2012-9-22可樂分享美文《爲什麽人…

 

Enjoying someone else’s misfortune is known as schadenfreude and scientists from Leiden University in the Netherlands say that the lower your self-esteem is, the more you’ll experience it.
幸灾乐祸就是在别人倒霉时偷着乐。荷兰莱顿大学的科学家们说，越不自信的人越容易幸灾乐祸。

Van Dijk and his colleagues drew their conclusions after testing 70 undergraduates by asking them to read two interviews. The first was about an ambitious student who was likely to get a dream job. The second was a chat with his supervisor who revealed that his academic success had been not good enough and that he shouldn’t be offered the role.
范迪克和他的同事在实验中让70名本科生读了两篇采访报道，然后得出了结论。第一篇报道讲的是一个雄心壮志的学生有可能得到一份梦寐以求的工作。第二篇是对他的导师的采访，导师认为该学生的专业知识不是很好，不应该得到这份工作。

The volunteers were then given various statements and asked to tell what degree they agreed with them. Their responses would measure their schadenfreude. The statements included “I enjoy learning about his misfortune” and “I couldn’t resist a little smile”.
随后这些自愿参与实验的人将看到各种各样的说法，并被要求说出自己对两篇报道的认可程度。他们的回答可以测出他们幸灾乐祸的程度。说法包括“他的遭遇让我很开心”、“我忍不住笑了笑”等。

The results show that those with a low opinion of themselves were happiest at learning of the student’s misfortune. Those with low self-esteem were more likely to be threatened by the excellent student, and to experience schadenfreude. However, the researchers found that regardless of self-esteem, those who felt threatened would feel schadenfreude. The researchers thought that perhaps schadenfreude was self-affirming for them.
结果表明，那些不自信的人看到该学生的倒霉经历时感到最开心。那些自卑的学生会很容易被这个优等生威胁到，也更容易幸灾乐祸。但是，研究者发现，不管自信心有多少，他们只要感受到威胁就会产生幸灾乐祸的情绪。研究人员认为，幸灾乐祸是他们自我肯定的一种方式。

Then those with low self-esteem were given some short and intense positive thinking exercises, and the result showed that their schadnfreude levels dropped.
后来，那些自信心较差的人又参与了一些短暂的高强度正面激励训练，结果发现他们幸灾乐祸的程度有所降低。

Van Dijk said, “I think when you have low self-esteem, you will do almost anything to feel better, and when you’re confronted with the misfortune of others, you’ll feel schadenfreude.”
范迪克说：“我想当你不自信时，你会竭尽所能让自己感觉良好。当你发现别人倒霉时，你就会幸灾乐祸。”