本文详细介绍了如何在RHEL 5.4操作系统中手动安装VMware Tools，包括通过VMware Workstation加载ISO镜像、解压安装包、配置安装路径以及启动相关服务的过程。
Vmtools
VM tools顾名思义就是Vmware的一组工具。主要用于虚拟主机显示优化与调整，另外还可以方便虚拟主机与本机的交互，如允许共享文件夹，甚至可以直接从本机向虚拟主机拖放文件、鼠标无缝切换、显示分辨率调整等，十分实用。
安装
如果选择在VMware Workstation中手动安装（也就是不采用Easy Install）的方式安装RHEL 5.4，那么，也只能手动安装vmtoos了，如下：
（1）选择VMware Workstation的菜单“VM/Install VMware tools…”,VMware Workstation会自动加载vmtoos的iso到当前运行的系统的cdrom，并默认挂载到“/media/VMware Tools”。
（2）在当前系统RHEL5.4中，执行以下命令：
[root@rhel54 ~]# mount
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00 on / type ext3 (rw)
proc on /proc type proc (rw)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)
/dev/sda1 on /boot type ext3 (rw)
tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw)
none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw)
sunrpc on /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs type rpc_pipefs (rw)
/dev/hdc on /media/VMware Tools type iso9660 (ro,noexec,nosuid,nodev,uid=500)
[root@rhel54 ~]# cd /media/"VMware Tools"
[root@rhel54 VMware Tools]# ll
总计 104398
-r--r--r-- 1 edgen root 1996 11-12 02:26 manifest.txt
-r--r--r-- 1 edgen root 106900818 11-12 02:27 VMwareTools-8.4.5-324285.tar.gz
[root@rhel54 VMware Tools]# cp VMwareTools-8.4.5-324285.tar.gz /tmp
[root@rhel54 VMware Tools]# cd /tmp
[root@rhel54 tmp]# ll
总计 104584
drwx------ 3 edgen edgen 4096 12-26 22:09 gconfd-edgen
drwx------ 2 root root 4096 12-26 20:12 gconfd-root
drwx------ 2 edgen edgen 4096 12-26 22:09 keyring-sznBvg
srwxrwxr-x 1 edgen edgen 0 12-26 22:09 mapping-edgen
drwx------ 2 edgen edgen 4096 12-26 23:07 orbit-edgen
-rw-rw-r-- 1 edgen edgen 5 12-26 22:12 scim-bridge-0.3.0.lockfile-500@localhost:0.0
srwxrwxr-x 1 edgen edgen 0 12-26 22:12 scim-bridge-0.3.0.socket-500@localhost:0.0
srw------- 1 edgen edgen 0 12-26 22:09 scim-helper-manager-socket-edgen
srw------- 1 edgen edgen 0 12-26 22:09 scim-panel-socket:0-edgen
srw------- 1 edgen edgen 0 12-26 22:09 scim-socket-frontend-edgen
drwx------ 2 edgen edgen 4096 12-26 22:09 ssh-BNdRno3399
drwx------ 2 edgen edgen 4096 12-26 22:09 virtual-edgen.9ttEaB
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 106900818 12-26 23:07 VMwareTools-8.4.5-324285.tar.gz
[root@rhel54 tmp]# tar -zxf VMwareTools-8.4.5-324285.tar.gz
[root@rhel54 tmp]# ll
总计 104592
drwx------ 3 edgen edgen 4096 12-26 22:09 gconfd-edgen
drwx------ 2 root root 4096 12-26 20:12 gconfd-root
drwx------ 2 edgen edgen 4096 12-26 22:09 keyring-sznBvg
srwxrwxr-x 1 edgen edgen 0 12-26 22:09 mapping-edgen
drwx------ 2 edgen edgen 4096 12-26 23:07 orbit-edgen
-rw-rw-r-- 1 edgen edgen 5 12-26 23:12 scim-bridge-0.3.0.lockfile-500@localhost:0.0
srwxrwxr-x 1 edgen edgen 0 12-26 22:12 scim-bridge-0.3.0.socket-500@localhost:0.0
srw------- 1 edgen edgen 0 12-26 22:09 scim-helper-manager-socket-edgen
srw------- 1 edgen edgen 0 12-26 22:09 scim-panel-socket:0-edgen
srw------- 1 edgen edgen 0 12-26 22:09 scim-socket-frontend-edgen
drwx------ 2 edgen edgen 4096 12-26 22:09 ssh-BNdRno3399
drwx------ 2 edgen edgen 4096 12-26 22:09 virtual-edgen.9ttEaB
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 106900818 12-26 23:07 VMwareTools-8.4.5-324285.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 11-12 02:26 vmware-tools-distrib
[root@rhel54 tmp]# cd vmware-tools-distrib
[root@rhel54 vmware-tools-distrib]# ll
总计 596
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 11-12 02:26 bin
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 11-12 02:26 doc
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 11-12 02:26 etc
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 552155 11-12 02:26 FILES
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 12-26 23:14 INSTALL -> ./doc/INSTALL
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 11-12 02:26 installer
drwxr-xr-x 17 root root 4096 11-12 02:26 lib
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 31 12-26 23:14 vmware-install.pl -> ./bin/vmware-uninstall-tools.pl
[root@rhel54 vmware-tools-distrib]# ./vmware-install.pl
Creating a new VMware Tools installer database using the tar4 format.
Installing VMware Tools.
In which directory do you want to install the binary files?
[/usr/bin]
What is the directory that contains the init directories (rc0.d/ to rc6.d/)?
[/etc/rc.d]
What is the directory that contains the init scripts?
[/etc/rc.d/init.d]
In which directory do you want to install the daemon files?
[/usr/sbin ]
In which directory do you want to install the library files?
[/usr/lib /vmware-tools]
The path "/usr/lib/vmware-tools" does not exist currently. This program is
going to create it, including needed parent directories. Is this what you want?
[yes]
In which directory do you want to install the documentation files?
[/usr/share /doc /vmware-tools]
The path "/usr/share/doc/vmware-tools" does not exist currently. This program
is going to create it, including needed parent directories. Is this what you
want? [yes]
The installation of VMware Tools 8.4.5 build-324285 for Linux completed
successfully. You can decide to remove this software from your system at any
time by invoking the following command: "/usr/bin/vmware-uninstall-tools.pl ".
Before running VMware Tools for the first time, you need to configure it by
invoking the following command: "/usr/bin/vmware-config -tools.pl ". Do you want
this program to invoke the command for you now? [yes] no
[root@rhel54 vmware-tools-distrib]# /usr/bin/vmware-config-tools.pl
Initializing...
Making sure services for VMware Tools are stopped.
Stopping VMware Tools services in the virtual machine:
Guest operating system daemon: [确定]
Virtual Printing daemon: [确定]
VMware User Agent (vmware-user): [确定]
Blocking file system: [确定]
Unmounting HGFS shares: [确定]
Guest filesystem driver: [确定]
Guest memory manager: [确定]
VM communication interface socket family: [确定]
VM communication interface: [确定]
Found a compatible pre-built module for vmmemctl. Installing it...
Found a compatible pre-built module for vmhgfs. Installing it...
Found a compatible pre-built module for vmxnet. Installing it...
Found a compatible pre-built module for vmblock. Installing it...
Found a compatible pre-built module for vmci. Installing it...
Found a compatible pre-built module for vsock. Installing it...
Found a compatible pre-built module for vmxnet3. Installing it...
Found a compatible pre-built module for pvscsi. Installing it...
Detected Xorg X server version 7.1.
The configuration file /etc/X11/xorg.conf can not be found. Do you want to
create a new one? (yes/no) [yes]
Host resolution detected as "1366 x 768".
Please choose one of the following display sizes that X will start with:
[1] "320x200"
[2] "320x240"
[3] "400x300"
[4] "512x384"
[5] "640x400"
[6] "640x480"
[7] "720x480"
[8] "800x480"
[9] "854x480"
[10] "720x576"
[11] "800x600"
[12] "1024x768"
[13]< "1280x720"
Please enter a number between 1 and 13:
[13]
X Window System Version 7.1.1
Release Date: 12 May 2006
X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0, Release 7.1.1
Build Operating System: Linux 2.6.18-128.1.16.el5 i686 Red Hat, Inc.
Current Operating System: Linux rhel54.yupan 2.6.18-164.el5 #1 SMP Tue Aug 18 15:51:54 EDT 2009 i686
Build Date: 22 July 2009
Build ID: xorg-x11-server 1.1.1-48.67.el5
Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org
to make sure that you have the latest version.
Module Loader present
Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting,
(++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational,
(WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown.
(++) Log file: "/tmp/vmware-config1/XF86ConfigLog.7071", Time: Sun Dec 26 23:44:43 2010
(++) Using config file: "/tmp/vmware-config1/XF86Config.7071"
Couldn't open RGB_DB '/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/rgb'
X is running fine with the new config file.
FreeFontPath: FPE "unix/:7100" refcount is 2, should be 1; fixing.
Creating a new initrd boot image for the kernel.
Checking acpi hot plug [确定]
Starting VMware Tools services in the virtual machine:
Switching to guest configuration: [确定]
Paravirtual SCSI module: [确定]
Guest filesystem driver: [确定]
Mounting HGFS shares: [失败]
Guest memory manager: [确定]
Guest vmxnet fast network device: [确定]
VM communication interface: [确定]
VM communication interface socket family: [确定]
Blocking file system: [确定]
Guest operating system daemon: [确定]
Virtual Printing daemon: [确定]
The configuration of VMware Tools 8.4.5 build-324285 for Linux for this running
kernel completed successfully .
You must restart your X session before any mouse or graphics changes take
effect.
You can now run VMware Tools by invoking "/usr/bin/vmware-toolbox -cmd " from the
command line or by invoking "/usr/bin/vmware-toolbox " from the command line
during an X server session.
To enable advanced X features (e.g., guest resolution fit, drag and drop, and
file and text copy/paste), you will need to do one (or more) of the following:
1. Manually start /usr/bin/vmware-user
2. Log out and log back into your desktop session; and,
3. Restart your X session.
To use the vmxnet driver, restart networking using the following commands:
/etc/init.d/network stop
rmmod pcnet32
rmmod vmxnet
modprobe vmxnet
/etc/init.d/network start
Enjoy,
--the VMware team
[root@rhel54 vmware-tools-distrib]# mount
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00 on / type ext3 (rw)
proc on /proc type proc (rw)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)
/dev/sda1 on /boot type ext3 (rw)
tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw)
none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw)
sunrpc on /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs type rpc_pipefs (rw)
none on /proc/fs/vmblock/mountPoint type vmblock (rw)
[root@rhel54 vmware-tools-distrib]# reboot
（3）在Vmware 界面中选择“vm/setting…”菜单打开“setting”窗口， 选择“Options”标签页，选择“Share Folders”，在右边点击“Add”按钮，选择主机目录。在Linux中进入到“/mnt/hgfs”目录就可以看到windows下的内容，同样你可以在linux下将文件拷进此文件夹传递到windows下。
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