J - Pie解题报告（黄杰）

J - Pie

Time Limit:1000MS     Memory Limit:65536KB     64bit IO Format:%I64d & %I64u

Submit  Status

Description

My birthday is coming up and traditionally I'm serving pie. Not just one pie, no, I have a number N of them, of various tastes and of various sizes. F of my friends are coming to my party and each of them gets a piece of pie. This should be one piece of one pie, not several small pieces since that looks messy. This piece can be one whole pie though. 

My friends are very annoying and if one of them gets a bigger piece than the others, they start complaining. Therefore all of them should get equally sized (but not necessarily equally shaped) pieces, even if this leads to some pie getting spoiled (which is better than spoiling the party). Of course, I want a piece of pie for myself too, and that piece should also be of the same size. 

What is the largest possible piece size all of us can get? All the pies are cylindrical in shape and they all have the same height 1, but the radii of the pies can be different.

Input

One line with a positive integer: the number of test cases. Then for each test case:

• One line with two integers N and F with 1 ≤ N, F ≤ 10 000: the number of pies and the number of friends.
• One line with N integers ri with 1 ≤ ri ≤ 10 000: the radii of the pies.

Output

For each test case, output one line with the largest possible volume V such that me and my friends can all get a pie piece of size V. The answer should be given as a floating point number with an absolute error of at most 10 ⁻³.

Sample Input

3
3 3
4 3 3
1 24
5
10 5
1 4 2 3 4 5 6 5 4 2

Sample Output

25.1327
3.1416
50.2655

题目大意：有多组数据，每组数据有n个蛋糕和f个朋友，接下来n个数表示每个pie的半径，求每个人能分到的最大蛋糕体积，不能几块蛋糕拼成一块。
题目链接：http://poj.org/problem?id=3122
方法：二分法
思路：这个题就是用比较简单的二分法，二分法需要注意的有两点，一是以何值为二分的对象（一般都是要求的量），二是判断的条件（这往往是问题的关键）。在此题中，二分的对象很显然是每个人可以分到的pie体积，接着判断每块蛋糕可已分成几块这样大小的pie，记录和，最后判断和与人数的大小，进行高低点的移动，从而达到条件退出循环。这里有两点要注意，一是人数包括了自己，二是圆周率PI要尽可能精确，最好是用我代码中的直接公式表示，最精确。。（由于是写给那些不太明白的同学，略显啰嗦，因为看代码不如看思路，大神就无视吧。。顺便求指点）
算法实现：

#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
#define MAX 10001
#define PI acos(-1.0);//精确度提高。
int main()
{
	int num,n,f,r,i,sum;
	double low,high,mid,v[MAX];
	scanf("%d",&num);
	while(num--)
	{
		scanf("%d%d",&n,&f);
		low=0;
		high=0;
		for(i=0;i<n;i++)
		{
			scanf("%d",&r);
			v[i]=r*r*PI;
			high+=v[i];
		}
		f+=1;//包括自己.
		high/=f;
		while(high-low>=1e-7)
		{
			sum=0;
			mid=(low+high)/2.0;
			for(i=0;i<n;i++)
				sum+=(int)(v[i]/mid);//记录可以分成多少块。
			if(sum>=f)
				low=mid;
			else
				high=mid;
		}
		printf("%.4f\n",mid);
	}
	return 0;  
}