github using

本文详细介绍了如何在Ubuntu 14.04环境下配置GitHub,包括安装和设置SSH及Git服务器,配置公钥,以及如何使用GitHub进行项目的版本控制。此外,还提供了常见的Git命令及其在遇到问题时的解决方案。

一、配置github环境

1、环境:Ubuntu14.04

2、申请github账号

3、安装配置git服务器:

(1)安装ssh:sudo apt-get install openssh-server openssh-client

(2)启动ssh服务:sudo /etc/init.d/ssh restart

(3)安装git服务器:sudo apt-get install git-core

4、配置ssh公钥

(1)本地生成ssh公钥:ssh-keygen -C '你的邮箱地址' -t rsa

注:这条命令会在当前用户目录~/.ssh/下生成密钥文件

(2)测试畅通性:ssh -v git@github.com

(3)上传公钥到github:点击账户中的profile,选择SSH and GPG keys,点击New SSH key,把~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub中的内容全部复制到Key编辑框中,点击上传。如下图

 

 

 

 

(4)回复邮件:公钥上传后,github会往你的邮箱发送确认邮件,需要点击确认。 

二、使用github管理项目

1、在你的github中创建一个新的仓库

 

2、仓库初始化:进入需要版本控制的项目目录

输入命令:git init

注:运行完后,会发现目录多了一个.git隐藏文件夹

3、配置git:

(1)输入命令:git config --global user.name "你的用户名"

(2)输入命令:git config --global user.email 你的邮箱地址

4、添加托管文件:

输入命令:git add ./

注:这是添加目录下所有文件,如果只是添加某个文件,就将文件名字列出,如果添加目录,则可以用*代替。

5、commit项目:

输入命令:git commit -m "描述信息"

注:-m参数后面跟着本次提交的描述信息,可以是修改了哪些代码,新增了哪些功能等等。

6、上传项目:

(1)输入命令:git remote add origin 仓库地址

(2)输入命令:git push -u origin master

(3)输入命令:git pull

(4)输入命令:git push

注:

(1)“仓库地址”可以在github的该项目仓库中查看,如图

(2)“git remote add origin 仓库地址”:这个命令只用输一次,以后就不用再输入了,直接git add,git commit,git

pull,git push。

三、git常用命令:

1、git clone 仓库地址  //克隆仓库代码到本地

2、git diff  //查看本地代码与远程代码有哪些不同

3、git pull //从远程拿到最新版本代码(提交代码时,忌讳直接提交。每次提交代码之前,一定要保证本地的代码是最新的,即先执行git pull)

4、git branch //查看本地代码属于仓库的哪个分支

5、git branch -a //查看仓库都有哪些分支

6、git checkout 分支名 //切换分支(注:不建议使用,最好给一个分支单独建立一个文件夹)

7、git clone -b 分支名 仓库地址 //克隆指定分支的仓库代码到本地

8、git push -u origin 分支名(分支名通常为master)

四、git常见问题: 

git pull失败问题:有时候git pull会出现失败的情况,即本地代码和远程代码出现冲突,这种情况需要手动解决。

解决冲突方法:

1、git stash //将本地文件回馈上一步操作

2、git pull   //将新代码下载下来

3、git stash pop //会将已经冲突的文件合并,代码中会出现 “<<<<<” 和 “>>>>>”的符号,符号之间的代码就是本地和远程的冲突的部分,协商去解决。

4、解决好后再git pull,git commit,git push

GitHub 教程系列文章: 

通过GitHub创建个人技术博客图文详解  http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-02/114121.htm

GitHub 使用教程图文详解  http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-09/106230.htm 

使用 GitHub / GitLab 的 Webhooks 进行网站自动化部署  http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-06/131993.htm

多个GitHub帐号的SSH key切换 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-05/131080.htm

如何在同一台电脑上使用两个GitHub账户 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-05/131079.htm

利用GitHub搭建个人Maven仓库  http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-04/130197.htm

一分钟认识GitHub http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-11/125089.htm

分享实用的GitHub 使用教程 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-04/100556.htm 

GitHub使用操作指南  http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-10/135782.htm

### GitHub Updates and Trends in 2024 In 2024, GitHub continues to evolve as a central platform for developers and organizations, introducing new features and enhancing existing ones. Below are some of the notable updates and trends observed or anticipated for GitHub in 2024: #### 1. Enhanced Integration with External Tools GitHub is expanding its ecosystem by integrating more closely with external tools such as Jira, Trello, and others. For instance, platforms like Anaxi aim to provide comprehensive project management solutions that complement GitHub's functionality[^1]. These integrations enable seamless workflows between development teams and project managers. #### 2. Improved Code Review Capabilities GitHub has introduced advanced code review capabilities, including AI-powered suggestions and automated checks during pull request reviews. These enhancements reduce manual effort and improve the quality of code merges[^3]. #### 3. GitHub Copilot X Enhancements GitHub Copilot X, an extension of the original Copilot tool, offers even more robust AI-driven coding assistance. In 2024, this tool is expected to support multimodal interactions, similar to MiniGPT-5’s capabilities in generating interleaved outputs for multimedia generation[^5]. Developers can expect improved natural language understanding and better integration with various programming languages. #### 4. Advanced Security Features Security remains a top priority for GitHub. In 2024, the platform has rolled out enhanced security measures, including stricter dependency scanning, secret detection, and vulnerability alerts. These features help developers identify potential risks earlier in the development lifecycle[^4]. #### 5. Customizable Workflows with GitHub Actions GitHub Actions continues to gain traction as a powerful automation tool for CI/CD pipelines. In 2024, users have access to more customizable workflows, allowing them to define complex processes tailored to their specific needs. This flexibility empowers organizations to streamline their deployment strategies[^3]. #### 6. Data Analysis through GitHub Archive For those interested in analyzing public activity on GitHub, the GitHub Archive provides valuable insights. Developers can leverage this dataset using any HTTP client to perform custom analyses, track trends, and monitor community contributions[^2]. ```python import requests # Example: Fetching GitHub Archive data for analysis url = "https://data.githubarchive.org/2024-01-01-0.json.gz" response = requests.get(url) if response.status_code == 200: with open("github_data.json.gz", "wb") as f: f.write(response.content) else: print("Failed to retrieve data") ``` #### 7. Focus on Community Engagement GitHub emphasizes fostering stronger connections within developer communities. In 2024, the platform launched initiatives aimed at encouraging collaboration, mentorship, and knowledge sharing among contributors[^1]. ---
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