mysql 42000 异常 com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: #42000

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最新推荐文章于 2025-05-12 18:50:05 发布

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分类专栏：数据库文章标签： mysql 42000 MySQLSyntaxErrorException

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本文详细解析了在MySQL 5.7版本中，由于sql_mode参数调整导致的ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY异常问题。通过对比不同版本的MySQL，指出了问题的根源，并提供了三种解决方案：改写SQL语句、修改sql_mode参数以及在my.cnf文件中设置。此外，还介绍了如何在服务器级别和会话级别修改sql_mode参数。

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异常说明：

Caused by: io.shardingjdbc.core.exception.ShardingJdbcException: io.shardingjdbc.core.exception.ShardingJdbcException: com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: #42000
        at io.shardingjdbc.core.executor.threadlocal.ExecutorExceptionHandler.handleException(ExecutorExceptionHandler.java:61)
        at io.shardingjdbc.core.executor.ExecutorEngine.execute(ExecutorEngine.java:134)
        at io.shardingjdbc.core.executor.ExecutorEngine.executePreparedStatement(ExecutorEngine.java:96)
        at io.shardingjdbc.core.executor.type.prepared.PreparedStatementExecutor.execute(PreparedStatementExecutor.java:93)
        at io.shardingjdbc.core.jdbc.core.statement.ShardingPreparedStatement.execute(ShardingPreparedStatement.java:141)
        at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor241.invoke(Unknown Source)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
        at org.apache.ibatis.logging.jdbc.PreparedStatementLogger.invoke(PreparedStatementLogger.java:59)
        at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy288.execute(Unknown Source)
        at org.apache.ibatis.executor.statement.PreparedStatementHandler.query(PreparedStatementHandler.java:63)
        at org.apache.ibatis.executor.statement.RoutingStatementHandler.query(RoutingStatementHandler.java:79)
        at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor236.invoke(Unknown Source)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
        at org.apache.ibatis.plugin.Plugin.invoke(Plugin.java:63)
        at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy287.query(Unknown Source)
        at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor236.invoke(Unknown Source)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
        at org.apache.ibatis.plugin.Plugin.invoke(Plugin.java:63)
        at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy287.query(Unknown Source)
        at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor236.invoke(Unknown Source)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
        at org.apache.ibatis.plugin.Invocation.proceed(Invocation.java:49)
        at com.baomidou.mybatisplus.plugins.PerformanceInterceptor.intercept(PerformanceInterceptor.java:151)
        at org.apache.ibatis.plugin.Plugin.invoke(Plugin.java:61)
        at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy287.query(Unknown Source)
        at org.apache.ibatis.executor.SimpleExecutor.doQuery(SimpleExecutor.java:63)
        at org.apache.ibatis.executor.BaseExecutor.queryFromDatabase(BaseExecutor.java:324)
        at org.apache.ibatis.executor.BaseExecutor.query(BaseExecutor.java:156)
        at org.apache.ibatis.executor.CachingExecutor.query(CachingExecutor.java:109)
        at org.apache.ibatis.executor.CachingExecutor.query(CachingExecutor.java:83)
        at org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession.selectList(DefaultSqlSession.java:148)
        ... 121 common frames omitted
Caused by: io.shardingjdbc.core.exception.ShardingJdbcException: com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: #42000
        at io.shardingjdbc.core.executor.threadlocal.ExecutorExceptionHandler.handleException(ExecutorExceptionHandler.java:61)
        at io.shardingjdbc.core.executor.ExecutorEngine.executeInternal(ExecutorEngine.java:188)
        at io.shardingjdbc.core.executor.ExecutorEngine.syncExecute(ExecutorEngine.java:162)
        at io.shardingjdbc.core.executor.ExecutorEngine.execute(ExecutorEngine.java:126)
        ... 154 common frames omitted

从其他地方找到如下解决办法：

执行这样的SQL语句可重现异常 select age, name from test group by name

mysql5.1，不报异常

mysql5.5，不报异常

mysql5.6，不报异常

mysql5.7.22，报异常（具体从5.7哪个版本开始还没有确定下来，网上有人说5.7.5）

mysql从5.7的某个版本开始调整了默认参数sql_mode值为：

mysql> show variables like 'sql_mode';
+---------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value                                                                                                                                     |
+---------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| sql_mode      | ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION |
+---------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

其中ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY就是影响了上面SQL语句是否报异常

解决方法：

1、改写SQL语句，毕竟上面的写法不是标准的SQL语句

2、登陆mysql服务器，执行以下命令，在global与session级都修改

mysql> set global sql_mode='STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION';
mysql> set session sql_mode='STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION';

3、结合第2种方法，在my.cnf文件中，指定sql_mode的值：

[mysqld]
sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION

注：2与3结合可不用重启服务器，且即使重启配置也依然有效。

经本人测试：

执行完2和3后还是不行，最后重启mysql数据库可以