matplotlib.pyplot.bar（） plt.bar（）

matplotlib.pyplot.bar(x, height, width=0.8, bottom=None, *, align='center', data=None, **kwargs)

功能

此函数用来画条形图

参数

         x：为条形图的横坐标，格式float or array-like

         height：条形图的高，格式float or array-like

         width：条形图的宽，格式loat or array-like, 默认为0.8

        bottom:The y coordinate(s) of the bars bases.格式float or array-like, 默认为0

        align：矩形条与x的对齐方式，默认为中心对齐，如下左图所示。如果要对齐右边的线条，如下右图所示，可以将宽度置为负数（如width = -1）且令  align='edge'。 

                                                                                                                   

        **kwargs:矩形的属性

       另外还有一些其他参数，如 color：设置条形的颜色。edgecolor：设置条形的边缘颜色 等，具体参见文章尾部。

 

例子

names = [1,2,3,4]
values = ['hight0','high1','high2','high3']
thisplot = plt.bar(names, values,color="#777777") #设置默认灰色
#thisplot = plt.bar(names, values,width = -1,align='edge',color="#777777")  #设置bar为右对齐
thisplot[1].set_color('yellow')
thisplot[2].set_color('#000000') #黑色
plt.show()

结果

其他参数以及矩形的属性( **kwargs)

 

Other Parameters:

linewidth：矩形条的边的宽度，0为不画边。float or array-like, optional   tick_label：矩形条的标识，默认无 。str or list of str, optional   xerr, yerrfloat or array-like of shape(N,) or shape(2, N), optional If not None, add horizontal / vertical errorbars to the bar tips. The values are +/- sizes relative to the data: scalar: symmetric +/- values for all bars shape(N,): symmetric +/- values for each bar shape(2, N): Separate - and + values for each bar. First row contains the lower errors, the second row contains the upper errors. None: No errorbar. (Default)   ecolor color or list of color, default: 'black' The line color of the errorbars. capsizefloat, default: rcParams["errorbar.capsize"] (default: 0.0) The length of the error bar caps in points. error_kwdict, optional Dictionary of kwargs to be passed to the errorbar method. Values of ecolor or capsize defined here take precedence over the independent kwargs. logbool, default: False If True, set the y-axis to be log scale.

**kwargs:矩形属性

Property	Description
agg_filter	a filter function, which takes a (m, n, 3) float array and a dpi value, and returns a (m, n, 3) array
alpha	scalar or None
animated	bool
antialiased or aa	unknown
capstyle	CapStyle or {'butt', 'projecting', 'round'}
clip_box	Bbox
clip_on	bool
clip_path	Patch or (Path, Transform) or None
color	color
contains	unknown
edgecolor or ec	color or None or 'auto'
facecolor or fc	color or None
figure	Figure
fill	bool
gid	str
hatch	{'/', '\', '|', '-', '+', 'x', 'o', 'O', '.', '*'}
in_layout	bool
joinstyle	JoinStyle or {'miter', 'round', 'bevel'}
label	object
linestyle or ls	{'-', '--', '-.', ':', '', (offset, on-off-seq), ...}
linewidth or lw	float or None
path_effects	AbstractPathEffect
picker	None or bool or float or callable
rasterized	bool
sketch_params	(scale: float, length: float, randomness: float)
snap	bool or None
transform	Transform
url	str
visible	bool
zorder	float

 

注：

参考文献

https://matplotlib.org/stable/gallery/misc/table_demo.html#sphx-glr-gallery-misc-table-demo-py

https://matplotlib.org/stable/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.bar.html?highlight=bar#matplotlib.pyplot.bar