RecyclerView有以下几点特性:
1.不关心Item是否显示在正确位置,如何显示。(所以我们可以水平 垂直 瀑布流)
2.不关心Item之间如何分隔。
3.不关心Item增加删除的动画效果。
4.仅仅关注如何收复和复用View。
使用RecyclerView需要添加v7中recycler的jar包支持。
一般情况下路径在sdk下的SDK\extras\android\support\v7\recyclerview\libs
AS中只需要在File — Project Structure 中对应module添加Dependence。
新建立一个Module:
这里的MainActivity继承了AppCompatActivity,这是高版本中的,其实ActionBarActivity也是可以的。
package com.chase.cn.recyclerview;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private RecyclerView mRecyclerView;
private List<String> mDatas;
private RecyclerSimpleAdapter mAdapter;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
initDatas();//初始化data
initView();//初始化view
mAdapter = new RecyclerSimpleAdapter(this,mDatas); //传入所建立的RecyclerSimplAdapter类数据
mRecyclerView.setAdapter(mAdapter);
LinearLayoutManager manager = new LinearLayoutManager(this, LinearLayout.VERTICAL,false);
//上面的属性为(this,orientation,reverseLayout)上面使用垂直属性
mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(manager);
}
private void initView() {
mRecyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.recyclerView);
}
private void initDatas() {
mDatas = new ArrayList<String>();
for (int i = 'A'; i <= 'z'; i++) {
mDatas.add(""+(char)i);
}
}
}
我们要自定义一个Adapter类,新建class:RecyclerSimpleAdapter.class
package com.chase.cn.recyclerview;
import android.content.Context;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.TextView;
import java.util.List;
/**
* Created by Chase on 2016/11/22.
*/
public class RecyclerSimpleAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<MyViewHolder> {//填入下面建的内部类
//第二步,实现方法
private LayoutInflater mInflater; //声明inflater来inflate我们的布局
//用来保存传进来的数据
private Context mContext;
private List<String> mDatas;
//第三步
public RecyclerSimpleAdapter(Context context, List<String> datas){
this.mContext = context;
this.mDatas = datas;
mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
}
//第四步,创建ViewHolder
@Override
public MyViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup arg0, int viewType) {
View view = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.item_single_textview,arg0,false);
MyViewHolder viewHolder = new MyViewHolder(view);
return viewHolder; //reutrn这个ViewHloder
}
//第五步,绑定ViewHolder
@Override
public void onBindViewHolder(MyViewHolder holder, int position) {
holder.tv.setText(mDatas.get(position)); //完成TextView的复制
}
@Override
public int getItemCount() {
return mDatas.size();
}
}
//第一步,先建立这个内部类再实现方法
//viewHolder中会有当前item的所有空间
class MyViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{
TextView tv;
public MyViewHolder(View itemView) {
super(itemView);
tv = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.id_tv);
//别的控件也可以在这里初始化
}
}
上面用到的item布局文件为:item_single_textview.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="72dp"
android:background="#44ff0000"
>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/id_tv"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:gravity="center"/>
</FrameLayout>
更多更能如下。
因为上面运行以后,item之间贴在了一起。
要给item之间添加分隔,在MainActivity中继续添加:
mRecyclerView.addItemDecoration(new DividerItemDecoration(this,DividerItemDecoration.VERTICAL_LIST));
这里用到一个类,附上链接:
http://download.youkuaiyun.com/download/tobestrong_csdn/9348767
也附上代码如下,可以直接拿过来用:
package com.chase.cn.recyclerview;
/*
* Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.res.TypedArray;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Rect;
import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
/**
* This class is from the v7 samples of the Android SDK. It's not by me!
* <p/>
* See the license above for details.
*/
public class DividerItemDecoration extends RecyclerView.ItemDecoration
{
private static final int[] ATTRS = new int[] { android.R.attr.listDivider };
public static final int HORIZONTAL_LIST = LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL;
public static final int VERTICAL_LIST = LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL;
private Drawable mDivider; //item的间隔图片资源
private int mOrientation; //方向:水平,垂直
public DividerItemDecoration(Context context, int orientation)
{
final TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(ATTRS);
mDivider = a.getDrawable(0);
a.recycle();
setOrientation(orientation);
}
public void setOrientation(int orientation)
{
if (orientation != HORIZONTAL_LIST && orientation != VERTICAL_LIST)
{
throw new IllegalArgumentException("invalid orientation");
}
mOrientation = orientation;
}
@Override
public void onDraw(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent)
{
Log.v("recyclerview - itemdecoration", "onDraw()");
if (mOrientation == VERTICAL_LIST) {
drawVertical(c, parent);
} else {
drawHorizontal(c, parent);
}
}
public void drawVertical(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent)
{
final int left = parent.getPaddingLeft();
final int right = parent.getWidth() - parent.getPaddingRight();
final int childCount = parent.getChildCount();
for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++)
{
final View child = parent.getChildAt(i);
RecyclerView v = new RecyclerView(
parent.getContext());
final RecyclerView.LayoutParams params = (RecyclerView.LayoutParams) child
.getLayoutParams();
final int top = child.getBottom() + params.bottomMargin;
final int bottom = top + mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight();
mDivider.setBounds(left, top, right, bottom);
mDivider.draw(c);
}
}
public void drawHorizontal(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent)
{
final int top = parent.getPaddingTop();
final int bottom = parent.getHeight() - parent.getPaddingBottom();
final int childCount = parent.getChildCount();
for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++)
{
final View child = parent.getChildAt(i);
final RecyclerView.LayoutParams params = (RecyclerView.LayoutParams) child
.getLayoutParams();
final int left = child.getRight() + params.rightMargin;
final int right = left + mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight();
mDivider.setBounds(left, top, right, bottom);
mDivider.draw(c);
}
}
//提供绘制分割线的间隔
@Override
public void getItemOffsets(Rect outRect, int itemPosition,
RecyclerView parent)
{
if (mOrientation == VERTICAL_LIST)
{
outRect.set(0, 0, 0, mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight());
} else
{
outRect.set(0, 0, mDivider.getIntrinsicWidth(), 0);
}
}
}
如何自定义分隔线的图案呢?
以一个红绿蓝渐变的分割线为例:
新建xml文件:divider.xml 这是一个shape类型的。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:shape="rectangle">
<size android:height="4dp" />
<gradient
android:centerColor="#ff00ff00"
android:endColor="#ff0000ff"
android:startColor="#ffff0000"
android:type="linear"/>
</shape>
在values文件夹的style文件中加入一条,把我们上面的文件放进去。
<item name="android:listDivider">@drawable/divider</item>
如下:
<resources>
<!-- Base application theme. -->
<style name="AppTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar">
<!-- Customize your theme here. -->
<item name="colorPrimary">@color/colorPrimary</item>
<item name="colorPrimaryDark">@color/colorPrimaryDark</item>
<item name="colorAccent">@color/colorAccent</item>
<item name="android:listDivider">@drawable/divider</item>
</style>
</resources>
在AS中,就可以运行了。
如果在eclipse中,要对应不同版本的values中,放在v14试试。
下面实现,listview,gridview,horizonalGridView,staggered(瀑布流)的切换。
添加一个菜单。如果没有,在res文件夹下建立menu文件夹。
建立menu.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:context="com.chase.cn.recyclerview.MainActivity"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">
<item
android:id="@+id/action_listview"
android:orderInCategory="100"
android:showAsAction="never"
android:title="ListView"
tools:ignore="AppCompatResource" />
<item
android:id="@+id/action_gridview"
android:orderInCategory="100"
android:showAsAction="never"
android:title="GridView"
tools:ignore="AppCompatResource" />
<item
android:id="@+id/action_hor_gridview"
android:orderInCategory="100"
android:showAsAction="never"
android:title="Hor_GridView"
tools:ignore="AppCompatResource" />
<item
android:id="@+id/action_staggered"
android:orderInCategory="100"
android:showAsAction="never"
android:title="Staggered"
tools:ignore="AppCompatResource" />
</menu>
在MainActivity中添加:
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
MenuInflater inflater = new MenuInflater(this);
inflater.inflate(R.menu.menu,menu);
return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
}
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
int id = item.getItemId();
switch (id){
case R.id.action_listview:
mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(this,
LinearLayout.VERTICAL,false));
break;
case R.id.action_gridview:
mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(new GridLayoutManager(this,3));//设置了3列
break;
case R.id.action_hor_gridview:
mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(new StaggeredGridLayoutManager
(6,StaggeredGridLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL));//(列数,方向)
break;
case R.id.action_staggered:
break;
}
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
如果horizonalGridView显示不正常的话,需要改变item配置中的宽度。