本文介绍了一种通过直方图均衡化来增强图像对比度的方法。该方法利用累积分布函数（CDF），确保灰度级均匀分布，从而在不改变图像原始内容的基础上提高图像对比度。
reference: 点击打开链接 https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/xiajun07061225/article/details/6910129
example:
original image:
after histogram:
we can see that the contrast of the latter image is higher than that of the original image.
important principles:
1. we need to guarantee that during this process, the transformation T is monotonically increasing.
2. we use the cumulative distribution function(cdf) to make the the gray-level have a uniform distribution to satisfy the first requiement.
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