Oracle 11gR2 RAC 使用scan IP无法连接数据库（ORA-12545）

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简介

oracle 11gR2 RAC安装配置scan ip有三种方式，
1、DNS
2、GNS
3、hosts文件
通常情况下我们采用DNS的方式，但是平时测试的时候我们一般均采用hosts文件的方式，使用hosts时，安装完数据库scan ip通常访问不了。

环境

[root@rac-orcl01 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
#public
192.168.5.101   rac-orcl01
192.168.5.102   rac-orcl02
#virtual 
192.168.5.103   rac-orcl01-vip
192.168.5.104   rac-orcl02-vip
#private
10.10.10.101    rac-orcl01-pri
10.10.10.102    rac-orcl02-pri
#scan
192.168.5.105   scan-cluster

客户端通过scan ip连接数据库

[oracle@rac-orcl01 ~]$ sqlplus sys/oracle@192.168.5.105:1521/orcl as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Tue Aug 9 16:05:38 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

ERROR:
ORA-12545: Connect failed because target host or object does not exist

资源状态

[grid@rac-orcl01 ~]$ crs_stat -t -v
Name           Type           R/RA   F/FT   Target    State     Host        
----------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.DATA.dg    ora....up.type 0/5    0/     ONLINE    ONLINE    rac-orcl01  
ora....ER.lsnr ora....er.type 0/5    0/     ONLINE    ONLINE    rac-orcl01  
ora....N1.lsnr ora....er.type 0/5    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac-orcl01  
ora.asm        ora.asm.type   0/5    0/     ONLINE    ONLINE    rac-orcl01  
ora.eons       ora.eons.type  0/3    0/     ONLINE    ONLINE    rac-orcl01  
ora.gsd        ora.gsd.type   0/5    0/     OFFLINE   OFFLINE               
ora....network ora....rk.type 1/5    0/     ONLINE    ONLINE    rac-orcl01  
ora.oc4j       ora.oc4j.type  0/5    0/0    OFFLINE   OFFLINE               
ora.ons        ora.ons.type   0/3    0/     ONLINE    ONLINE    rac-orcl01  
ora.orcl.db    ora....se.type 0/2    0/1    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac-orcl01  
ora....SM1.asm application    0/5    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac-orcl01  
ora....01.lsnr application    0/5    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac-orcl01  
ora....l01.gsd application    0/5    0/0    OFFLINE   OFFLINE               
ora....l01.ons application    0/3    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac-orcl01  
ora....l01.vip ora....t1.type 0/0    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac-orcl01  
ora....SM2.asm application    0/5    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac-orcl02  
ora....02.lsnr application    0/5    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac-orcl02  
ora....l02.gsd application    0/5    0/0    OFFLINE   OFFLINE               
ora....l02.ons application    0/3    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac-orcl02  
ora....l02.vip ora....t1.type 0/0    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac-orcl02  
ora.scan1.vip  ora....ip.type 0/0    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac-orcl01

监听状态

orcl1

[grid@rac-orcl01 ~]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 09-AUG-2016 16:09:14

Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                07-AUG-2016 22:34:25
Uptime                    1 days 17 hr. 34 min. 48 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/grid/11.2.0/product/11.2.0/grid_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/diag/tnslsnr/rac-orcl01/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=LISTENER)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.5.101)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.5.103)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "+ASM" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "+ASM1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "orcl1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orclXDB" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "orcl1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

orcl2

[oracle@rac-orcl02 ~]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 09-AUG-2016 16:09:51

Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                07-AUG-2016 22:14:01
Uptime                    1 days 17 hr. 55 min. 50 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/grid/11.2.0/product/11.2.0/grid_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/diag/tnslsnr/rac-orcl02/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=LISTENER)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.5.102)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.5.104)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "+ASM" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "+ASM2", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "orcl2", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orclXDB" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "orcl2", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

scan监听状态

[grid@rac-orcl01 ~]$ lsnrctl status listener_scan1

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 09-AUG-2016 16:10:30

Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER_SCAN1)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER_SCAN1
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                09-AUG-2016 16:04:24
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 6 min. 6 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/grid/11.2.0/product/11.2.0/grid_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/diag/tnslsnr/rac-orcl01/listener_scan1/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=LISTENER_SCAN1)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.5.105)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "orcl" has 2 instance(s).
  Instance "orcl1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
  Instance "orcl2", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orclXDB" has 2 instance(s).
  Instance "orcl1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
  Instance "orcl2", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

解决办法

把各个节点的local_listener参数中的host从主机名称修改为对应节点的vip地址。

orcl1

SQL> show parameter local_listener;

NAME                     TYPE    VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
local_listener               string  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(AD
                         DRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=rac-
                         orcl01)(PORT=1521))))

SQL> alter system set local_listener='(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.5.103)(PORT=1521))))' scope=both sid='orcl1';

System altered.

orcl2

SQL> show parameter local_listener;

NAME                     TYPE    VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
local_listener               string  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(AD
                         DRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=rac-
                         orcl02)(PORT=1521))))

SQL> alter system set local_listener='(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.5.104)(PORT=1521))))' scope=both sid='orcl2';

System altered.