实现多线程的四种方式--java代码实现

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本文展示了Java中四种创建线程的方式：继承Thread类、实现Runnable接口、实现Callable接口以及使用线程池。通过实例代码详细阐述了如何启动线程、获取线程返回值以及线程池的配置和使用。对于并发编程和线程管理有很好的学习价值。

import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.FutureTask;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;

//方式一
class ThreadTest extends Thread {
	@Override
	public void run() {
		for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
			System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" + i);
		}
	}
}

// 方式二
class RunnableTest implements Runnable {
	@Override
	public void run() {
		for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
			System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" + i);
		}
	}
}

// 方式三
class CallableTest implements Callable<Integer> {

	@Override
	public Integer call() throws Exception {
		int sum = 0;
		for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
			System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" + i);
			sum += i;
		}
		return sum;
	}

}

// 方式四
class ThreadPool implements Runnable {

	@Override
	public void run() {
		for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
			System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" + i);
		}
	}

}

public class Test {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// 继承Thread
		ThreadTest thread = new ThreadTest();
		thread.setName("方式一");
		thread.start();

		// 实现Runnable
		RunnableTest runnableTest = new RunnableTest();
		Thread thread2 = new Thread(runnableTest, "方式二");
		thread2.start();

		// 实现Callable<> 有返回值
		CallableTest callableTest = new CallableTest();
		FutureTask<Integer> futureTask = new FutureTask<>(callableTest);
		new Thread(futureTask, "方式三").start();
		// 返回值
		try {
			Integer integer = futureTask.get();
			System.out.println("返回值（sum）：" + integer);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

		// 线程池
		ExecutorService pool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);

		ThreadPoolExecutor executor = (ThreadPoolExecutor) pool;
		/*
		 * 可以做一些操作:
		 * corePoolSize：核心池的大小 
		 * maximumPoolSize：最大线程数
		 * keepAliveTime：线程没任务时最多保持多长时间后会终止
		 */
		executor.setCorePoolSize(5);

		// 开启线程
		executor.execute(new ThreadPool());
		executor.execute(new ThreadPool());
		executor.execute(new ThreadPool());
		executor.execute(new ThreadPool());

	}

}