这篇博客详细介绍了如何在Spring中使用AOP进行功能增强，包括定义注解、创建切面以及实现缓存优化。作者通过创建注解、定义切面并结合Controller展示了AOP在拦截请求和处理中的应用。同时，还利用AOP实现了一个简单的缓存策略，提升了接口的响应速度。文章最后进行了整体的优化总结。
1、AOP使用
(1)定义一个注解：
//Type 代表可以放在类上面 Method 代表可以放在方法上
@Target({ElementType.METHOD})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface LogAnnotation {
String module() default "";
String operator() default "";
}
然后再Controller加注解就行，加了注解就表示是切点了，因为下面切面是这样定义的
然后我们还得加个切面：
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.hjy.utils.HttpContextUtils;
import com.hjy.utils.IpUtils;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;
import org.aspectj.lang.reflect.MethodSignature;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
@Component
@Aspect //切面 定义了通知和切点的关系
@Slf4j
public class LogAspect {
//@annotation(com.hjy.common.aop.LogAnnotation)是切点表达式，表示加了LogAnnotation注解都是切点
//pt()就是切点表达式分装好了
@Pointcut("@annotation(com.hjy.common.aop.LogAnnotation)")
public void pt(){}
//环绕通知,在执行切点（就是加了注解的才是切点）就执行环绕通知
@Around("pt()")
public Object log(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable {
long beginTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
//执行方法
Object result = joinPoint.proceed();
//执行时长(毫秒)
long time = System.currentTimeMillis() - beginTime;
//保存日志
recordLog(joinPoint, time);
return result;
}
private void recordLog(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint, long time) {
MethodSignature signature = (MethodSignature) joinPoint.getSignature();
Method method = signature.getMethod();
LogAnnotation logAnnotation = method.getAnnotation(LogAnnotation.class);
log.info("=====================log start================================");
log.info("module:{}",logAnnotation.module());
log.info("operation:{}",logAnnotation.operator());
//请求的方法名
String className = joinPoint.getTarget().getClass().getName();
String methodName = signature.getName();
log.info("request method:{}",className + "." + methodName + "()");
// //请求的参数
Object[] args = joinPoint.getArgs();
String params = JSON.toJSONString(args[0]);
log.info("params:{}",params);
//获取request 设置IP地址
HttpServletRequest request = HttpContextUtils.getHttpServletRequest();
log.info("ip:{}", IpUtils.getIpAddr(request));
log.info("excute time : {} ms",time);
log.info("=====================log end================================");
}
}
再把ip等工具类加上：
public class HttpContextUtils {
public static HttpServletRequest getHttpServletRequest() {
return ((ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes()).getRequest();
}
}
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
/**
* 获取Ip
*
*/
@Slf4j
public class IpUtils {
/**
* 获取IP地址
* <p>
* 使用Nginx等反向代理软件， 则不能通过request.getRemoteAddr()获取IP地址
* 如果使用了多级反向代理的话，X-Forwarded-For的值并不止一个，而是一串IP地址，X-Forwarded-For中第一个非unknown的有效IP字符串，则为真实IP地址
*/
public static String getIpAddr(HttpServletRequest request) {
String ip = null, unknown = "unknown", seperator = ",";
int maxLength = 15;
try {
ip = request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for");
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(ip) || unknown.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP");
}
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(ip) || ip.length() == 0 || unknown.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP");
}
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(ip) || unknown.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_CLIENT_IP");
}
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(ip) || unknown.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR");
}
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(ip) || unknown.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getRemoteAddr();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("IpUtils ERROR ", e);
}
// 使用代理，则获取第一个IP地址
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(ip) && ip.length() > maxLength) {
int idx = ip.indexOf(seperator);
if (idx > 0) {
ip = ip.substring(0, idx);
}
}
return ip;
}
/**
* 获取ip地址
*
* @return
*/
public static String getIpAddr() {
HttpServletRequest request = HttpContextUtils.getHttpServletRequest();
return getIpAddr(request);
}
}
访问那个接口完事：
可详细可参考：AOP
2.缓存优化
这里也是用了aop来缓存接口：
先定义注解：
@Target({ElementType.METHOD})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface Cache {
long expire() default 1 * 60 * 1000;
//缓存标识 key
String name() default "";
}
切面：
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.hjy.vo.Result;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.codec.digest.DigestUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.Signature;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.AliasFor;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.time.Duration;
//aop 定义一个切面，切面定义了切点和通知的关系
@Aspect
@Component
@Slf4j
public class CacheAspect {
private static final ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
@Autowired
private RedisTemplate<String, String> redisTemplate;
@Pointcut("@annotation(com.包路径.Cache)")
public void pt(){}
@Around("pt()")
public Object around(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp){
try {
Signature signature = pjp.getSignature();
//类名
String className = pjp.getTarget().getClass().getSimpleName();
//调用的方法名
String methodName = signature.getName();
Class[] parameterTypes = new Class[pjp.getArgs().length];
Object[] args = pjp.getArgs();
//参数
String params = "";
for(int i=0; i<args.length; i++) {
if(args[i] != null) {
params += JSON.toJSONString(args[i]);
parameterTypes[i] = args[i].getClass();
}else {
parameterTypes[i] = null;
}
}
if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(params)) {
//加密 以防出现key过长以及字符转义获取不到的情况
params = DigestUtils.md5Hex(params);
}
Method method = pjp.getSignature().getDeclaringType().getMethod(methodName, parameterTypes);
//获取Cache注解
Cache annotation = method.getAnnotation(Cache.class);
//缓存过期时间
long expire = annotation.expire();
//缓存名称
String name = annotation.name();
//先从redis获取
String redisKey = name + "::" + className+"::"+methodName+"::"+params;
String redisValue = redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(redisKey);
if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(redisValue)){
log.info("走了缓存~~~,{},{}",className,methodName);
Result result = JSON.parseObject(redisValue, Result.class);
return result;
}
Object proceed = pjp.proceed();
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(redisKey,JSON.toJSONString(proceed), Duration.ofMillis(expire));
log.info("存入缓存~~~ {},{}",className,methodName);
return proceed;
} catch (Throwable throwable) {
throwable.printStackTrace();
}
return Result.fail(-999,"系统错误");
}
}
ctroller：
测试：
3、别的优化
4、总结
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