springboot 异常处理

局部异常和全局异常处理

 

一、单个controller范围的异常处理

 1 package com.xxx.secondboot.web;
 2 
 3 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
 4 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 5 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
 6 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
 7 
 8 import com.xxx.secondboot.exception.MyExceptionResponse;
 9 
10 import io.swagger.annotations.Api;
11 
12 @Api("测试controllerAdvice和全局异常处理")
13 @RestController
14 @RequestMapping("/advice1")
15 public class AdviceController {
16 
17     @RequestMapping(value = "/test1", method = RequestMethod.GET)
18     public String test1() {
19         throw new RuntimeException("advice1 - exception1");
20     }
21 
22     @RequestMapping(value = "/test2", method = RequestMethod.GET)
23     public String test2() {
24         throw new RuntimeException("advice1 - exception2");
25     }
26 
27     @ExceptionHandler(RuntimeException.class)
28     public MyExceptionResponse exceptionHandler() {
29         MyExceptionResponse resp = new MyExceptionResponse();
30         resp.setCode(300);
31         resp.setMsg("exception-Handler");
32         return resp;
33     }
34 
35 }

说明：

• 在controller中加入被@ExceptionHandler修饰的类即可（在该注解中指定该方法需要处理的那些异常类）
• 该异常处理方法只在当前的controller中起作用

二、全部controller范围内起作用的异常处理（全局异常处理）

1、全局异常处理类

 1 package com.xxx.secondboot.web;
 2 
 3 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 4 
 5 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
 6 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
 7 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
 8 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
 9 
10 import com.xxx.secondboot.exception.MyExceptionResponse;
11 import com.xxx.secondboot.exception.MyRuntimeException;
12 
13 //@ControllerAdvice(annotations=RestController.class)
14 //@ControllerAdvice(basePackages={"com.xxx","com.ooo"})
15 @ControllerAdvice
16 public class GlobalExceptionHandler {
17     @ExceptionHandler(RuntimeException.class)
18     //    @ExceptionHandler(value={RuntimeException.class,MyRuntimeException.class})
19     //    @ExceptionHandler//处理所有异常
20     @ResponseBody //在返回自定义相应类的情况下必须有，这是@ControllerAdvice注解的规定
21     public MyExceptionResponse exceptionHandler(RuntimeException e, HttpServletResponse response) {
22         MyExceptionResponse resp = new MyExceptionResponse();
23         resp.setCode(300);
24         resp.setMsg("exception-Handler");
25         //        response.setStatus(600);
26         return resp;
27     }
28 }

说明：

• @ControllerAdvice是controller的一个辅助类，最常用的就是作为全局异常处理的切面类
• @ControllerAdvice可以指定扫描范围
• @ControllerAdvice约定了几种可行的返回值，如果是直接返回model类的话，需要使用@ResponseBody进行json转换
  • 返回String，表示跳到某个view
  • 返回modelAndView
  • 返回model + @ResponseBody

2、controller

 1 package com.xxx.secondboot.web;
 2 
 3 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 4 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
 5 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
 6 
 7 import io.swagger.annotations.Api;
 8 
 9 @Api("测试controllerAdvice和全局异常处理")
10 @RestController
11 @RequestMapping("/advice1")
12 public class AdviceController {
13 
14     @RequestMapping(value = "/test1", method = RequestMethod.GET)
15     public String test1() {
16         throw new RuntimeException("advice1 - exception1");
17     }
18 
19     @RequestMapping(value = "/test2", method = RequestMethod.GET)
20     public String test2() {
21         throw new RuntimeException("advice1 - exception2");
22     }
23 
24     //    @ExceptionHandler(RuntimeException.class)
25     //    public MyExceptionResponse exceptionHandler() {
26     //        MyExceptionResponse resp = new MyExceptionResponse();
27     //        resp.setCode(300);
28     //        resp.setMsg("exception-Handler");
29     //        return resp;
30     //    }
31 
32 }

注意：

• 同一个异常被局部范围异常处理器和全局范围异常处理器同时覆盖，会选择小范围的局部范围处理器
• 同一个异常被小范围的异常类和大范围的异常处理器同时覆盖，会选择小范围的异常处理器