mongo shell 常用操作

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原创最新推荐文章于 2026-08-05 10:38:36 发布 310 阅读 AI 写同款· GEO 优化 ›

02 MongoDB数据类型、重要概念以及shell常用指令类似唯一主键，可以很快的去生成和排序，包含 12 bytes，含义是：: BSON 字符串都是 UTF-8 编码。: BSON 时间戳类型主要用于 MongoDB 内部使用。在大多数情况下的应用开发中，可以使用 BSON 日期类型。: 表示当前距离 Unix新纪元（1970年1月1日）的毫秒数。日期类型是有符号的, 负数表示 1970 年之前的日期。有一些数据库名是保留的，可以直接访问这些有特殊作用的数据库。文档是一组键值(key-value)对(即 BSON)。MongoDB 的文档不需要设置相同的字阅读详情

复制集群信息
[root@mongo2 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
10.xx.xx.01 mongo1 member1.mongo.com
10.xx.xx.02  mongo2 member2.mongo.com
10.xx.xx.03   mongo3 member3.mongo.com
----------------------------------------------------------
mongo shell 常用操作
[root@mongo2 ~]# mongo --port 28017

rs0:PRIMARY> show dbs
admin   0.000GB
config  0.000GB
local   0.005GB
test    0.000GB
rs0:PRIMARY> show roles
{
        "role" : "__queryableBackup",
        "db" : "admin",
        "isBuiltin" : true,
        "roles" : [ ],
        "inheritedRoles" : [ ]
}
{
        "role" : "__system",
        "db" : "admin",
        "isBuiltin" : true,
        "roles" : [ ],
        "inheritedRoles" : [ ]
}
{
        "role" : "backup",
        "db" : "admin",
        "isBuiltin" : true,
        "roles" : [ ],
        "inheritedRoles" : [ ]
}
{
        "role" : "clusterAdmin",
        "db" : "admin",
        "isBuiltin" : true,
        "roles" : [ ],
        "inheritedRoles" : [ ]
}
{
        "role" : "clusterManager",
        "db" : "admin",
        "isBuiltin" : true,
        "roles" : [ ],
        "inheritedRoles" : [ ]
}
{
        "role" : "clusterMonitor",
        "db" : "admin",
        "isBuiltin" : true,
        "roles" : [ ],
        "inheritedRoles" : [ ]
}
{
        "role" : "dbAdmin",
        "db" : "admin",
        "isBuiltin" : true,
        "roles" : [ ],
        "inheritedRoles" : [ ]
}
{
        "role" : "dbAdminAnyDatabase",
        "db" : "admin",
        "isBuiltin" : true,
        "roles" : [ ],
        "inheritedRoles" : [ ]
}
{
        "role" : "dbOwner",
        "db" : "admin",
        "isBuiltin" : true,
        "roles" : [ ],
        "inheritedRoles" : [ ]
}
{
        "role" : "enableSharding",
        "db" : "admin",
        "isBuiltin" : true,
        "roles" : [ ],
        "inheritedRoles" : [ ]
}
{
        "role" : "hostManager",
        "db" : "admin",
        "isBuiltin" : true,
        "roles" : [ ],
        "inheritedRoles" : [ ]
}
{
        "role" : "read",
        "db" : "admin",
        "isBuiltin" : true,
        "roles" : [ ],
        "inheritedRoles" : [ ]
}
{
        "role" : "readAnyDatabase",
        "db" : "admin",
        "isBuiltin" : true,
        "roles" : [ ],
        "inheritedRoles" : [ ]
}
{
        "role" : "readWrite",
        "db" : "admin",
        "isBuiltin" : true,
        "roles" : [ ],
        "inheritedRoles" : [ ]
}
{
        "role" : "readWriteAnyDatabase",
        "db" : "admin",
        "isBuiltin" : true,
        "roles" : [ ],
        "inheritedRoles" : [ ]
}
{
        "role" : "restore",
        "db" : "admin",
        "isBuiltin" : true,
        "roles" : [ ],
        "inheritedRoles" : [ ]
}
{
        "role" : "root",
        "db" : "admin",
        "isBuiltin" : true,
        "roles" : [ ],
        "inheritedRoles" : [ ]
}
{
        "role" : "userAdmin",
        "db" : "admin",
        "isBuiltin" : true,
        "roles" : [ ],
        "inheritedRoles" : [ ]
}
{
        "role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase",
        "db" : "admin",
        "isBuiltin" : true,
        "roles" : [ ],
        "inheritedRoles" : [ ]
}

rs0:PRIMARY> show users
{
        "_id" : "admin.adminUser",
        "userId" : UUID("aa541ec9-8ef7-4dfc-ad31-7f32fc7ca256"),
        "user" : "adminUser",
        "db" : "admin",
        "roles" : [
                {
                        "role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase",
                        "db" : "admin"
                }
        ],
        "mechanisms" : [
                "SCRAM-SHA-1",
                "SCRAM-SHA-256"
        ]
}

rs0:PRIMARY> db.system.users.find().pretty()
{
        "_id" : "admin.adminUser",
        "userId" : UUID("aa541ec9-8ef7-4dfc-ad31-7f32fc7ca256"),
        "user" : "adminUser",
        "db" : "admin",
        "credentials" : {
                "SCRAM-SHA-1" : {
                        "iterationCount" : 10000,
                        "salt" : "9a5X76YmW/xqQwTxlb8ZEw==",
                        "storedKey" : "WMK+BO4mBnCSzjmQao+yoWPEg9U=",
                        "serverKey" : "x1JTfD/zza8y2JeGR8PMG48946A="
                },
                "SCRAM-SHA-256" : {
                        "iterationCount" : 15000,
                        "salt" : "80OxkOW8hlnoBMQzUFuzJgWU7E0zR+PrnZf+/A==",
                        "storedKey" : "WBo+djeM/rug1CJ7LgBufhSKQX4SbzzLahsZhaTYrLw=",
                        "serverKey" : "W51vHZ7xgmWLXFFKcN9J5Zs7V3mEduufpSLMZElRmi0="
                }
        },
        "roles" : [
                {
                        "role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase",
                        "db" : "admin"
                }
        ]
}
rs0:PRIMARY> db.dropUser("adminUser", {w: "majority", wtimeout: 5000})
rs0:PRIMARY> db.system.users.find().pretty()
rs0:PRIMARY> db.isMaster()
rs0:PRIMARY> db.serverStatus()
rs0:PRIMARY> db.serverStatus().connections
{ "current" : 12, "available" : 807, "totalCreated" : 2239, "active" : 2 }
rs0:PRIMARY> db.createUser({user: "adminUser",pwd: "admin123",roles:[{role:"userAdminAnyDatabase",db:"admin"}]})
Successfully added user: {
        "user" : "adminUser",
        "roles" : [
                {
                        "role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase",
                        "db" : "admin"
                }
        ]
}
rs0:PRIMARY> db.version()
4.2.6
rs0:PRIMARY> use test
rs0:PRIMARY> show tables
rs0:PRIMARY> db.test.find()
rs0:PRIMARY> exit

-----------------------------------------
常见监控性能
[root@mongo2 ~]# cd /root/mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.2.6/bin/
[root@mongo2 bin]# mongostat --port 28017
[root@mongo2 bin]# mongotop --port 28017
-----------------------------------------