简单易懂的Kubernetes（K8S）单节点二进制部署详细步骤

一：环境部署

官网地址：https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/releases?after=v1.13.1

二：K8S部署

Master1:192.168.200.10/24  kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler etcd
Node01:192.168.200.40/24 kubelet kube-proxy docker flannel etcd
Node02:192.168.200.60/24 kubelet kube-proxy docker flannel etcd

（一）、ETCD组件部署

master1上进行操作

[root@master1 ~]# mkdir k8s
[root@master1 ~]# cd k8s/

[root@master1 k8s]# ls    #将以下两个脚本文件上传到该目录下
etcd-cert.sh  etcd.sh   #etcd-cert.sh为etcd证书的脚本，etcd.sh为etcd服务的脚本

[root@master1 k8s]# mkdir etcd-cert
[root@master1 k8s]# ls
etcd-cert  etcd-cert.sh  etcd.sh
[root@master1 k8s]# mv etcd-cert.sh etcd-cert

1、下载证书制作工具

[root@master1 k8s]# vim cfssl.sh
curl -L https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64 -o /usr/local/bin/cfssl
curl -L https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64 -o /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
curl -L https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 -o /usr/local/bin/cfssl-certinfo
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/cfssl /usr/local/bin/cfssljson /usr/local/bin/cfssl-certinfo

2、下载cfssl官方包

[root@master1 k8s]# bash cfssl.sh
[root@master1 k8s]# ls /usr/local/bin/
cfssl  cfssl-certinfo  cfssljson

3、开始制作证书

//cfssl 生成证书工具 ， cfssljson通过传入json文件生成证书，cfssl-certinfo查看证书信息

#定义ca证书

[root@master1 ~]# cd  /root/k8s/etcd-cert
cat > ca-config.json <<EOF
{
   
   
  "signing": {
   
   
    "default": {
   
   
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
   
   
      "www": {
   
   
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"     
        ]  
      } 
    }         
  }
}
EOF

#实现证书签名

[root@master1 ~]# cd  /root/k8s/etcd-cert
cat > ca-csr.json <<EOF 
{
   
      
    "CN": "etcd CA",
    "key": {
   
   
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
   
   
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

#生产证书，生成ca-key.pem ca.pem

[root@master1 etcd-cert]# cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
2021/04/10 22:53:30 [INFO] generating a new CA key and certificate from CSR
2021/04/10 22:53:30 [INFO] generate received request
2021/04/10 22:53:30 [INFO] received CSR
2021/04/10 22:53:30 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2021/04/10 22:53:30 [INFO] encoded CSR
2021/04/10 22:53:30 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 397125830926114737701706075410049927608256756699

4、指定etcd三个节点之间的通信验证

[root@master1 ~]# cd  /root/k8s/etcd-cert
cat > server-csr.json <<EOF
{
   
   
    "CN": "etcd",
    "hosts": [
    "192.168.200.10",
    "192.168.200.40",
    "192.168.200.60"
    ],
    "key": {
   
   
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
   
   
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

5、生成ETCD证书 server-key.pem server.pem

[root@master1 ~]# cd  /root/k8s/etcd-cert
[root@master1 etcd-cert]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
2021/04/10 22:57:45 [INFO] generate received request
2021/04/10 22:57:45 [INFO] received CSR
2021/04/10 22:57:45 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2021/04/10 22:57:45 [INFO] encoded CSR
2021/04/10 22:57:45 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 219342381748991728851284184667512408378336584859
2021/04/10 22:57:45 [WARNING] This certificate lacks a "hosts" field. This makes it unsuitable for
websites. For more information see the Baseline Requirements for the Issuance and Management
of Publicly-Trusted Certificates, v.1.1.6, from the CA/Browser Forum (https://cabforum.org);
specifically, section 10.2.3 ("Information Requirements").

[root@master1 etcd-cert]# ls
ca-config.json  ca-key.pem    server.csr       server.pem
ca.csr          ca.pem        server-csr.json
ca-csr.json     etcd-cert.sh  server-key.pem

#ETCD 二进制包地址
https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases

6、将以上三个压缩包上传到 /root/k8s 目录中

[root@master1 etcd-cert]# cd ~/k8s/


[root@master1 k8s]# ls
cfssl.sh   etcd.sh                          flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
etcd-cert  etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64.tar.gz  kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz

[root@master1 k8s]# tar zxvf etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64.tar.gz

[root@master1 k8s]# ls etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64
Documentation  etcdctl            README.md
etcd           README-etcdctl.md  READMEv2-etcdctl.md

[root@master1 k8s]#  mkdir /opt/etcd/{
   
   cfg,bin,ssl} -p    //cfg:配置文件，bin:命令文件，ssl:证书

[root@master1 k8s]# mv etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64/etcd etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64/etcdctl /opt/etcd/bin/
[root@master1 k8s]# ls /opt/etcd/bin/
etcd  etcdctl

7、证书拷贝

[root@master1 k8s]# cp etcd-cert/*.pem /opt/etcd/ssl/
[root@master1 k8s]# ls /opt/etcd/ssl/
ca-key.pem  ca.pem  server-key.pem  server.pem

8、进入卡住状态等待其他节点加入

[root@master1 k8s]# bash etcd.sh etcd01 192.168.200.10 etcd02=https://192.168.200.40:2380,etcd03=https://192.168.200.60:2380

#新开master1的一个会话，会发现etcd进程已经开启

[root@localhost ~]# ps -ef | grep etcd

9、拷贝证书去其他节点

[root@master1 k8s]# scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.200.40:/opt/
[root@master1 k8s]# scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.200.60:/opt/

10、启动脚本拷贝其他节点

[root@master1 ~]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@192.168.200.40:/usr/lib/systemd/system/

[root@master1 ~]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@192.168.200.60:/usr/lib/systemd/system/

11、在node1节点与node2节点均需修改

###在node1节点修改
[root@node1 system]# cd /opt/etcd/cfg/
[root@node1 cfg]# vim etcd 
#[