1-ipv6服务器之-dhcpv6(isc-dhcp)

Ubuntu搭建dhcpv6服务器来分配IP给路由器/电脑，比较常用的就是isc-dhcp(Internet Systems Consortium)

1. 安装isc-dhcp服务器

isc的官网：http://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/

上去找到最新的版本，如dhcp-4.2.1.tar.gz，下载后在 Ubuntu上编译安装。

命令如下：

先解压dhcp-4.2.1.tar.gz ，命令tar -xzf dhcp-4.2.1.tar.gz
然后进到该目录下，执行下列的命令：
#  ./configure
# make
# sudo make install

2. 配置isc-dhcp服务器参数

安装完后，建一个文件/etc/dhcp/dhcpd6.conf,添加配置内容

default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;
log-facility local7;
subnet6 2001:db8:0:1::/64 {
        # Range for clients
        range6 2001:db8:0:1::129 2001:db8:0:1::254;

        # Range for clients requesting a temporary address
        range6 2001:db8:0:1::/64 temporary;

        # Additional options
        option dhcp6.name-servers fec0:0:0:1::1;
        option dhcp6.domain-search "domain.example";

        # Prefix range for delegation to sub-routers
        prefix6 2001:db8:0:100:: 2001:db8:0:f00:: /56;

        # Example for a fixed host address
        host specialclient {
                host-identifier option dhcp6.client-id 00:01:00:01:4a:1f:ba:e3:60:b9:1f:01:23:45;
                fixed-address6 2001:db8:0:1::127;
        }
}

配置里面的参数都有各自的含义

然后在 /var/db下添加一个空文件dhcpd6.leases

sudo touch /var/db/dhcpd6.leases

查看网卡的信息为eth0

linye@ubuntu:/$ ifconfig
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0c:29:75:a2:91
          inet addr:192.168.62.128  Bcast:192.168.62.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe75:a291/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:23242 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:22975 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:1847101 (1.8 MB)  TX bytes:51394431 (51.3 MB)

3. 启动、停止

在运行 ISC-DHCP之前，你需要把eth0接口地址设置成上面subnet6网段2001:db8:0:1::/64的信息，这样才可以分配地址给下面的设备，如下：

sudo ifconfig eth0 add 2001:db8:0:1::1/64

linye@ubuntu:/$ ifconfig
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0c:29:75:a2:91
          inet addr:192.168.62.128  Bcast:192.168.62.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe75:a291/64 Scope:Link
          inet6 addr: 2001:db8:0:1::1/64 Scope:Global
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:23347 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:23004 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:1854962 (1.8 MB)  TX bytes:51398868 (51.3 MB)

然后启动dhcpv6服务器：

linye@ubuntu:/$ sudo dhcpd -6 -cf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd6.conf  eth0

Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Server 4.4.2
Copyright 2004-2020 Internet Systems Consortium.
All rights reserved.
For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/
WARNING: Host declarations are global.  They are not limited to the scope you declared them in.
Config file: /etc/dhcp/dhcpd6.conf
Database file: /var/db/dhcpd6.leases
PID file: /var/run/dhcpd6.pid
Wrote 0 deleted host decls to leases file.
Wrote 0 new dynamic host decls to leases file.
Wrote 1 NA, 0 TA, 0 PD leases to lease file.
Bound to *:547
Listening on Socket/6/eth0/2001:db8:0:1::/64
Sending on   Socket/6/eth0/2001:db8:0:1::/64

linye@ubuntu:/$ ps -aux| grep dhcp
root       4649  0.4  0.1  12540  4504 ?        Ss   17:54   0:00 dhcpd -6 -cf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd6.conf eth0
linye      4651  0.0  0.0  15944   932 pts/0    S+   17:54   0:00 grep --color=auto dhcp

停止的话需要手动kill这个进程

killall dhcpd

将ubuntu服务器的eth0网口接到另一台电脑，查看是否获取到正常的IPv6地址

如果不行看下防火墙的状态，如果是开启的则关闭下：

linye@ubuntu:/$ sudo ufw disable
linye@ubuntu:/$ sudo ufw status
Status: inactive

当有设备从服务器获取到ipv6地址后，可以在/var/db/dhcpd6.leases下查看到设备信息