3.RabbitMQ教程—特性demo

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官方文档资料地址

Spring地址：http://projects.spring.io/spring-amqp/

Spring提供的Demo地址：https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-amqp-samples

中文文档地址：http://rabbitmq.mr-ping.com/

RabbitMQ的6个特性

1. "Hello World!"

2. Work queues（工作队列）

3. Publish/Subscribe（发布订阅）

4. Routing（路由）

5. Topics（主题交换机）

6. RPC（远程调用）

（此6特性不举例说明，请查阅上述中文文档地址和下载spring的demo理解即可）

围绕几个特点给出demo

1. 队列可恢复性，数据可恢复性

   // 生产者 public  static  void  main(String[] args) {      String DURABLE_QUEUE_NAME =  "queue_for_durable" ;      String UNDURABLE_QUEUE_NAME =  "queue_for_undurable" ;            ConnectionFactory factory =  new  ConnectionFactory();      factory.setHost( "10.200.0.150" );      factory.setPort( 5672 );      factory.setUsername( "root" );      factory.setPassword( "123456" );      try  {          Connection connection = factory.newConnection();          Channel channel = connection.createChannel();          // 声明两个队列，第二个参数表示该队列在rabbit服务器重启后是否自动创建          channel.queueDeclare(DURABLE_QUEUE_NAME,  true ,  false ,  false ,  null );          channel.queueDeclare(UNDURABLE_QUEUE_NAME,  false ,  false ,  false ,  null );                    // 数据是否可恢复(声明数据为文本类型，可恢复)          BasicProperties basicProperties = MessageProperties.PERSISTENT_TEXT_PLAIN;                    channel.basicPublish( "" , DURABLE_QUEUE_NAME,  null ,  "文本一" .getBytes());          channel.basicPublish( "" , DURABLE_QUEUE_NAME, basicProperties,  "文本二" .getBytes());          channel.basicPublish( "" , UNDURABLE_QUEUE_NAME,  null ,  "文本三" .getBytes());          channel.close();          connection.close();      }  catch  (IOException e) {          e.printStackTrace();      }  catch  (TimeoutException e) {          e.printStackTrace();      } }

   执行上输代码，rabbit服务器会生成2个队列，持久化队列2条消息，临时队列1条消息；
   在linux服务器执行rabbit服务重启命令：service rabbitmq-server restart，重启后查看队列状态，此时只有1个持久化队列，且只有1条消息
     

2. ack应答机制

   // 消费者 public  static  void  main(String[] args) {      String DURABLE_QUEUE_NAME =  "queue_for_durable" ; // 持久化队列            ConnectionFactory factory =  new  ConnectionFactory();      factory.setHost( "10.200.0.150" );      factory.setPort( 5672 );      factory.setUsername( "root" );      factory.setPassword( "123456" );      try  {          Connection connection = factory.newConnection();          Channel channel = connection.createChannel();          channel.queueDeclare(DURABLE_QUEUE_NAME,  true ,  false ,  false ,  null ); // 创建消费队列（防止消费者先上线无法找到队列而抛出异常）          channel.basicQos( 1 ); // 指定当前接收消息的容量          QueueingConsumer consumer =  new  QueueingConsumer(channel);                    /*           * 第二个参数如果为true则在接收到消息的一瞬间，rabbit服务器会删除消息           * 为false表明ack应答机制为手动响应，此时消息会存储在rabbit等待应答的队列中，在未收到应答，会重新进入准备状态           */          String resp = channel.basicConsume(DURABLE_QUEUE_NAME,  false , consumer);          System.out.println( "======："  + resp);                    QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery =  null ;          while  ( null  != (delivery = consumer.nextDelivery())) {              String message =  new  String(delivery.getBody());              System.out.println( "获取到消息："  + message);                            // channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(), false);// 手动回应服务器，当前任务执行成功          }      }  catch  (IOException e) {          e.printStackTrace();      }  catch  (TimeoutException e) {          e.printStackTrace();      }  catch  (ShutdownSignalException e) {          e.printStackTrace();      }  catch  (ConsumerCancelledException e) {          e.printStackTrace();      }  catch  (InterruptedException e) {          e.printStackTrace();      } }

   执行程序，此时观察rabbit服务器队列状态，持久化队列中的消息处于<待应答>状态，停止程序，此时rabbit服务器队列数据状态恢复到准备状态；打开注释channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(), false);，执行程序后观察rabbit服务器队列发现数据已被移除；

   
   
   
   

3. 消息的监听

   <? xml  version = "1.0"  encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans  xmlns = "<a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" "="" style="color: rgb(59, 115, 175); text-decoration: none; border-radius: 0px !important; background: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; min-height: auto !important;">http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  xmlns:xsi = "<a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" "="" style="color: rgb(59, 115, 175); text-decoration: none; border-radius: 0px !important; background: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; min-height: auto !important;">http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:rabbit = "<a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit" "="" style="color: rgb(59, 115, 175); text-decoration: none; border-radius: 0px !important; background: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; min-height: auto !important;">http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit.xsd          http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  <a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd" "="" style="color: rgb(59, 115, 175); text-decoration: none; border-radius: 0px !important; background: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; min-height: auto !important;">http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd">      < description >rabbitMQ连接服务配置</ description >            <!-- 连接配置，addresses可以配置多个服务器地址，用英文逗号分隔开 -->      < rabbit:connection-factory  id = "connectionFactory"  addresses = "10.200.0.150:5672"  username = "root"  password = "123456"  />      < rabbit:admin  connection-factory = "connectionFactory"  />      <!-- 消息转换器 -->      < bean  id = "gsonConverter"  class = "org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.Jackson2JsonMessageConverter"  />      <!-- 消息队列 -->      < rabbit:queue  name = "queue_for_durable"  />      < rabbit:queue  name = "queue_for_undurable"  />            <!-- 连接模板 -->      < rabbit:template  id = "rabbitTemplate"  connection-factory = "connectionFactory"  message-converter = "gsonConverter"  exchange = "directExchange"  />      <!-- 客户端发送器：全名匹配 -->      < rabbit:direct-exchange  name = "directExchange" >          < rabbit:bindings >              < rabbit:binding  queue = "queue_for_durable"  key = "queue_for_durable"  />              < rabbit:binding  queue = "queue_for_undurable"  key = "queue_for_undurable"  />          </ rabbit:bindings >      </ rabbit:direct-exchange >      <!-- 消息接收：DirectListener.java继承MessageListener接口实现onMessage方法即可，concurrency表示并发处理的监听数量 -->      < bean  id = "directListener"  class = "com.xiangshang.mq.listener.DirectListener"  />      < rabbit:listener-container  connection-factory = "connectionFactory"  message-converter = "gsonConverter"  concurrency = "2"  acknowledge = "auto" >          < rabbit:listener  queues = "queue_for_durable,queue_for_undurable"  ref = "directListener"  />      </ rabbit:listener-container > </ beans >

   junit加载上述文件，使用生产者向队列发送消息，此时可以看到监听器中接收到数据（提示：实现ChannelAwareMessageListener接口，listener也可以实现ack机制，此时acknowledge="manual"）

    
    

4. 发布订阅

   <? xml  version = "1.0"  encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans  xmlns = "<a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" "="" style="color: rgb(59, 115, 175); text-decoration: none; border-radius: 0px !important; background: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; min-height: auto !important;">http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  xmlns:xsi = "<a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" "="" style="color: rgb(59, 115, 175); text-decoration: none; border-radius: 0px !important; background: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; min-height: auto !important;">http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:rabbit = "<a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit" "="" style="color: rgb(59, 115, 175); text-decoration: none; border-radius: 0px !important; background: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; min-height: auto !important;">http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit.xsd          http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  <a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd" "="" style="color: rgb(59, 115, 175); text-decoration: none; border-radius: 0px !important; background: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; min-height: auto !important;">http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd">      < description >rabbitMQ连接服务配置</ description >            <!-- 连接配置，addresses可以配置多个服务器地址，用英文逗号分隔开 -->      < rabbit:connection-factory  id = "connectionFactory"  addresses = "10.200.0.150:5672"  username = "root"  password = "123456"  />      < rabbit:admin  connection-factory = "connectionFactory"  />      <!-- 消息转换器 -->      < bean  id = "gsonConverter"  class = "org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.Jackson2JsonMessageConverter"  />      <!-- 消息队列 -->      < rabbit:queue  name = "queue_for_durable"  />      < rabbit:queue  name = "queue_for_undurable"  />            <!-- 连接模板 -->      < rabbit:template  id = "rabbitTemplate"  connection-factory = "connectionFactory"  message-converter = "gsonConverter"  exchange = "fanoutExchange"  />      <!-- 发布订阅 -->      < rabbit:fanout-exchange  name = "fanoutExchange" >          < rabbit:bindings >              < rabbit:binding  queue = "queue_for_durable"   />              < rabbit:binding  queue = "queue_for_undurable"  />          </ rabbit:bindings >      </ rabbit:fanout-exchange > </ beans >

   junit加载上述文件，使用生产者向队列发送消息，此时在rabbit服务器可以看到发布订阅模式路由下这两个队列，均能收到一条消息
    

5. 延迟消息队列（参见下一页整合spring的demo）
6. 优先级队列（参见下一页整合spring的demo）