dubbo入门案例

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本文介绍了Apache Dubbo的基础入门，包括Zookeeper的安装启动、项目结构搭建、服务提供者与消费者模块的创建与配置，以及如何使用dubbo-admin进行服务监控。详细步骤和代码可参考链接。

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Apache Dubbo (incubating) |ˈdʌbəʊ| 是一款高性能、轻量级的开源Java RPC框架，它提供了三大核心能力：面向接口的远程方法调用，智能容错和负载均衡，以及服务自动注册和发现。详细介绍请访问官网http://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/

1. Zookeeper的安装与启动，请参考我的上一篇文章https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/DWL0208/article/details/81807881

2.创建maven项目，其中dubbo-api 公共接口，dubbo-consumer消费者模块，dubbo-provider和dubbo-consumer都需要在pom中引入dubbo-api 。

项目结构如下：

3.在dubbo-demo下的pom文件中引入公共的依赖。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.dwl</groupId>
    <artifactId>dubbo-demo</artifactId>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <modules>
        <module>dubbo-api</module>
        <module>dubbo-provider</module>
        <module>dubbo-consumer</module>
    </modules>
    <properties>
        <dubbo.version>2.5.3</dubbo.version>
        <spring.version>4.3.6.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
            <version>2.5.3</version>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
            <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
            <version>0.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- spring相关 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>


</project>

4.公共接口模块，供提供者和消费者使用。

package com.dwl;

public interface DubboService {

    String getMessage(String msg);

}

5.服务提供者模块

dubbo-provider模块下pom中引入依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>dubbo-demo</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.dwl</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>dubbo-provider</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
         //y依赖dubbo-api模块
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.dwl</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

实现api中的接口

package com.dwl;

/**
 * @program: dubbo-demo
 * @description: 实现服务接口
 * @author: daiwenlong
 * @create: 2018-08-18 19:31
 **/
public class DubboServiceImpl implements DubboService {
    public String getMessage(String msg) {
        return "receive your call:"+msg;
    }
}

使用provider.xml配置zookeeper并暴露服务

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
       http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
    <!--定义了提供方应用信息，用于计算依赖关系；在 dubbo-admin会显示这个名字，方便辨识-->
    <dubbo:application name="provider"/>
    <!--使用 zookeeper 注册中心暴露服务，注意要先开启 zookeeper-->
    <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://localhost:2181"/>
    <!-- 用dubbo协议在20880端口暴露服务 -->
    <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880" />
    <!--使用 dubbo 协议实现定义好的 api中的 接口-->
    <dubbo:service interface="com.dwl.DubboService" ref="dubboService"/>
    <!--具体实现该接口的 bean-->
    <bean id="dubboService" class="com.dwl.DubboServiceImpl"/>
</beans>

启动提供者服务

package com.dwl;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * @program: dubbo-demo
 * @description: 启动服务
 * @author: daiwenlong
 * @create: 2018-08-18 19:48
 **/
public class Provider {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:provider.xml");
        System.out.println(context.getDisplayName() + ": here");
        context.start();
        System.out.println("provider started");
        try {
            System.in.read();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

6.消费者模块

通过consumer.xml 配置需要远程调用的服务

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
        http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd ">
    <!-- 消费方应用名，用于计算依赖关系-->
    <dubbo:application name="consumer" />
    <!-- 使用zookeeper广播注册中心发现服务地址 -->
    <dubbo:registry  protocol="zookeeper" address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181" />
    <!-- 生成远程服务代理，可以和本地bean一样使用demoService -->
    <dubbo:reference id="dubboService" interface="com.dwl.DubboService" />
</beans>

启动Consumer,调用远程服务

package com.dwl;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * @program: dubbo-demo
 * @description: 消费者
 * @author: daiwenlong
 * @create: 2018-08-18 20:27
 **/
public class Consumer {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context =
                new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("consumer.xml");
        context.start();
        System.out.println("consumer start");
        DubboService service = context.getBean(DubboService.class);
        System.out.println("consumer started");
        System.out.println(service.getMessage("dubbo"));
        try {
            System.in.read();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

查看调用结果