Vue.js 变音效果的实现方法

使用Vue.js和Web Audio API实现变音效果
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本文介绍了如何在Vue.js项目中利用Web Audio API实现变音效果。通过响应式特性与Web Audio API结合,创建一个按钮触发音频播放,并在用户交互时改变音频的音调。详细步骤包括引入Web Audio API,创建Vue组件,定义播放方法,以及在音频处理回调中调整音调。

Vue.js 是一种流行的前端 JavaScript 框架,它提供了一种简单而灵活的方式来构建交互式的用户界面。在本文中,我们将介绍如何使用 Vue.js 实现一个变音效果,即在用户与页面交互时改变页面元素的音调。

实现变音效果的关键是利用 Vue.js 的响应式特性,以及 Web Audio API。Web Audio API 是一种现代的 Web 标准,用于处理和合成音频。我们将结合这两个技术来实现变音效果。

首先,我们需要在 Vue.js 项目中引入 Web Audio API。你可以通过在 HTML 文件中添加以下代码来实现:

<script>
  // 创建一个音频上下文对象
  const audioContext = new (window
Record sounds / noises around you and turn them into music. It’s a work in progress, at the moment it enables you to record live audio straight from your browser, edit it and save these sounds as a WAV file. There's also a sequencer part where you can create small loops using these sounds with a drone synth overlaid on them. See it working: http://daaain.github.com/JSSoundRecorder Technology ---------- No servers involved, only Web Audio API with binary sound Blobs passed around! ### Web Audio API #### GetUserMedia audio for live recording Experimental API to record any system audio input (including USB soundcards, musical instruments, etc). ```javascript // shim and create AudioContext window.AudioContext = window.AudioContext || window.webkitAudioContext || window.mozAudioContext; var audio_context = new AudioContext(); // shim and start GetUserMedia audio stream navigator.getUserMedia = navigator.getUserMedia || navigator.webkitGetUserMedia || navigator.mozGetUserMedia; navigator.getUserMedia({audio: true}, startUserMedia, function(e) { console.log('No live audio input: ' + e); }); ``` #### Audio nodes for routing You can route audio stream around, with input nodes (microphone, synths, etc), filters (volume / gain, equaliser, low pass, etc) and outputs (speakers, binary streams, etc). ```javascript function startUserMedia(stream) { // create MediaStreamSource and GainNode var input = audio_context.createMediaStreamSource(stream); var volume = audio_context.createGain(); volume.gain.value = 0.7; // connect them and pipe output input.connect(volume); volume.connect(audio_context.destination); // connect recorder as well - see below var recorder = new Recorder(input); } ``` ### WebWorker Processing (interleaving) record buffer is done in the background to not block the main thread and the UI. Also WAV conversion for export is also quite heavy for longer recordings, so best left to run in the background. ```javascript this.context = input.context; this.node = this.context.createScriptProcessor(4096, 2, 2); this.node.onaudioprocess = function(e){ worker.postMessage({ command: 'record', buffer: [ e.inputBuffer.getChannelData(0), e.inputBuffer.getChannelData(1) ] }); } ``` ```javascript function record(inputBuffer){ var bufferL = inputBuffer[0]; var bufferR = inputBuffer[1]; var interleaved = interleave(bufferL, bufferR); recBuffers.push(interleaved); recLength += interleaved.length; } function interleave(inputL, inputR){ var length = inputL.length + inputR.length; var result = new Float32Array(length); var index = 0, inputIndex = 0; while (index < length){ result[index++] = inputL[inputIndex]; result[index++] = inputR[inputIndex]; inputIndex++; } return result; } ``` ```javascript function encodeWAV(samples){ var buffer = new ArrayBuffer(44 + samples.length * 2); var view = new DataView(buffer); /* RIFF identifier */ writeString(view, 0, 'RIFF'); /* file length */ view.setUint32(4, 32 + samples.length * 2, true); /* RIFF type */ writeString(view, 8, 'WAVE'); /* format chunk identifier */ writeString(view, 12, 'fmt '); /* format chunk length */ view.setUint32(16, 16, true); /* sample format (raw) */ view.setUint16(20, 1, true); /* channel count */ view.setUint16(22, 2, true); /* sample rate */ view.setUint32(24, sampleRate, true); /* byte rate (sample rate * block align) */ view.setUint32(28, sampleRate * 4, true); /* block align (channel count * bytes per sample) */ view.setUint16(32, 4, true); /* bits per sample */ view.setUint16(34, 16, true); /* data chunk identifier */ writeString(view, 36, 'data'); /* data chunk length */ view.setUint32(40, samples.length * 2, true); floatTo16BitPCM(view, 44, samples); return view; } ``` ### Binary Blob Instead of file drag and drop interface this binary blob is passed to editor. Note: BlobBuilder deprecated (but a lot of examples use it), you should use Blob constructor instead! ```javascript var f = new FileReader(); f. { audio_context.decodeAudioData(e.target.result, function(buffer) { $('#audioLayerControl')[0].handleAudio(buffer); }, function(e) { console.warn(e); }); }; f.readAsArrayBuffer(blob); ``` ```javascript function exportWAV(type){ var buffer = mergeBuffers(recBuffers, recLength); var dataview = encodeWAV(buffer); var audioBlob = new Blob([dataview], { type: type }); this.postMessage(audioBlob); } ``` ### Virtual File – URL.createObjectURL You can create file download link pointing to WAV blob, but also set it as the source of an Audio element. ```javascript var url = URL.createObjectURL(blob); var audioElement = document.createElement('audio'); var downloadAnchor = document.createElement('a'); audioElement.controls = true; audioElement.src = url; downloadAnchor.href = url; ``` TODO ---- * Sequencer top / status row should be radio buttons :) * Code cleanup / restructuring * Enable open / drag and drop files for editing * Visual feedback (levels) for live recording * Sequencer UI (and separation to a different module) Credits / license ----------------- Live recording code adapted from: http://www.phpied.com/files/webaudio/record.html Editor code adapted from: https://github.com/plucked/html5-audio-editor Copyright (c) 2012 Daniel Demmel MIT License
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