果

[root@localhost software] rpm -qa | grep postfix
postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64

[root@localhost software] rpm -qa | grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64

卸载postfix与mariadb

rpm -ev postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64

rpm -ev mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64

执行结果

[root@localhost software]rpm -ev postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64
Preparing packages...
postfix-2:2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost software]rpm -ev mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64
Preparing packages...
mariadb-libs-1:5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64

四、安装依赖组件

我在安装msql-community-server-xxx的时候出现了下面问题

root@localhost software]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
        /usr/bin/perl is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64
        libaio.so.1()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64
        libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64
        libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64
        net-tools is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64
        perl(Getopt::Long) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64
        perl(strict) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64

这时候，安装时候缺少一下三个依赖。

libaio
net-tools
perl

安装依赖

yum -y install libaio

yum -y install net-tools

yum -y install perl

五、安装mysql

经过上面的解压操作，我们得到了很多rpm文件。但是我们不需要这么多，我们只需要安装一下四个组件就可以了：

mysql-community-common-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

mysql-community-libs-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

mysql-community-client-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

因为具有依赖关系，所以我们需要按顺序执行。

用rpm -ivh 文件名就能安装相应的组件。

在执行server的时候，需要依赖安装一些工具组件，已经在上文有说明了

安装命令：

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps

执行过程：

root@localhost software]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
warning: mysql-community-common-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql-community-common-5.7.19-1.e################################# [100%]
[root@localhost software]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
warning: mysql-community-libs-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql-community-libs-5.7.19-1.el7################################# [100%]
[root@localhost software]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
warning: mysql-community-client-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql-community-client-5.7.19-1.e################################# [100%]
[root@localhost software]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.e################################# [100%]

六、启动数据库与修改密码

# 查看mysql是否启动
service mysqld status

# 启动mysql
service mysqld start

# 停止mysql
service mysqld stop

# 重启mysql
service mysqld restart

mysql安装完成之后我们是没有设置密码的，但是mysql为我们设置了一个临时的密码，我们可以查看mysql的日志知道这个临时密码。

输入如下指令可以查看临时密码

grep password /var/log/mysqld.log

执行结果

图中为临时密码

使用以下指令，输入临时密码，登录mysql

mysql -u root -p

使用以下指令，设置新密码

set password = password("Mysql_123456");