Rikka with string

本篇博客介绍了一个有趣的数学挑战问题:如何帮助Rikkas从部分已知和未知字符中恢复丢失的字符串,并确保该字符串不是回文串。通过递归搜索算法,在考虑字符不确定性的条件下找到字典序最小的解决方案。

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 Accepts: 395
 
 Submissions: 2281
 Time Limit: 2000/1000 MS (Java/Others)
 
 Memory Limit: 65536/65536 K (Java/Others)
Problem Description

As we know, Rikka is poor at math. Yuta is worrying about this situation, so he gives Rikka some math tasks to practice. There is one of them:

One day, Yuta got a string which contains n letters but Rikka lost it in accident. Now they want to recover the string. Yuta remembers that the string only contains lowercase letters and it is not a palindrome string. Unfortunately he cannot remember some letters. Can you help him recover the string?

It is too difficult for Rikka. Can you help her?

Input

This problem has multi test cases (no more than 20). For each test case, The first line contains a number n(1n1000). The next line contains an n-length string which only contains lowercase letters and ‘?’ – the place which Yuta is not sure.

Output

For each test cases print a n-length string – the string you come up with. In the case where more than one string exists, print the lexicographically first one. In the case where no such string exists, output “QwQ”.

Sample Input
5
a?bb?
3
aaa
Sample Output
aabba
QwQ
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <algorithm>
#include <string>
#include <cstring>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;
#define maxn 1000 + 10

int m[maxn], n;
string s;
bool flag;
int cnt;

bool judge(string str)
{
    int len = str.size();
    for(int i=0; i<len/2; i++)
    {
        if(s[i] != s[len-1-i])
            return false;
    }
    return true;
}

void dfs(int num)
{
    if(flag) return ;
    if(num == cnt)
    {
        if(!judge(s))
            {
                cout<<s<<endl;
                flag = true;
            }
          return ;
    }
    for(char i='a'; i<='z'; i++)
    {
        s[m[num]] = i;
        dfs(num + 1);
    }
    return ;
}

int main()
{
    while(~scanf("%d", &n))
    {
           flag = false;
           cnt = 0;
           cin>>s;
           memset(m, -1, sizeof(m));
           for(int i=0; i<n; i++)
           {
               if(s[i] == '?')
                m[cnt++] = i;
           }
           if(!cnt)
           {
               if(!judge(s))
                cout<<s<<endl;
               else cout<<"QwQ"<<endl;
           }
           else {
                dfs(0);
                if(!flag) cout<<"QwQ"<<endl;
           }

    }
}

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