Struts 1 学习笔记-1（简单登录模块的实现，Struts初步了解）

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#struts #action #import #encoding #login #exception

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本文介绍如何使用Struts 1.2.9搭建一个简单的登录系统。从环境配置到各组件实现进行了详细说明，包括struts-config.xml和web.xml配置、JSP页面设计、ActionForm与Action类编写。

建立一个简单的登录系统：

1.本人下载的是Stuts 1.2.9 ，解压后将lib下的jar包拷贝到web-inf / lib下，包括以下几个：

2.在web-inf下建立struts-config.xml文件，代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>

<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC

"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN"

"http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd">

<struts-config>

</struts-config>

3.修改web.xml文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app version="2.4"

xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee

http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">

<welcome-file-list>

<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>

</welcome-file-list>

<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>

<init-param>

<param-name>config</param-name>

<param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>

</init-param>

<init-param>

<param-name>debug</param-name>

<param-value>2</param-value>

</init-param>

<init-param>

<param-name>detail</param-name>

<param-value>2</param-value>

</init-param>

<load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>

</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

4.创建用户登录界面login.jsp（action=login.do），login_success.jsp，login_error.jsp：

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="GB18030"%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

<head>

</head>

<body>

<HR>

用户名称:<input type="text" name="username"><br>

用户密码:<input type="password" name="password"><br>

<HR>

</form>

</body>

</html>

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"

pageEncoding="GB18030"%>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>

<head>

<title>Insert title here</title>

</head>

<body>

</body>

</html>

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"

pageEncoding="GB18030"%>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>

<head>

<title>Insert title here</title>

</head>

<body>

</body>

</html>

5.创建LoginActionForm.java集成ActionForm，注意该类的成员属性名称应与form表单中的一致，并且要生成相应的getter and setter，封装好：

package com.ycringfinger.struts;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;

public class LoginActionForm extends ActionForm {

private String username;

private String password;

public String getUsername() {

return username;

}

public void setUsername(String username) {

this.username = username;

}

public String getPassword() {

return password;

}

public void setPassword(String password) {

this.password = password;

}

6.创建LoginAction.java继承自Action，并要重写其execute方法，在这里我让该方法接收表单数据并判断用户名及密码，如成功则跳转到login_success.jsp，若抛出Exception，则跳转至login_error.jsp：

package com.ycringfinger.struts;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts.action.Action;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;

public class LoginAction extends Action {

public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {

LoginActionForm laf = (LoginActionForm) form;

String username = laf.getUsername();

String password = laf.getPassword();

try {

UserManager.getInstance().validate(username, password);

return mapping.findForward("success");

} catch (UserNotFoundException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (PasswordNotCorrectException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

return mapping.findForward("error");

}

7.配置stuts-config.xml，注意<action path="/login" type="com.ycringfinger.struts.LoginAction" name="loginActionForm" scope="request">中/login 对应了form中的action=login.do，name="loginActionForm"则对应了form-bean中的loginActionForm，至于scope你则可以根据实际情况选择。