Python之Qt5界面开发

关注

原创最新推荐文章于 2026-06-20 09:49:29 发布 4k 阅读 AI 写同款· GEO 优化 ›

【Python】界面设计——GUI编程之【PyQt5】窗体定义 🔷GUI是人机交互的重要技术手段，在python中利用tkinter模块就可以方便的实现图形界面的实现； 🔷定义一个基础窗体： import tkinter as tk #导入相关窗体模块 root = tk.Tk() #创建一个窗体添加各类操作…… root.mainloop() #显示窗体 🔷任何一个图形界面都会包含有一个主窗体，在主窗体内可以设置不同的组件，在tkinter模块中提供了Tk类，该类可以负责窗体的创建以及相关的属性定义；方法描述 . 阅读详情

1.环境配置
1.1.添加qt库
pip install pyqt5
pip install pyqt5-tools

1.2.Pycharm相关配置: 在这里插入图片描述

Arguments：-m PyQt5.uic.pyuic $F i l e N a m e$ -o $F i l e N a m e W i t h o u t E x t e n s i o n$ .py

在这里插入图片描述
Program：C:\Python37\Scripts\pyrcc5.exe
Arguments： $F i l e N a m e$ -o $F i l e N a m e W i t h o u t E x t e n s i o n$ _rc.py

2.使用QT界面设计
项目->External tool->Qt Designer
在这里插入图片描述
3.将ui文件转py文件，进行界面操控
选中生成的ui文件，右键-External tool->PyUIC，然后就会发现生成对应的py文件：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'Clothes_insertData.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.13.0
#
# WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
class Ui_Dialog(object):
    def setupUi(self, Dialog):
        Dialog.setObjectName("Dialog")
        Dialog.resize(400, 300)
        self.buttonBox = QtWidgets.QDialogButtonBox(Dialog)
        self.buttonBox.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(30, 240, 341, 32))
        self.buttonBox.setOrientation(QtCore.Qt.Horizontal)
        self.buttonBox.setStandardButtons(QtWidgets.QDialogButtonBox.Cancel|QtWidgets.QDialogButtonBox.Ok)
        self.buttonBox.setObjectName("buttonBox")
        self.pushButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Dialog)
        self.pushButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(300, 30, 75, 23))
        self.pushButton.setObjectName("pushButton")
        self.horizontalLayoutWidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(Dialog)
        self.horizontalLayoutWidget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 20, 261, 41)) 
        self.horizontalLayoutWidget.setObjectName("horizontalLayoutWidget")
        self.horizontalLayout = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout(self.horizontalLayoutWidget)
        self.horizontalLayout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
        self.horizontalLayout.setObjectName("horizontalLayout")
        self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.horizontalLayoutWidget)
        self.label.setObjectName("label")
        self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.label)
        self.lineEdit = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.horizontalLayoutWidget)
        self.lineEdit.setObjectName("lineEdit")
        self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.lineEdit)
        self.horizontalLayoutWidget_2 = QtWidgets.QWidget(Dialog)
        self.horizontalLayoutWidget_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 70, 261, 41))
        self.horizontalLayoutWidget_2.setObjectName("horizontalLayoutWidget_2")
        self.horizontalLayout_2 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout(self.horizontalLayoutWidget_2)
        self.horizontalLayout_2.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
        self.horizontalLayout_2.setObjectName("horizontalLayout_2")
        self.label_2 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.horizontalLayoutWidget_2)
        self.label_2.setObjectName("label_2")
        self.horizontalLayout_2.addWidget(self.label_2)
        self.lineEdit_2 = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.horizontalLayoutWidget_2)
        self.lineEdit_2.setObjectName("lineEdit_2")
        self.horizontalLayout_2.addWidget(self.lineEdit_2)
        self.horizontalLayoutWidget_3 = QtWidgets.QWidget(Dialog)
        self.horizontalLayoutWidget_3.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 120, 261, 41))
        self.horizontalLayoutWidget_3.setObjectName("horizontalLayoutWidget_3")
        self.horizontalLayout_3 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout(self.horizontalLayoutWidget_3)
        self.horizontalLayout_3.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
        self.horizontalLayout_3.setObjectName("horizontalLayout_3")
        self.label_3 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.horizontalLayoutWidget_3)
        self.label_3.setObjectName("label_3")
        self.horizontalLayout_3.addWidget(self.label_3)
        self.lineEdit_3 = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.horizontalLayoutWidget_3)
        self.lineEdit_3.setObjectName("lineEdit_3")
        self.horizontalLayout_3.addWidget(self.lineEdit_3)
        self.horizontalLayoutWidget_4 = QtWidgets.QWidget(Dialog)
        self.horizontalLayoutWidget_4.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 170, 261, 41))
        self.horizontalLayoutWidget_4.setObjectName("horizontalLayoutWidget_4")
        self.horizontalLayout_4 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout(self.horizontalLayoutWidget_4)
        self.horizontalLayout_4.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
        self.horizontalLayout_4.setObjectName("horizontalLayout_4")
        self.label_4 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.horizontalLayoutWidget_4)
        self.label_4.setObjectName("label_4")
        self.horizontalLayout_4.addWidget(self.label_4)
        self.lineEdit_4 = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.horizontalLayoutWidget_4)
        self.lineEdit_4.setObjectName("lineEdit_4")
        self.horizontalLayout_4.addWidget(self.lineEdit_4)
        self.retranslateUi(Dialog)
        self.buttonBox.accepted.connect(Dialog.accept)
        self.buttonBox.rejected.connect(Dialog.reject)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Dialog)
        
    def retranslateUi(self, Dialog):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        Dialog.setWindowTitle(_translate("Dialog", "手工添加数据"))
        self.pushButton.setText(_translate("Dialog", "添加"))
        self.label.setText(_translate("Dialog", "客户名字"))
        self.label_2.setText(_translate("Dialog", "衣服款式"))
        self.label_3.setText(_translate("Dialog", "衣服尺寸"))
        self.label_4.setText(_translate("Dialog", "订单件数"))

4.再写一个test.py来启动这个窗口：

#coding=utf-8
import sys
import Clothes_insertData
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication,QDialog
if __name__ == '__main__':
    myapp = QApplication(sys.argv)
    myDlg = QDialog()
    myUI = Clothes_insertData.Ui_Dialog()
    myUI.setupUi(myDlg)
    #在屏幕中显示widget
    myDlg.show()
    #exec是python保留关键字，所以用exec_()来代替
    sys.exit(myapp.exec_())

在这里插入图片描述

弹出提示框参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/zhoug2020/p/10094855.html

窗体如何弹出子窗体：

#coding=utf-8
import sys
import os
if hasattr(sys, 'frozen'):
    os.environ['PATH'] = sys._MEIPASS + ";" + os.environ['PATH']
from Colthes_main import *
from Clothes_insertData import *
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication,QMainWindow,QDialog,QTableWidgetItem,QMessageBox
from PyQt5.QtGui import QFont
from sqlHelper import SqlHelper
from PyQt5 import QtCore

#主窗口
class parrentWindow(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        QMainWindow.__init__(self)
        self.main_ui = Ui_MainWindow()
        self.main_ui.setupUi(self)
        #添加事件监听
        self.click_method()
        self.result = []
        # 表头
        self.horizontalHeader = ["客户名字", "衣服款式", "衣服尺寸", "订单件数","电话","地址"]
        # 初始化表格
        self.table()
        
#子窗口
class childWindow(QDialog):
    def __init__(self):
        QDialog.__init__(self)
        self.child_ui =Ui_Dialog()
        self.child_ui.setupUi(self)
        #添加监听事件
        self.click_method()
        
if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    window = parrentWindow()
    child = childWindow()
    #通过toolButton将两个窗体连接
    btn = window.main_ui.pushButton_2
    btn.clicked.connect(child.show)
    #显示
    window.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())