Mysql5.7修改配置文件、端口未生效

文章详细介绍了MySQL的安装路径、配置文件my.ini的位置及其作用,特别是端口号的设置和数据存储位置。my.ini文件中包含了客户端和服务器的配置,如port、datadir等,对数据库的连接和性能有直接影响。同时,提到了其他关键配置选项,如存储引擎、查询缓存和InnoDB的相关参数。

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首先要分清Mysql安装位置及配置、数据存储位置

本人数据库安装位置:
C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7
配置文件位置:
C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7

mysql配置文件默认位置,端口号等信息需要在my.ini文件中修改,若修改安装位置的my-default文件文件或新建my.ini文件是不生效的。

理解事项:
my.ini文件中

client的port配置:如果客户端链接数据库时,没有指定端口号,则默认为3306。
mysql的port配置:mysql对外提供服务的端口号,客户端如果要连接mysql的话,就需要用此端口。

在这里插入图片描述

# Other default tuning values
# MySQL Server Instance Configuration File
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Generated by the MySQL Server Instance Configuration Wizard
#
#
# Installation Instructions
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# On Linux you can copy this file to /etc/my.cnf to set global options,
# mysql-data-dir/my.cnf to set server-specific options
# (@localstatedir@ for this installation) or to
# ~/.my.cnf to set user-specific options.
#
# On Windows you should keep this file in the installation directory 
# of your server (e.g. C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server X.Y). To
# make sure the server reads the config file use the startup option 
# "--defaults-file". 
#
# To run run the server from the command line, execute this in a 
# command line shell, e.g.
# mysqld --defaults-file="C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server X.Y\my.ini"
#
# To install the server as a Windows service manually, execute this in a 
# command line shell, e.g.
# mysqld --install MySQLXY --defaults-file="C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server X.Y\my.ini"
#
# And then execute this in a command line shell to start the server, e.g.
# net start MySQLXY
#
#
# Guildlines for editing this file
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# In this file, you can use all long options that the program supports.
# If you want to know the options a program supports, start the program
# with the "--help" option.
#
# More detailed information about the individual options can also be
# found in the manual.
#
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
#
#
# CLIENT SECTION
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# The following options will be read by MySQL client applications.
# Note that only client applications shipped by MySQL are guaranteed
# to read this section. If you want your own MySQL client program to
# honor these values, you need to specify it as an option during the
# MySQL client library initialization.
#
[client]

# pipe
# socket=0.0
port=3306

[mysql]
no-beep

default-character-set=utf8


# SERVER SECTION
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# The following options will be read by the MySQL Server. Make sure that
# you have installed the server correctly (see above) so it reads this 
# file.
#
# server_type=3
[mysqld]


# The next three options are mutually exclusive to SERVER_PORT below.
# skip-networking

# enable-named-pipe

# shared-memory

# shared-memory-base-name=MYSQL

# The Pipe the MySQL Server will use
# socket=MYSQL

# The TCP/IP Port the MySQL Server will listen on
port=3306

# Path to installation directory. All paths are usually resolved relative to this.
# basedir="C:/Program Files/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.7/"

# Path to the database root
datadir=C:/ProgramData/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.7\Data

# The default character set that will be used when a new schema or table is
# created and no character set is defined
character-set-server=utf8

# The default storage engine that will be used when create new tables when
default-storage-engine=INNODB

# Set the SQL mode to strict
sql-mode="STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION"

# Enable Windows Authentication
# plugin-load=authentication_windows.dll

# General and Slow logging.
log-output=FILE
general-log=0
general_log_file="8XFYNHDBG82FYFZ.log"
slow-query-log=1
slow_query_log_file="8XFYNHDBG82FYFZ-slow.log"
long_query_time=10

# Binary Logging.
# log-bin
log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id=1
binlog_format=ROW
# Error Logging.
log-error="8XFYNHDBG82FYFZ.err"

# Server Id.
server-id=1

# Secure File Priv.
secure-file-priv="C:/ProgramData/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.7/Uploads"

# The maximum amount of concurrent sessions the MySQL server will
# allow. One of these connections will be reserved for a user with
# SUPER privileges to allow the administrator to login even if the
# connection limit has been reached.
max_connections=151

# Query cache is used to cache SELECT results and later return them
# without actual executing the same query once again. Having the query
# cache enabled may result in significant speed improvements, if your
# have a lot of identical queries and rarely changing tables. See the
# "Qcache_lowmem_prunes" status variable to check if the current value
# is high enough for your load.
# Note: In case your tables change very often or if your queries are
# textually different every time, the query cache may result in a
# slowdown instead of a performance improvement.
query_cache_size=0

# The number of open tables for all threads. Increasing this value
# increases the number of file descriptors that mysqld requires.
# Therefore you have to make sure to set the amount of open files
# allowed to at least 4096 in the variable "open-files-limit" in
# section [mysqld_safe]
table_open_cache=2000

# Maximum size for internal (in-memory) temporary tables. If a table
# grows larger than this value, it is automatically converted to disk
# based table This limitation is for a single table. There can be many
# of them.
tmp_table_size=68M

# How many threads we should keep in a cache for reuse. When a client
# disconnects, the client's threads are put in the cache if there aren't
# more than thread_cache_size threads from before.  This greatly reduces
# the amount of thread creations needed if you have a lot of new
# connections. (Normally this doesn't give a notable performance
# improvement if you have a good thread implementation.)
thread_cache_size=10

#*** MyISAM Specific options
# The maximum size of the temporary file MySQL is allowed to use while
# recreating the index (during REPAIR, ALTER TABLE or LOAD DATA INFILE.
# If the file-size would be bigger than this, the index will be created
# through the key cache (which is slower).
myisam_max_sort_file_size=100G

# If the temporary file used for fast index creation would be bigger
# than using the key cache by the amount specified here, then prefer the
# key cache method.  This is mainly used to force long character keys in
# large tables to use the slower key cache method to create the index.
myisam_sort_buffer_size=127M

# Size of the Key Buffer, used to cache index blocks for MyISAM tables.
# Do not set it larger than 30% of your available memory, as some memory
# is also required by the OS to cache rows. Even if you're not using
# MyISAM tables, you should still set it to 8-64M as it will also be
# used for internal temporary disk tables.
key_buffer_size=8M

# Size of the buffer used for doing full table scans of MyISAM tables.
# Allocated per thread, if a full scan is needed.
read_buffer_size=64K
read_rnd_buffer_size=256K

#*** INNODB Specific options ***
# innodb_data_home_dir=0.0

# Use this option if you have a MySQL server with InnoDB support enabled
# but you do not plan to use it. This will save memory and disk space
# and speed up some things.
# skip-innodb

# If set to 1, InnoDB will flush (fsync) the transaction logs to the
# disk at each commit, which offers full ACID behavior. If you are
# willing to compromise this safety, and you are running small
# transactions, you may set this to 0 or 2 to reduce disk I/O to the
# logs. Value 0 means that the log is only written to the log file and
# the log file flushed to disk approximately once per second. Value 2
# means the log is written to the log file at each commit, but the log
# file is only flushed to disk approximately once per second.
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1

# The size of the buffer InnoDB uses for buffering log data. As soon as
# it is full, InnoDB will have to flush it to disk. As it is flushed
# once per second anyway, it does not make sense to have it very large
# (even with long transactions).
innodb_log_buffer_size=1M

# InnoDB, unlike MyISAM, uses a buffer pool to cache both indexes and
# row data. The bigger you set this the less disk I/O is needed to
# access data in tables. On a dedicated database server you may set this
# parameter up to 80% of the machine physical memory size. Do not set it
# too large, though, because competition of the physical memory may
# cause paging in the operating system.  Note that on 32bit systems you
# might be limited to 2-3.5G of user level memory per process, so do not
# set it too high.
innodb_buffer_pool_size=8M

# Size of each log file in a log group. You should set the combined size
# of log files to about 25%-100% of your buffer pool size to avoid
# unneeded buffer pool flush activity on log file overwrite. However,
# note that a larger logfile size will increase the time needed for the
# recovery process.
innodb_log_file_size=48M

# Number of threads allowed inside the InnoDB kernel. The optimal value
# depends highly on the application, hardware as well as the OS
# scheduler properties. A too high value may lead to thread thrashing.
innodb_thread_concurrency=9

# The increment size (in MB) for extending the size of an auto-extend InnoDB system tablespace file when it becomes full.
innodb_autoextend_increment=64

# The number of regions that the InnoDB buffer pool is divided into.
# For systems with buffer pools in the multi-gigabyte range, dividing the buffer pool into separate instances can improve concurrency,
# by reducing contention as different threads read and write to cached pages.
innodb_buffer_pool_instances=8

# Determines the number of threads that can enter InnoDB concurrently.
innodb_concurrency_tickets=5000

# Specifies how long in milliseconds (ms) a block inserted into the old sublist must stay there after its first access before
# it can be moved to the new sublist.
innodb_old_blocks_time=1000

# It specifies the maximum number of .ibd files that MySQL can keep open at one time. The minimum value is 10.
innodb_open_files=300

# When this variable is enabled, InnoDB updates statistics during metadata statements.
innodb_stats_on_metadata=0

# When innodb_file_per_table is enabled (the default in 5.6.6 and higher), InnoDB stores the data and indexes for each newly created table
# in a separate .ibd file, rather than in the system tablespace.
innodb_file_per_table=1

# Use the following list of values: 0 for crc32, 1 for strict_crc32, 2 for innodb, 3 for strict_innodb, 4 for none, 5 for strict_none.
innodb_checksum_algorithm=0

# The number of outstanding connection requests MySQL can have.
# This option is useful when the main MySQL thread gets many connection requests in a very short time.
# It then takes some time (although very little) for the main thread to check the connection and start a new thread.
# The back_log value indicates how many requests can be stacked during this short time before MySQL momentarily
# stops answering new requests.
# You need to increase this only if you expect a large number of connections in a short period of time.
back_log=80

# If this is set to a nonzero value, all tables are closed every flush_time seconds to free up resources and
# synchronize unflushed data to disk.
# This option is best used only on systems with minimal resources.
flush_time=0

# The minimum size of the buffer that is used for plain index scans, range index scans, and joins that do not use
# indexes and thus perform full table scans.
join_buffer_size=256K

# The maximum size of one packet or any generated or intermediate string, or any parameter sent by the
# mysql_stmt_send_long_data() C API function.
max_allowed_packet=4M

# If more than this many successive connection requests from a host are interrupted without a successful connection,
# the server blocks that host from performing further connections.
max_connect_errors=100

# Changes the number of file descriptors available to mysqld.
# You should try increasing the value of this option if mysqld gives you the error "Too many open files".
open_files_limit=4161

# Set the query cache type. 0 for OFF, 1 for ON and 2 for DEMAND.
query_cache_type=0

# If you see many sort_merge_passes per second in SHOW GLOBAL STATUS output, you can consider increasing the
# sort_buffer_size value to speed up ORDER BY or GROUP BY operations that cannot be improved with query optimization
# or improved indexing.
sort_buffer_size=256K

# The number of table definitions (from .frm files) that can be stored in the definition cache.
# If you use a large number of tables, you can create a large table definition cache to speed up opening of tables.
# The table definition cache takes less space and does not use file descriptors, unlike the normal table cache.
# The minimum and default values are both 400.
table_definition_cache=1400

# Specify the maximum size of a row-based binary log event, in bytes.
# Rows are grouped into events smaller than this size if possible. The value should be a multiple of 256.
binlog_row_event_max_size=8K

# If the value of this variable is greater than 0, a replication slave synchronizes its master.info file to disk.
# (using fdatasync()) after every sync_master_info events.
sync_master_info=10000

# If the value of this variable is greater than 0, the MySQL server synchronizes its relay log to disk.
# (using fdatasync()) after every sync_relay_log writes to the relay log.
sync_relay_log=10000

# If the value of this variable is greater than 0, a replication slave synchronizes its relay-log.info file to disk.
# (using fdatasync()) after every sync_relay_log_info transactions.
sync_relay_log_info=10000

# Load mysql plugins at start."plugin_x ; plugin_y".
# plugin_load

# MySQL server's plugin configuration.
# loose_mysqlx_port=33060

mysql安装位置:

在这里插入图片描述

<think>好的,我现在需要帮助用户解决如何在MySQL 5.7中正确修改my.ini配置文件的问题。首先,我需要整理已有的引用信息,看看用户提供的参考内容中有哪些关键点。 用户提供了四个引用,都是关于MySQL 5.7的my.ini文件的配置问题。引用[1]提到my.ini的位置在C盘的ProgramData目录下,路径是C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7。并且用户需要进入这个目录修改配置文件。引用[2]说明my.ini的作用是MySQL配置文件,用于更新配置,但提到可能出现文件缺失的问题。引用[3]指出如果目录下没有my.ini,可以新建一个,并注意路径中的反斜杠,同时data目录可能需要重新生成。引用[4]给了一个示例配置,特别是basedir的路径设置,并提到在win10下的配置排错。 用户的问题是询问如何正确修改my.ini的教程,所以需要综合这些信息,给出步骤。首先,需要确定my.ini的位置是否正确。根据引用[1],默认路径是在ProgramData下的MySQL Server 5.7目录,但可能用户安装路径不同,比如D盘,如引用[4]所示。因此,步骤中需要说明如何找到my.ini的位置,包括可能隐藏的ProgramData文件夹。 接下来,如果文件不存在,如引用[3]所述,需要指导用户新建文件,并注意格式,比如反斜杠和正确的basedir、datadir路径。同时,修改配置后需要重启MySQL服务,可能涉及命令行操作,如停止和启动服务。 另外,需要注意用户权限问题,修改系统文件可能需要管理员权限,比如用记事本以管理员身份打开。此外,配置文件的语法是否正确,比如路径中的斜杠方向,选项是否正确,避免拼写错误,这些错误可能导致MySQL无法启动,如引用[4]中的排错经验。 还要提醒用户备份原文件,避免修改错误导致的问题。可能还需要提到常见的配置参数,比如字符集、端口号、最大连接数等,但根据引用内容,用户可能更关注路径设置,所以重点放在basedir和datadir上。 总结步骤应该是: 1. 定位my.ini的位置,考虑默认路径和自定义安装路径。 2. 处理文件不存在的情况,新建并配置。 3. 修改配置的注意事项,如路径格式、参数正确性。 4. 重启服务使配置生效。 5. 验证配置是否成功。 过程中需要引用提供的资料,比如引用[1]的路径,引用[3]的新建文件方法,引用[4]的basedir示例。同时,潜在的问题如文件权限、配置错误导致服务无法启动,也需要在注意事项中提到。 最后,生成相关问题,可能需要围绕其他常见配置问题、路径相关问题、服务管理命令等展开,确保用户能进一步解决可能遇到的问题。</think>### MySQL 5.7 修改 my.ini 配置文件教程 #### 步骤 1:定位 my.ini 文件 - **默认路径**:MySQL 5.7 安装后,配置文件 `my.ini` 通常位于隐藏目录 `C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7\`[^1]。 *提示*:若直接访问 `C:\ProgramData` 需在文件资源管理器中启用“显示隐藏的项目”。 - **自定义安装路径**:若安装时修改了路径,需根据实际安装目录查找(如 `D:\Environment\mysql-5.7.19-winx64\`[^4])。 #### 步骤 2:处理文件不存在的情况 若目录下无 `my.ini`,需手动创建: 1. 新建文本文档,重命名为 `my.ini`(确保扩展名正确)。 2. 填入基础配置模板(示例): ```ini [mysqld] basedir=D:\Environment\mysql-5.7.19-winx64 # 修改为你的MySQL安装路径 datadir=D:\Environment\mysql-5.7.19-winx64\data # 数据目录,需与basedir对应 port=3306 character-set-server=utf8 ``` *注意*:路径使用反斜杠 `\`,且 `datadir` 需为空目录或由MySQL自动生成[^3]。 #### 步骤 3:修改配置 1. 用文本编辑器(如记事本)打开 `my.ini`,**以管理员身份运行**以避免权限问题。 2. 按需修改参数: - **常用参数**: ```ini max_connections=200 # 最大连接数 default-storage-engine=INNODB # 默认存储引擎 sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION # SQL模式 ``` - **路径验证**:检查 `basedir` 和 `datadir` 是否与实际路径一致。 #### 步骤 4:重启MySQL服务 1. 按 `Win+R` 输入 `services.msc`,找到 `MySQL57` 服务。 2. 右键选择 **重启**,或通过命令行操作: ```bash net stop MySQL57 net start MySQL57 ``` #### 注意事项 1. **备份原文件**:修改前复制 `my.ini` 为 `my.ini.bak` 以防出错。 2. **语法检查**:避免多余空格或拼写错误(如 `datadir` 写成 `data_dir`),否则服务无法启动。 3. **编码格式**:保存文件时使用 **ANSI** 或 **UTF-8 without BOM** 格式,避免乱码。 ---
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