在调用μC/OS-Ⅱ的任何其它服务之前,μC/OS-Ⅱ要求用户首先调用系统初始化函数OSIint()。OSIint()初始化μC/OS-Ⅱ所有的变量和数据结构(见OS_CORE.C)。
OSInit()建立空闲任务idle task,这个任务总是处于就绪态的。空闲任务OSTaskIdle()的优先级总是设成最低,即OS_LOWEST_PRIO。如果统计任务允许OS_TASK_STAT_EN和任务建立扩展允许都设为1,则OSInit()还得建立统计任务OSTaskStat()并且让其进入就绪态。OSTaskStat的优先级总是设为OS_LOWEST_PRIO-1。
图F3.7表示调用OSInit()之后,一些μC/OS-Ⅱ变量和数据结构之间的关系。其解释是基于以下假设的:
l 在文件OS_CFG.H中,OS_TASK_STAT_EN是设为1的。
l 在文件OS_CFG.H中,OS_LOWEST_PRIO是设为63的。
l 在文件OS_CFG.H中, 最多任务数OS_MAX_TASKS是设成大于2的。
以上两个任务的任务控制块(OS_TCBs)是用双向链表链接在一起的。OSTCBList指向这个链表的起始处。当建立一个任务时,这个任务总是被放在这个链表的起始处。换句话说,OSTCBList总是指向最后建立的那个任务。链的终点指向空字符NULL(也就是零)。
因为这两个任务都处在就绪态,在就绪任务表OSRdyTbl[]中的相应位是设为1的。还有,因为这两个任务的相应位是在OSRdyTbl[]的同一行上,即属同一组,故OSRdyGrp中只有1位是设为1的。
μC/OS-Ⅱ还初始化了4个空数据结构缓冲区,如图F3.8所示。每个缓冲区都是单向链表,允许μC/OS-Ⅱ从缓冲区中迅速得到或释放一个缓冲区中的元素。注意,空任务控制块在空缓冲区中的数目取决于最多任务数OS_MAX_TASKS,这个最多任务数是在OS_CFG.H文件中定义的。μC/OS-Ⅱ自动安排总的系统任务数OS_N_SYS_TASKS(见文件μC/OS-Ⅱ.H)。控制块OS_TCB的数目也就自动确定了。当然,包括足够的任务控制块分配给统计任务和空闲任务。指向空事件表OSEventFreeList和空队列表OSFreeList的指针将在第6章,任务间通讯与同步中讨论。指向空存储区的指针表OSMemFreeList将在第7章存储管理中讨论。
/*
*********************************************************************************************************
* INITIALIZATION
*
* Description: This function is used to initialize the internals of uC/OS-II and MUST be called prior to
* creating any uC/OS-II object and, prior to calling OSStart().
*
* Arguments : none
*
* Returns : none
*********************************************************************************************************
*/
void OSInit (void) reentrant
{
INT16U i;
INT8U *prdytbl;
OS_TCB *ptcb1;
OS_TCB *ptcb2;
#if (OS_EVENT_EN > 0) && (OS_MAX_EVENTS > 1)
OS_EVENT *pevent1;
OS_EVENT *pevent2;
#endif
#if OS_VERSION >= 204
OSInitHookBegin(); /* Call port specific initialization code */
#endif
#if OS_TIME_GET_SET_EN > 0
OSTime = 0L; /* Clear the 32-bit system clock */
#endif
OSIntNesting = 0; /* Clear the interrupt nesting counter */
OSLockNesting = 0; /* Clear the scheduling lock counter */
OSTaskCtr = 0; /* Clear the number of tasks */
OSRunning = FALSE; /* Indicate that multitasking not started */
OSIdleCtr = 0L; /* Clear the 32-bit idle counter */
#if (OS_TASK_STAT_EN > 0) && (OS_TASK_CREATE_EXT_EN > 0)
OSIdleCtrRun = 0L;
OSIdleCtrMax = 0L;
OSStatRdy = FALSE; /* Statistic task is not ready */
#endif
OSCtxSwCtr = 0; /* Clear the context switch counter */
OSRdyGrp = 0x00; /* Clear the ready list */
prdytbl = &OSRdyTbl[0];
for (i = 0; i < OS_RDY_TBL_SIZE; i++) {
*prdytbl++ = 0x00;
}
OSPrioCur = 0;
OSPrioHighRdy = 0;
OSTCBHighRdy = (OS_TCB *)0; /* TCB Initialization */
OSTCBCur = (OS_TCB *)0;
OSTCBList = (OS_TCB *)0;
for (i = 0; i < (OS_LOWEST_PRIO + 1); i++) { /* Clear the priority table */
OSTCBPrioTbl[i] = (OS_TCB *)0;
}
ptcb1 = &OSTCBTbl[0];
ptcb2 = &OSTCBTbl[1];
for (i = 0; i < (OS_MAX_TASKS + OS_N_SYS_TASKS - 1); i++) { /* Init. list of free TCBs */
ptcb1->OSTCBNext = ptcb2;
ptcb1++;
ptcb2++;
}
ptcb1->OSTCBNext = (OS_TCB *)0; /* Last OS_TCB */
OSTCBFreeList = &OSTCBTbl[0]; //把OSTCBTbl做成一个链表
#if (OS_EVENT_EN > 0) && (OS_MAX_EVENTS > 0)
#if OS_MAX_EVENTS == 1
OSEventFreeList = &OSEventTbl[0]; /* Only have ONE event control block */
OSEventFreeList->OSEventType = OS_EVENT_TYPE_UNUSED;
OSEventFreeList->OSEventPtr = (OS_EVENT *)0;
#else
pevent1 = &OSEventTbl[0];
pevent2 = &OSEventTbl[1];
for (i = 0; i < (OS_MAX_EVENTS - 1); i++) { /* Init. list of free EVENT control blocks */
pevent1->OSEventType = OS_EVENT_TYPE_UNUSED;
pevent1->OSEventPtr = pevent2;
pevent1++;
pevent2++;
}
pevent1->OSEventType = OS_EVENT_TYPE_UNUSED;
pevent1->OSEventPtr = (OS_EVENT *)0;
OSEventFreeList = &OSEventTbl[0];
#endif
#endif
#if (OS_VERSION >= 251) && (OS_FLAG_EN > 0) && (OS_MAX_FLAGS > 0)
OS_FlagInit(); /* Initialize the event flag structures */
#endif
#if (OS_Q_EN > 0) && (OS_MAX_QS > 0)
OS_QInit(); /* Initialize the message queue structures */
#endif
#if (OS_MEM_EN > 0) && (OS_MAX_MEM_PART > 0)
OS_MemInit(); /* Initialize the memory manager */
#endif
/* ------------------------------------- CREATION OF 'IDLE' TASK --------------------------------------- */
#if OS_TASK_CREATE_EXT_EN > 0
#if OS_STK_GROWTH == 1
(void)OSTaskCreateExt(OS_TaskIdle,
(void *)0, /* No arguments passed to OS_TaskIdle() */
&OSTaskIdleStk[OS_TASK_IDLE_STK_SIZE - 1], /* Set Top-Of-Stack */
OS_IDLE_PRIO, /* Lowest priority level */
OS_TASK_IDLE_ID,
&OSTaskIdleStk[0], /* Set Bottom-Of-Stack */
OS_TASK_IDLE_STK_SIZE,
(void *)0, /* No TCB extension */
OS_TASK_OPT_STK_CHK | OS_TASK_OPT_STK_CLR);/* Enable stack checking + clear stack */
#else
(void)OSTaskCreateExt(OS_TaskIdle,
(void *)0, /* No arguments passed to OS_TaskIdle() */
&OSTaskIdleStk[0], /* Set Top-Of-Stack */
OS_IDLE_PRIO, /* Lowest priority level */
OS_TASK_IDLE_ID,
&OSTaskIdleStk[OS_TASK_IDLE_STK_SIZE - 1], /* Set Bottom-Of-Stack */
OS_TASK_IDLE_STK_SIZE,
(void *)0, /* No TCB extension */
OS_TASK_OPT_STK_CHK | OS_TASK_OPT_STK_CLR);/* Enable stack checking + clear stack */
#endif
#else
#if OS_STK_GROWTH == 1
(void)OSTaskCreate(OS_TaskIdle,
(void *)0,
&OSTaskIdleStk[OS_TASK_IDLE_STK_SIZE - 1],
OS_IDLE_PRIO);
#else
(void)OSTaskCreate(OS_TaskIdle,
(void *)0,
&OSTaskIdleStk[0],
OS_IDLE_PRIO);
#endif
#endif
/* ------------------------------- CREATION OF 'STATISTIC' TASK ---------------------------------- */
#if OS_TASK_STAT_EN > 0
#if OS_TASK_CREATE_EXT_EN > 0
#if OS_STK_GROWTH == 1
(void)OSTaskCreateExt(OS_TaskStat,
(void *)0, /* No args passed to OS_TaskStat()*/
&OSTaskStatStk[OS_TASK_STAT_STK_SIZE - 1], /* Set Top-Of-Stack */
OS_STAT_PRIO, /* One higher than the idle task */
OS_TASK_STAT_ID,
&OSTaskStatStk[0], /* Set Bottom-Of-Stack */
OS_TASK_STAT_STK_SIZE,
(void *)0, /* No TCB extension */
OS_TASK_OPT_STK_CHK | OS_TASK_OPT_STK_CLR); /* Enable stack checking + clear */
#else
(void)OSTaskCreateExt(OS_TaskStat,
(void *)0, /* No args passed to OS_TaskStat()*/
&OSTaskStatStk[0], /* Set Top-Of-Stack */
OS_STAT_PRIO, /* One higher than the idle task */
OS_TASK_STAT_ID,
&OSTaskStatStk[OS_TASK_STAT_STK_SIZE - 1], /* Set Bottom-Of-Stack */
OS_TASK_STAT_STK_SIZE,
(void *)0, /* No TCB extension */
OS_TASK_OPT_STK_CHK | OS_TASK_OPT_STK_CLR); /* Enable stack checking + clear */
#endif
#else
#if OS_STK_GROWTH == 1
(void)OSTaskCreate(OS_TaskStat,
(void *)0, /* No args passed to OS_TaskStat()*/
&OSTaskStatStk[OS_TASK_STAT_STK_SIZE - 1], /* Set Top-Of-Stack */
OS_STAT_PRIO); /* One higher than the idle task */
#else
(void)OSTaskCreate(OS_TaskStat,
(void *)0, /* No args passed to OS_TaskStat()*/
&OSTaskStatStk[0], /* Set Top-Of-Stack */
OS_STAT_PRIO); /* One higher than the idle task */
#endif
#endif
#endif
#if OS_VERSION >= 204
OSInitHookEnd(); /* Call port specific init. code */
#endif
}