Relative imports

Python导入模块详解
最新推荐文章于 2022-03-13 14:01:52 发布
原创 最新推荐文章于 2022-03-13 14:01:52 发布 · 1.1k 阅读 · 0 ·
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本文介绍了在Python中如何从同一包内的不同模块导入特定组件的方法。例如，在A.B.C模块中可以使用相对导入的方式引入A.B.D、A.E及A.F.G等模块。这有助于理解Python的包结构和模块组织方式。

For example, code in the A.B.C module can do:

from . import D                 # Imports A.B.D
from .. import E                # Imports A.E
from ..F import G               # Imports A.F.G

Python3中使用相对导入(Relative Imports)时导入相邻包或模块时会报错“ImportError“
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"相对导入"的限制是，您只能导入层次结构中的模块（上下），但不能导入相邻的模块。
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python相对路径库_Relative Imports——python模块相对路径导入
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Guido's DecisionGuido has Pronounced [1] that relative imports will use leading dots. A single leading dot indicates a relative import,starting with the current package. Two or more leading dots give ...
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本文是对 http://stackoverflow.com/questions/14132789/python-relative-imports-for-the-billionth-time#answer-14132912 这个 SO 答案的翻译。本人的翻译一向只追求含义准确而不追求字字对应，有些不好翻的术语或者固定说法就直接保留。 这个答案能解释大多关于 relative import，即相对...
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If you’ve worked on a Python project that has more than one file, chances are you’ve had to use an import statement before. 如果您从事的Python项目有多个文件，那么您以前可能不得不使用import语句。 Even for Pythonistas with a coup...
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解决： Absolute imports should come before relative imports
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问题原因： 引入顺序问题 示例： import Vue from 'vue'; import axios from 'axios'; import App from './App'; import router from './router'; import store from './store'; import Antd from 'ant-design-vue'; import 'ant-design-vue/dist/antd.css'; 解决 调整引入顺序即可 import Vue
Vue Volar extension Pack 综合包 Vue Peek Vue 3 Snippets React Extension Pack Material Icon Theme Dark-Dracula Theme IntelliCode 智能代码提示 Node.js Modules Intellisense Node.js Exec 执行命令 npm Intellisense gitignore Formatting Toggle Move TS - Move TypeScript files and update relative imports TypeScript Importer json2ts 这些vsccode的插件分别做什么的
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You attempted to import /src/emojis/basic_emoticon_1.png which falls outside of the project src/ directory. Relative imports outside of src/ are not supported. You can either move it inside src/, or add a symlink to it from project's node_modules/.
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The import statement import_stmt ::= "import" module ["as" name] ( "," module ["as" name] )* | "from" relative_module "import" identifier ["as" name] ( "," identifier ["as" name] )* | "from" relative_module "import" "(" identifier ["as" name] ( "," identifier ["as" name] )* [","] ")" | "from" module "import" "*" module ::= (identifier ".")* identifier relative_module ::= "."* module | "."+ name ::= identifier The basic import statement (no from clause) is executed in two steps: find a module, loading and initializing it if necessary define a name or names in the local namespace for the scope where the import statement occurs. When the statement contains multiple clauses (separated by commas) the two steps are carried out separately for each clause, just as though the clauses had been separated out into individiual import statements. The details of the first step, finding and loading modules are described in greater detail in the section on the import system, which also describes the various types of packages and modules that can be imported, as well as all the hooks that can be used to customize the import system. Note that failures in this step may indicate either that the module could not be located, or that an error occurred while initializing the module, which includes execution of the module’s code. If the requested module is retrieved successfully, it will be made available in the local namespace in one of three ways: If the module name is followed by as, then the name following as is bound directly to the imported module. If no other name is specified, and the module being imported is a top level module, the module’s name is bound in the local namespace as a reference to the imported module If the module being imported is not a top level module, then the name of the top level package that contains the module is bound in the local namespace as a reference to the top level package. The imported module must be accessed using its full qualified name rather than directly The from form uses a slightly more complex process: find the module specified in the from clause, loading and initializing it if necessary; for each of the identifiers specified in the import clauses: check if the imported module has an attribute by that name if not, attempt to import a submodule with that name and then check the imported module again for that attribute if the attribute is not found, ImportError is raised. otherwise, a reference to that value is stored in the local namespace, using the name in the as clause if it is present, otherwise using the attribute name Examples: import foo # foo imported and bound locally import foo.bar.baz # foo.bar.baz imported, foo bound locally import foo.bar.baz as fbb # foo.bar.baz imported and bound as fbb from foo.bar import baz # foo.bar.baz imported and bound as baz from foo import attr # foo imported and foo.attr bound as attr If the list of identifiers is replaced by a star ('*'), all public names defined in the module are bound in the local namespace for the scope where the import statement occurs. The public names defined by a module are determined by checking the module’s namespace for a variable named __all__; if defined, it must be a sequence of strings which are names defined or imported by that module. The names given in __all__ are all considered public and are required to exist. If __all__ is not defined, the set of public names includes all names found in the module’s namespace which do not begin with an underscore character ('_'). __all__ should contain the entire public API. It is intended to avoid accidentally exporting items that are not part of the API (such as library modules which were imported and used within the module). The wild card form of import — from module import * — is only allowed at the module level. Attempting to use it in class or function definitions will raise a SyntaxError. When specifying what module to import you do not have to specify the absolute name of the module. When a module or package is contained within another package it is possible to make a relative import within the same top package without having to mention the package name. By using leading dots in the specified module or package after from you can specify how high to traverse up the current package hierarchy without specifying exact names. One leading dot means the current package where the module making the import exists. Two dots means up one package level. Three dots is up two levels, etc. So if you execute from . import mod from a module in the pkg package then you will end up importing pkg.mod. If you execute from ..subpkg2 import mod from within pkg.subpkg1 you will import pkg.subpkg2.mod. The specification for relative imports is contained within PEP 328 . importlib.import_module() is provided to support applications that determine dynamically the modules to be loaded.
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python的import太难受了。。 https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14132789/relative-imports-in-python-2-7/14132912#14132912 https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6323860/sibling-package-imports/50193944#50193944 https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14132789/relativ.
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