Java实现RSA 2048加密解密

最新推荐文章于 2025-05-15 09:24:12 发布

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#rsa #java #加密解密

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本文详细介绍了如何使用OpenSSL生成2048位的RSA公钥和私钥，并提供了一个Java类实现RSA的加密和解密操作。通过Base64编码演示了加密字符串的过程，包括公钥加密和私钥解密的完整流程。

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文章目录

- 生成RSA公钥和密钥
- 编写RSA加密解密类

生成RSA公钥和密钥

openssl genrsa -out rsa_private_key_2048.pem 2048 # 生成rsa私钥，X509编码，2048位
openssl pkcs8 -in rsa_private_key_2048.pem -out rsa_private_key_2048_pkcs8.pem -nocrypt -topk8 # 转换为PKCS8编码
openssl rsa -in rsa_private_key_2048.pem -out rsa_public_key_2048.pem -pubout # 导出对应的公钥，X509编码

编写RSA加密解密类

import java.util.Base64;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import java.security.KeyFactory;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
public class RSAEncryptDecrypt
{
	// X509 公钥
	private static String publicKey = "MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAvFyBNSJuXtlpkkDgBChl" + 
			"TwY0WBl9c3DjWf3QQ+UdWfLQ0mR92ZNV2IY+yEZ4KMZvW/nH98hFm40W0K5NY1G7" + 
			"zCbDbPKjjk81sx/Ec5ms8b3htqU81pBNM68SGz2w7IfCWiJc3fMUGg5kQYOFCP+A" + 
			"DHAHf7YEOp8OpErq0LrtYWR4Pzq6RvKvZAYvhkGm7AR/hadEluMdIhWwIkdXoPr/" + 
			"0JNL6Ay50/7GyjGTCuvCpvvVLn9MpgyeLtF8cnGAnENsBSNhxT/iC19rAJ9nzuoR" + 
			"4tufZQxSHb/2mW0Rc19t52N1YRkU6RvD8lxVp/Q4CtQf8sPy5dUtb6gzSQ9cRA5S" + 
			"lQIDAQAB";
	
	// PKCS8 私钥
	private static String privateKey = "MIIEvgIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCBKgwggSkAgEAAoIBAQC8XIE1Im5e2WmS" + 
			"QOAEKGVPBjRYGX1zcONZ/dBD5R1Z8tDSZH3Zk1XYhj7IRngoxm9b+cf3yEWbjRbQ" + 
			"rk1jUbvMJsNs8qOOTzWzH8RzmazxveG2pTzWkE0zrxIbPbDsh8JaIlzd8xQaDmRB" + 
			"g4UI/4AMcAd/tgQ6nw6kSurQuu1hZHg/OrpG8q9kBi+GQabsBH+Fp0SW4x0iFbAi" + 
			"R1eg+v/Qk0voDLnT/sbKMZMK68Km+9Uuf0ymDJ4u0XxycYCcQ2wFI2HFP+ILX2sA" + 
			"n2fO6hHi259lDFIdv/aZbRFzX23nY3VhGRTpG8PyXFWn9DgK1B/yw/Ll1S1vqDNJ" + 
			"D1xEDlKVAgMBAAECggEAGIxBtogHNEtHS+0yhLgzA8p+NeEUjV/v8UF3y/FnEtrn" + 
			"RhQcpqdh77cHJZixfjbmOmliGzO5hp0rlQSyRzhWrjN7Eo7Iq/o8uFxygNJNTK//" + 
			"Y4tDU3844Hx3cp9mmFzVAmQqEC7mtsKbZEJcqyCJMpXDFGzHPlCOWvD8izlhSGjT" + 
			"N+z3qwBTaQLym9VG2GqohzVbW0wwryFPMhWOHHCiejamhmERNRBGtzwBOoPiMyzx" + 
			"/BbLgsO9T90qL/zNEEU+vrja/Wq/V84akwRysUyoJvFI6uhLED79t3odzg+cvDZV" + 
			"66TEyuKemnjQcusqulVKBuXJDLsZWronrXN9X0tBIQKBgQDrLuSvOz3rFqQWuEhc" + 
			"uZaJcFY2iFwXtHUjBGi5mWJBRVAxJlrC1Erdky79gNCsZiZrz58x/2tS1IHAUdUJ" + 
			"qPsSF1X17dT4ZIcHXd6a8eLmamNFoomR7VtcJ1gOwt+YOe3FSmANKLc63DPnZaJM" + 
			"QrWYSGGz7rp26tVQXtZv86cjHQKBgQDNCKhNKtF/p2GwS4jPfxXm679WwHYOlyPa" + 
			"fs9a64yq6orthsAYNIA2zMORHite76mGtpVNpfaQwJhjV7O445FGejVRCZII5afK" + 
			"np29jgIuRSSj2PRKI5AYaI4+PZmeHN4Uf8mm+paLwFzLyHYE6gSur1W/ryJxhqq1" + 
			"2OSVjGub2QKBgQCuPgjqFt8yDI031AKwyENSwmrtbiuk2GssrXiVgaF9MEhQkdUO" + 
			"odBxxzk6UjTIdcojeCi/FzjBnnYfMcG/rXWOmsFyOmneOkScXZyueWWdRtcT4W9B" + 
			"MXTNmsyv6wtTsh+KWyc8uJzAPCMsXm1XSNlX4NCaSdXWgvfV2t3PBdsftQKBgGJR" + 
			"HnMybxcpajyhW88z/4qlzTCKRZIlg3nIiSHuBZwHr+rKTN7OfhTJB5ZUwzNY9Q+2" + 
			"Cc4cISm0UN6CNZoY9Za4D0z2q+I8TcNpX/Z/XChX24P+CtZqSzSJHnxWCY26BfwK" + 
			"cuXxD7Of4F+Plpgwp2IkjZfHIVsS2lUs1h+oIAmxAoGBAKwPruU4J4ir23kw6joG" + 
			"RJ9wMzEvsis6wErMfZP0YjHGm5gD4l3gPEhv6Z6FQCgsKCPeo1QRr2xOMRdR3qbz" + 
			"OsvtbU4l0cjitkQJT2geiWkIs8n+QlCzxV/XJMe1kKysdu0yJr3GtCqsCaFv9+9i" + 
			"xhcjT63ir4OgV9Bdf/geRMYh";
	
	public static byte[] encrypt(byte[] str, String publicKey) throws Exception
	{
		// base64编码的公钥
		byte[] decoded = Base64.getDecoder().decode(publicKey);
		RSAPublicKey pubKey = (RSAPublicKey) KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA")
				.generatePublic(new X509EncodedKeySpec(decoded));
		// RSA加密
		Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
		cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, pubKey);
		return cipher.doFinal(str);
	}

	public static byte[] decrypt(byte[] str, String privateKey) throws Exception
	{
		// base64编码的私钥
		byte[] decoded = Base64.getDecoder().decode(privateKey);
		RSAPrivateKey priKey = (RSAPrivateKey) KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA")
				.generatePrivate(new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(decoded));
		// RSA解密
		Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
		cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, priKey);
		return cipher.doFinal(str);
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
	{
		byte[] message = "123456test测试".getBytes();
		System.out.println("原始字符串为:" + new String(message));
		byte[] messageEn = encrypt(message, publicKey);
		System.out.println("加密后的Base64字符串为:" + new String(Base64.getEncoder().encode(messageEn)));
		byte[] messageDe = decrypt(messageEn, privateKey);
		System.out.println("还原后的字符串为:" + new String(messageDe));
	}
}